scholarly journals Formulation and Evaluation of Chitosan/NaCl/Maltodextrin Microparticles as a Saltiness Enhancer: Study on the Optimization of Excipients for the Spray-Drying Process

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 4302
Author(s):  
Shang-Ta Wang ◽  
Yi-Ying Lu ◽  
Min-Lang Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Waxy Starch ◽  
Dry Food ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Spray Dried

Spray-dried chitosan/NaCl/maltodextrin microparticles have the potential to be used to enhance saltiness; however, its notable hygroscopicity results in handling and storage problems, thus limiting its application. In the present study, we attempted to introduce maltodextrin, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and waxy starch (WS) as excipients into the spray drying formulation of microparticles to reduce the cohesiveness and caking behavior and improve the yield simultaneously by ameliorating the moisture absorption tendency. The prepared microparticles showed a spherical appearance and had particle sizes ranging from 6.29 to 7.64 μm, while the sizes of the NaCl crystals embedded in the microparticles were 0.36 to 1.24 μm. The crystalline reflections of WS and MCC were retained in the microparticles after the spray-drying process. The handling properties were assessed to be acceptable. The formulation with only maltodextrin as the excipient showed a high moisture absorption rate of 2.83 g/100 g·h and a caking strength of 3.27 kg. The addition of MCC and WS significantly reduced the hygroscopic rate and caking strength. The spray-dried products provided better saltiness perception than native NaCl; as such, they may be promising for seasoning dry food products to achieve sodium intake reduction in the food industry.

scholarly journals Freeze versus Spray Drying for Dry Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extract Formulations: The Impact of Gelatin as a Coating Material

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra A. Jovanović ◽  
Steva M. Lević ◽  
Vladimir B. Pavlovic ◽  
Smilja B. Markovic ◽  
Rada V. Pjanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Coating Agent ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Wild Thyme ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spray Dried

Freeze drying was compared with spray drying regarding feasibility to process wild thyme drug in order to obtain dry formulations at laboratory scale starting from liquid extracts produced by different extraction methods: maceration, heat-, ultrasound-, and microwave-assisted extractions. Higher powder yield (based on the dry weight prior to extraction) was achieved by freeze than spray drying and lower loss of total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) due to the drying process. Gelatin as a coating agent (5% w/w) provided better TPC recovery by 70% in case of lyophilization and higher powder yield in case of spray drying by diminishing material deposition on the wall of the drying chamber. The resulting gelatin-free and gelatin-containing powders carried polyphenols in amount ~190 and 53-75 mg gallic acid equivalents GAE/g of powder, respectively. Microwave-assisted extract formulation distinguished from others by higher content of polyphenols, proteins and sugars, higher bulk density and lower solubility. The type of the drying process affected mainly position of the gelatin-derived -OH and amide bands in FTIR spectra. Spray dried formulations compared to freeze dried expressed higher thermal stability as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry analysis and higher diffusion coefficient; the last feature can be associated with the lower specific surface area of irregularly shaped freeze-dried particles (151-223 µm) compared to small microspheres (~8 µm) in spray-dried powder.

On The Fabrication and Properties of a Ceramic Cladded Aluminium Powder Using the Spray Drying Process

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Comas ◽  
C. Mateus ◽  
B. Hansz ◽  
C. Coddet
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma Spraying ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Aluminium Powder ◽  
New Family ◽  
Spray Dried ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract A new family of spherical powders produced by the spray drying route has been developed. This paper describes as an example the manufacturing method of an Y203-coated aluminum powder. Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (APS) was used to test the corresponding coatings. Morphology and phases of powders and coatings were investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy while the level of porosity was evaluated using image analysis. Results show that homogenous composite coatings can be obtained from cladded spray dried powders.

Survival of Listeria monocytogenes During the Manufacture and Storage of Nonfat Dry Milk

1985 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 740-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL P. DOYLE ◽  
LOUISE M. MESKE ◽  
ELMER H. MARTH
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Dry Milk ◽  
Nonfat Dry Milk ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Moisture Resistant

The ability of Listeria monocytogenes to survive in skim milk during spray drying and to persist in nonfat dry milk during storage was examined. Concentrated (30% solids) and unconcentrated skim milks were inoculated with ca. 105 to 106 L. monocytogenes/ml and spray dried (inlet temperature, 165 ± 2°C; outlet temperature 67 ± 2°C) to a moisture content of 3.6 to 6.4%. The nonfat dry milk was packaged in moisture-resistant film and stored at 25°C for up to 16 wk. A reduction of ca. 1 to 1.5 log10 L. monocytogenes/g occurred during the spray drying process, irrespective of whether the milk was concentrated or not before spray drying. The organism progressively died during storage at 25°C, with a >4-log10 CFU/g decrease occurring within 16 wk of storage.

PROCESS SIMULATION OF PINEAPPLE JUICE SPRAY DRYING

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliyu Bello A. ◽  
Arshad Ahmad ◽  
Adnan Ripin
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Mass Transfer Model ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Pineapple Juice ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Heat Effects ◽  
Spray Dried

Pineapple juice is one of the known natural sources of bromelain, a bioactive compound beneficial to health. The dried powder has potential commercial value and is a convenient source of the juice drink. The quality of spray dried pineapple juice is dependent on the powder moisture content. Spray dried pineapple powders with low moisture contents were produced in a lab-scale spray dryer in this study.  Powder production of 25% of total solids were obtained by use of DE6 maltodextrin to solids ratio of 0.41:0.59. A heat and mass transfer model of the spray drying process was implemented in Matlab and solved to determine its predictive utility. The simulation results showed agreement with experimental data at high inlet air temperatures but widely diverged at other air temperatures. The error size in predicted product moisture varied from 73% at 165 oC to almost zero at 185 oC while that for the predicted exit air temperatures varied from about 38% to zero over the same temperature range.  Accuracy can be improved if transient heat effects, and sub models for the feed drying are included in the model.

scholarly journals Physical Characteristics of Cilostazol–Hydroxybenzoic Acid Cocrystals Prepared Using a Spray Drying Method

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 313
Author(s):  
Maho Urano ◽  
Megumi Kitahara ◽  
Kae Kishi ◽  
Eiichi Goto ◽  
Tatsuaki Tagami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Dihydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Drug Substances ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
As Solubility ◽  
Spray Dried

The cocrystal formation of pharmaceuticals can improve the various physical properties of drugs, such as solubility, without the need for chemical modification of the drug substances. In the present study, we prepared cocrystals of cilostazol and additive coformers (derivatives of hydroxybenzoic acid) using a spray drying method. Based on the preparation of the cocrystals of cilostazol and the coformers as reported previously, the characteristics of the cilostazol cocrystals prepared using solvent evaporation, slurry, and spray drying methods were compared. The physical characterization revealed that the spray drying method successfully produced cilostazol–4-hydroxybenzoic acid and cilostazol–2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid cocrystals, whereas samples of cocrystals of cilostazol and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid produced via the spray drying process appeared to contain coformer polymorphs. The dissolution of cilostazol was improved using the spray-dried cocrystal samples composed of coformers compared to samples prepared using cilostazol alone or a physical mixture. The present results provide useful information regarding the manufacture of cilostazol cocrystals and pharmaceutical cocrystals via spray drying in large-batch production.

scholarly journals Şeker İçeriği Yüksek Gıdaların Püskürtülerek Kurutulması: Ürün Kazanımı ve Toz Ürün Özelliklerinin Geliştirilmesi

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Koç ◽  
Figen Kaymak-Ertekin
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Spray Dryer ◽  
Powder Form ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Rich Liquid ◽  
Low Solubility

Spray drying is the most preferred drying method to produce powdered food in the food industry and it is also widely used to convert sugar-rich liquid foods to a powder form. During and/or after spray drying process of sugar-rich products, undesirable situation was appeared such as stickiness, high moisture affinity (hygroscopicity) and low solubility due to low molecular weight monosaccharides that found naturally in the structure. The basis of these problems was formed by low glass transition temperature of sugar-rich products. This review gives information about the difficulties in drying of sugar-rich products via spray dryer, actions need to be taken against these difficulties and drying of sugar-rich honey and fruit juices with spray drying method.

scholarly journals Freeze vs. Spray Drying for Dry Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extract Formulations: The Impact of Gelatin as a Coating Material

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3933
Author(s):  
Aleksandra A. Jovanović ◽  
Steva M. Lević ◽  
Vladimir B. Pavlović ◽  
Smilja B. Marković ◽  
Rada V. Pjanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Coating Agent ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Wild Thyme ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spray Dried

Freeze drying was compared with spray drying regarding feasibility to process wild thyme drugs in order to obtain dry formulations at laboratory scale starting from liquid extracts produced by different extraction methods: maceration and heat-, ultrasound-, and microwave-assisted extractions. Higher total powder yield (based on the dry weight prior to extraction) was achieved by freeze than spray drying and lower loss of total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) due to the drying process. Gelatin as a coating agent (5% w/w) provided better TPC recovery by 70% in case of lyophilization and higher total powder yield in case of spray drying by diminishing material deposition on the wall of the drying chamber. The resulting gelatin-free and gelatin-containing powders carried polyphenols in amount ~190 and 53–75 mg gallic acid equivalents GAE/g of powder, respectively. Microwave-assisted extract formulation was distinguished from the others by a higher content of polyphenols, proteins and sugars, higher bulk density and lower solubility. The type of the drying process mainly affected the position of the gelatin-derived -OH and amide bands in FTIR spectra. Spray-dried formulations compared to freeze-dried expressed higher thermal stability as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry analysis and a higher diffusion coefficient; the last feature can be associated with the lower specific surface area of irregularly shaped freeze-dried particles (151–223 µm) compared to small microspheres (~8 µm) in spray-dried powder.

scholarly journals Solvent-Assisted Secondary Drying of Spray-Dried Polymers

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly B. Shepard ◽  
April M. Dower ◽  
Alyssa M. Ekdahl ◽  
Michael M. Morgen ◽  
John M. Baumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Solid Dispersions ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Free Volume Theory ◽  
Residual Solvent ◽  
Secondary Drying ◽  
Spray Dried

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this work is to introduce solvent-assisted secondary drying, a method used to accelerate the residual solvent removal from spray dried materials. Spray-drying is used to manufacture amorphous solid dispersions, which enhance the bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) with low aqueous solubility. In the spray-drying process, API and excipients are co-dissolved in a volatile organic solvent, atomized into droplets through a nozzle, and introduced to a drying chamber containing heated nitrogen gas. The product dries rapidly to form a powder, but small amounts of residual solvent (typically, 1 to 10 wt%) remain in the product and must be removed in a secondary-drying process. For some spray-dried materials, secondary drying by traditional techniques can take days and requires balancing stability risks with process time. Methods Spray-dried polymers were secondary dried, comparing the results for three state-of-the-art methods that employed a jacketed, agitated-vessel dryer: (1) vacuum-only drying, (2) water-assisted drying, or (3) methanol-assisted drying. Samples of material were pulled at various time points and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and Karl Fischer (KF) titration to track the drying process. Results Model systems were chosen for which secondary drying is slow. For all cases studied, methanol-assisted drying outperformed the vacuum-only and water-assisted drying methods. Conclusions The observation that methanol-assisted drying is more effective than the other drying techniques is consistent with the free-volume theory of solvent diffusion in polymers.

Survival of Selected Organisms During Spray Drying of Skim Milk and Storage of Nonfat Dry Milk1

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. THOMPSON ◽  
L. G. HARMON ◽  
C. M. STINE
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Spray Dried

Pasteurized concentrated skim milk containing 35 to 40% total solids was inoculated with cultures of Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus flavus, or Escherichia coli to contain 1 × 106 organisms per g and spray-dried to determine the effect of exit air temperatures of 93.3, 82.2, and 71.1 C on survival of the organisms and moisture content of the finished product. The numbers of survivors increased as the drying temperature decreased. The percent survivors varied from 27.57 in the product made from milk inoculated with M. flavus and dried at 71.1 C to 0.02 in the product made from milk inoculated with E. coli and dried at 93.3 C. The organism most resistant to drying and most persistent during storage was B. subtilis, followed by M. flavus and E. coli, with the latter showing low survival during drying and abrupt die-off during the first 4 weeks of storage. The moisture content of the dry milks varied from 2.75 to 4.80% with low moisture associated with high drying temperature.

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