scholarly journals Strengthening Regenerated Cellulose Fibers Sourced from Recycled Cotton T-Shirt Using Glucaric Acid for Antiplasticization

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-153
Author(s):  
Manik Chandra Biswas ◽  
Ryan Dwyer ◽  
Javier Jimenez ◽  
Hsun-Cheng Su ◽  
Ericka Ford
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Aqueous Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Acid Neutralization ◽  
Glucaric Acid ◽  
Recycled Pulp ◽  
Direct Dissolution

The recycling of cellulose from cotton textiles would minimize the use of virgin crop fibers, but recycled polymers are generally inferior in mechanical performance to those made from virgin resins. This challenge prompted the investigation of biobased additives that were capable of improving the mechanical properties of fibers by means of antiplasticizing additives. In this study, regenerated cellulose (RC) fibers were spun from cellulose found in cotton T-shirts, and fibers were mechanically strengthened with glucaric acid (GA), a nontoxic product of fermentation. The recycled pulp was activated using aqueous sodium hydroxide and then followed by acid neutralization, prior to the direct dissolution in lithium chloride/N,N-dimethylacetamide (LiCl/DMAc) at 3 wt.% cellulose. At 10% (w/w) GA, the tensile modulus and strength of regenerated cellulose from recycled cotton fibers increased five-fold in contrast to neat fibers without GA. The highest modulus and tenacity values of 664 cN/dtex and of 9.7 cN/dtex were reported for RC fibers containing GA.

scholarly journals Chemical and physical interactions of regenerated cellulose yarns and isocyanate-based matrix systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Ungerer ◽  
Ulrich Müller ◽  
Antje Potthast ◽  
Enrique Herrero Acero ◽  
Stefan Veigel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Tensile Force ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Hydrolytic Cleavage ◽  
Yarn Twist ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Physical And Chemical

AbstractIn the development of structural composites based on regenerated cellulose filaments, the physical and chemical interactions at the fibre-matrix interphase need to be fully understood. In the present study, continuous yarns and filaments of viscose (rayon) were treated with either polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI) or a pMDI-based hardener for polyurethane resins. The effect of isocyanate treatment on mechanical yarn properties was evaluated in tensile tests. A significant decrease in tensile modulus, tensile force and elongation at break was found for treated samples. As revealed by size exclusion chromatography, isocyanate treatment resulted in a significantly reduced molecular weight of cellulose, presumably owing to hydrolytic cleavage caused by hydrochloric acid occurring as an impurity in pMDI. Yarn twist, fibre moisture content and, most significantly, the chemical composition of the isocyanate matrix were identified as critical process parameters strongly affecting the extent of reduction in mechanical performance. To cope with the problem of degradative reactions an additional step using calcium carbonate to trap hydrogen ions is proposed.

scholarly journals Superbase-based protic ionic liquids for cellulose filament spinning

Cellulose ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherif Elsayed ◽  
Michael Hummel ◽  
Daisuke Sawada ◽  
Chamseddine Guizani ◽  
Marja Rissanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Fiber Spinning ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Protic Ionic Liquids ◽  
Rheological Characterization ◽  
Spinning Process

Abstract Lyocell fibers have received increased attention during the recent years. This is due to their high potential to satisfy the rising market demand for cellulose-based textiles in a sustainable way. Typically, this technology adopts a dry-jet wet spinning process, which offers regenerated cellulose fibers of excellent mechanical properties. Compared to the widely exploited viscose process, the lyocell technology fosters an eco-friendly process employing green direct solvents that can be fully recovered with low environmental impact. N-methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMMO) is a widely known direct solvent that has proven its success in commercializing the lyocell process. Its regenerated cellulose fibers exhibit higher tenacities and chain orientation compared to viscose fibers. Recently, protic superbase-based ionic liquids (ILs) have also been found to be suitable solvents for lyocell-type fiber spinning. Similar to NMMO, fibers of high mechanical properties can be spun from the cellulose-IL solutions at lower spinning temperatures. In this article, we study the different aspects of producing regenerated cellulose fibers using NMMO and relevant superbase-based ILs. The selected ILs are 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene-1-ium acetate ([DBNH]OAc), 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0] dec-5-enium acetate ([mTBDH]OAc) and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-enium acetate ([DBUH]OAc). All ILs were used to dissolve a 13 wt% (PHK) cellulose pulp. The study covers the fiber spinning process, including the rheological characterization of the various cellulose solutions. Moreover, we discuss the properties of the produced fibers such as mechanical performance, macromolecular properties and morphology. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Conductive Regenerated Cellulose Fibers for Multi-Functional Composites: Mechanical and Structural Investigation

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1746
Author(s):  
Zainab Al-Maqdasi ◽  
Roberts Joffe ◽  
Ayoub Ouarga ◽  
Nazanin Emami ◽  
Shailesh Singh Chouhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Plating Bath ◽  
Model Composite ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Functional Composites

Regenerated cellulose fibers coated with copper via electroless plating process are investigated for their mechanical properties, molecular structure changes, and suitability for use in sensing applications. Mechanical properties are evaluated in terms of tensile stiffness and strength of fiber tows before, during and after the plating process. The effect of the treatment on the molecular structure of fibers is investigated by measuring their thermal stability with differential scanning calorimetry and obtaining Raman spectra of fibers at different stages of the treatment. Results show that the last stage in the electroless process (the plating step) is the most detrimental, causing changes in fibers’ properties. Fibers seem to lose their structural integrity and develop surface defects that result in a substantial loss in their mechanical strength. However, repeating the process more than once or elongating the residence time in the plating bath does not show a further negative effect on the strength but contributes to the increase in the copper coating thickness, and, subsequently, the final stiffness of the tows. Monitoring the changes in resistance values with applied strain on a model composite made of these conductive tows show an excellent correlation between the increase in strain and increase in electrical resistance. These results indicate that these fibers show potential when combined with conventional composites of glass or carbon fibers as structure monitoring devices without largely affecting their mechanical performance.

scholarly journals Conductive Regenerated Cellulose Fibers by Electroless Plating

Fibers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab Al-Maqdasi ◽  
Abdelghani Hajlane ◽  
Abdelghani Renbi ◽  
Ayoub Ouarga ◽  
Shailesh Singh Chouhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Moisture Uptake ◽  
Copper Plating ◽  
Printed Wiring Boards ◽  
Electroless Copper Plating ◽  
Functional Composites ◽  
Electroless Copper ◽  
Advanced Applications

Continuous metalized regenerated cellulose fibers for advanced applications (e.g., multi-functional composites) are produced by electroless copper plating. Copper is successfully deposited on the surface of cellulose fibers using commercial cyanide-free electroless copper plating packages commonly available for the manufacturing of printed wiring boards. The deposited copper was found to enhance the thermal stability, electrical conductivity and resistance to moisture uptake of the fibers. On the other hand, the chemistry involved in plating altered the molecular structure of the fibers, as was indicated by the degradation of their mechanical performance (tensile strength and modulus).

Effect of Polyethylene Glycol in Nanocellulose/PLA Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 821 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Wanasorn Somphol ◽  
Thipjak Na Lampang ◽  
Paweena Prapainainar ◽  
Pongdhorn Sae-Oui ◽  
Surapich Loykulnant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Mediated Oxidation

Poly (lactic acid) or PLA was reinforced by nanocellulose and polyethylene glycol (PEG), which were introduced into PLA matrix from 0 to 3 wt.% to enhance compatibility and strength of the PLA. The nanocellulose was prepared by TEMPO-mediated oxidation from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) powder and characterized by TEM, AFM, and XRD to reveal rod-like shaped nanocellulose with nanosized dimensions, high aspect ratio and high crystallinity. Films of nanocellulose/PEG/PLA nanocomposites were prepared by solvent casting method to evaluate the mechanical performance. It was found that the addition of PEG in nanocellulose-containing PLA films resulted in an increase in tensile modulus with only 1 wt% of PEG, where higher PEG concentrations negatively impacted the tensile strength. Furthermore, the tensile strength and modulus of nanocellulose/PEG/PLA nanocomposites were higher than the PLA/PEG composites due to the existence of nanocellulose chains. Visual traces of crazing were detailed to describe the deformation mechanism.

Process-Induced Microstructure in Viscose and Lyocell Regenerated Cellulose Fibers Revealed by SAXS and SEM of Acid-Etched Samples

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aakash Sharma ◽  
Parnashri Wankhede ◽  
Roopali Samant ◽  
Shailesh Nagarkar ◽  
Shirish Thakre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose

scholarly journals Correction to “Recycling of Superbase-Based Ionic Liquid Solvents for the Production of Textile-Grade Regenerated Cellulose Fibers in the Lyocell Process”

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (49) ◽  
pp. 18345-18345
Author(s):  
Sherif Elsayed ◽  
Jussi Helminen ◽  
Sanna Hellsten ◽  
Chamseddine Guizani ◽  
Joanna Witos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose

scholarly journals Fabrication and Application of SERS-Active Cellulose Fibers Regenerated from Waste Resource

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2142
Author(s):  
Shengjun Wang ◽  
Jiaqi Guo ◽  
Yibo Ma ◽  
Alan X. Wang ◽  
Xianming Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Sers Substrate ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
Convenient Approach ◽  
Theoretical Simulations ◽  
Difference Time ◽  
Raman Probe

The flexible SERS substrate were prepared base on regenerated cellulose fibers, in which the Au nanoparticles were controllably assembled on fiber through electrostatic interaction. The cellulose fiber was regenerated from waste paper through the dry-jet wet spinning method, an eco-friendly and convenient approach by using ionic liquid. The Au NPs could be controllably distributed on the surface of fiber by adjusting the conditions during the process of assembling. Finite-difference time-domain theoretical simulations verified the intense local electromagnetic fields of plasmonic composites. The flexible SERS fibers show excellent SERS sensitivity and adsorption capability. A typical Raman probe molecule, 4-Mercaptobenzoicacid (4-MBA), was used to verify the SERS cellulose fibers, the sensitivity could achieve to 10−9 M. The flexible SERS fibers were successfully used for identifying dimetridazole (DMZ) from aqueous solution. Furthermore, the flexible SERS fibers were used for detecting DMZ from the surface of fish by simply swabbing process. It is clear that the fabricated plasmonic composite can be applied for the identifying toxins and chemicals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document