scholarly journals Ionic EAP Actuators with Electrodes Based on Carbon Nanomaterials

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4137
Author(s):  
Nikolay I. Alekseyev ◽  
Ivan K. Khmelnitskiy ◽  
Vagarshak M. Aivazyan ◽  
Anton P. Broyko ◽  
Andrey V. Korlyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Graphene Film ◽  
Noble Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Artificial Muscles ◽  
Metal Electrodes ◽  
Flexible Polymer

Flexible polymer-based actuators, often also called artificial muscles, are an essential part of biomimetic systems that mimic the movement principles of animal world creatures. The most used electrode material to force the actuator move is an ensemble of noble metal nanoparticles in the electroactive polymer surface. Noble metal electrodes have enough electrical conductivity and elasticity and are not subjected to oxidation. However, high cost of such electrodes and their tendency to cracking dictate the need for searching other materials, primarily carbon ones. The review considers several options for this search. For example, carbon nanotubes and graphene have excellent properties at the level of a single individually taken nanotube or graphene sheet. However, conservation of these properties in structurally imperfect film electrodes requires a separate study. In addition, there are problems of compatibility of such electrodes with the polymers that requires cumbersome technologies, e.g., hot pressing, which complicates the production of the actuator as a whole. The review concerns the technology options of manufacturing actuators and the results obtained on their basis, both including hot pressing and avoiding this procedure. In particular, the required level of the graphene oxide reduction in hydrazine provides sufficient adhesion at rather high electrical conductivity of the graphene film. The ability to simultaneous achieving these properties is a nontrivial result, providing the same level of actuation as with expensive noble metal electrodes. Actuators that additionally require greater lifetime resource should be obtained in other ways. Among them are using the graphdiyne electrodes and laser processing of the graphene electrodes.

Nanobiotechnology: Nature-inspired silver nanoparticles towards green synthesis

2021 ◽  
pp. 0958305X2198988
Author(s):  
Nur Syakirah Rabiha Rosman ◽  
Noor Aniza Harun ◽  
Izwandy Idris ◽  
Wan Iryani Wan Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Noble Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Current Application ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The emergence of technology to produce nanoparticles (1 nm – 100 nm in size) has drawn significant researchers’ interests. Nanoparticles can boost the antimicrobial, catalytic, optical, and electrical conductivity properties, which cannot be achieved by their corresponding bulk. Among other noble metal nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attained a special emphasis in the industry due to their superior physical, chemical, and biological properties, closely linked to their shapes, sizes, and morphologies. Proper knowledge of these NPs is essential to maximise the potential of biosynthesised AgNPs in various applications while mitigating risks to humans and the environment. This paper aims to critically review the global consumption of AgNPs and compare the AgNPs synthesis between conventional methods (physical and chemical) and current trend method (biological). Related work, advantages, and drawbacks are also highlighted. Pertinently, this review extensively discusses the current application of AgNPs in various fields. Lastly, the challenges and prospects of biosynthesised AgNPs, including application safety, oxidation, and stability, commercialisation, and sustainability of resources towards a green environment, were discussed.

scholarly journals Carbon nanomaterial hybrids via laser writing for high-performance non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors: a critical review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Simsek ◽  
Nongnoot Wongkaew
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metal ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Writing ◽  
Enzyme Mimicking ◽  
Natural Enzyme

AbstractNon-enzymatic electrochemical sensors possess superior stability and affordability in comparison to natural enzyme-based counterparts. A large variety of nanomaterials have been introduced as enzyme mimicking with appreciable sensitivity and detection limit for various analytes of which glucose and H2O2 have been mostly investigated. The nanomaterials made from noble metal, non-noble metal, and metal composites, as well as carbon and their derivatives in various architectures, have been extensively proposed over the past years. Three-dimensional (3D) transducers especially realized from the hybrids of carbon nanomaterials either with metal-based nanocatalysts or heteroatom dopants are favorable owing to low cost, good electrical conductivity, and stability. In this critical review, we evaluate the current strategies to create such nanomaterials to serve as non-enzymatic transducers. Laser writing has emerged as a powerful tool for the next generation of devices owing to their low cost and resultant remarkable performance that are highly attractive to non-enzymatic transducers. So far, only few works have been reported, but in the coming years, more and more research on this topic is foreseeable. Graphical abstract

An insight into the binding behavior of graphene oxide and noble metal nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (12) ◽  
pp. 125302
Author(s):  
Wajeeha Saeed ◽  
Zeeshan Abbasi ◽  
Shumaila Majeed ◽  
Sohail Anjum Shahzad ◽  
Abdul Faheem Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Noble Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Binding Behavior ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals Current Strategies for Noble Metal Nanoparticle Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giyaullah Habibullah ◽  
Jitka Viktorova ◽  
Tomas Ruml
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metal ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Metal Nanoparticle ◽  
Noble Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Gold And Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
The Past

AbstractNoble metals have played an integral part in human history for centuries; however, their integration with recent advances in nanotechnology and material sciences have provided new research opportunities in both academia and industry, which has resulted in a new array of advanced applications, including medical ones. Noble metal nanoparticles (NMNPs) have been of great importance in the field of biomedicine over the past few decades due to their importance in personalized healthcare and diagnostics. In particular, platinum, gold and silver nanoparticles have achieved the most dominant spot in the list, thanks to a very diverse range of industrial applications, including biomedical ones such as antimicrobial and antiviral agents, diagnostics, drug carriers and imaging probes. In particular, their superior resistance to extreme conditions of corrosion and oxidation is highly appreciated. Notably, in the past two decades there has been a tremendous advancement in the development of new strategies of more cost-effective and robust NMNP synthesis methods that provide materials with highly tunable physicochemical, optical and thermal properties, and biochemical functionalities. As a result, new advanced hybrid NMNPs with polymer, graphene, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots and core–shell systems have been developed with even more enhanced physicochemical characteristics that has led to exceptional diagnostic and therapeutic applications. In this review, we aim to summarize current advances in the synthesis of NMNPs (Au, Ag and Pt).

scholarly journals Exterior and Internal Uniform Loading of Pt Nanoparticles on Yolk-Shell La2O3 by Acoustic Levitation Synthesis with Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Qin ◽  
Qing Chang ◽  
Yinkai Yu ◽  
Hongjing Wu
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Shell Structure ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Noble Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Acoustic Levitation

By the deposition of noble metal nanoparticles on a metal oxide substrate with a specific micro-/nanostructure, namely, yolk-shell structure, a remarkable improvement in photocatalytic performance can be achieved by the composites. Nevertheless, noble metal nanoparticles only distribute on the surface shell of metal oxide substrates when the conventional wet-chemistry reduction approach is employed. Herein, we proposed a novel acoustic levitation synthesis of Pt nanoparticles deposited on yolk-shell La2O3. The composites not only displayed well-defined, homogeneous distribution of Pt NPs on the exterior shell of La2O3 and the interior La2O3 core, but an enhanced chemical interaction between Pt and La2O3. The unique structure not only can display improved photocatalytic degradation rate toward methyl orange, but also may show great potential in fields of hydrogen generation, environmental protection, etc. The novel acoustic levitation synthesis can supplement the methodology of synthesizing well dispersed noble metal oxides over the whole yolk-shell structure through noble metal NPs deposition method.

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