scholarly journals Properties of Particleboard from Oil Palm Biomasses Bonded with Citric Acid and Tapioca Starch

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 3494
Author(s):  
Radiah Zakaria ◽  
Paiman Bawon ◽  
Seng Hua Lee ◽  
Sabiha Salim ◽  
Wei Chen Lum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Tapioca Starch ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Oil Palm Biomass ◽  
Biomass Particles

The study investigated the effects of the addition of starch on the properties of oil palm biomass particleboard bonded with citric acid. Three kinds of oil palm biomasses were used in this study for the fabrication of particleboard, namely, oil palm frond (OPF), oil palm trunk (OPT), and empty fruit bunch (EFB) particles. Citric acid and tapioca starch at the mixing ratios of 100:0, 87.5:12.5, and 75:25 were prepared at a 60% solid content. A 30% resin content based on the oven-dried weight of the oil palm biomass particles was used. The sprayed particles were pre-dried at 80 °C for 12 h before being hot-pressed at 180 °C and 4 MPa pressure for 10 min. The physical and mechanical properties of the particleboard were evaluated. The mixtures of citric acid and tapioca starch were characterized by FTIR and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Changes in peak intensity could be observed, and the thermal stability of citric acid was reduced after the addition of tapioca starch. The addition of 12.5% tapioca starch improved the bending strength of the particleboard but increased the thickness swelling slightly. All UF-bonded particleboard exhibited significantly inferior performance than that of citric-acid-bonded particleboard. Citric-acid-bonded particleboard maintained its original shape after being subjected to a cyclic-aging treatment, while the UF-bonded particleboard disintegrated half way through the treatment. The performance of EFB particleboard was significantly inferior to its OPT and OPF counterparts.

Albizia richardiana King & Prain as a raw material for ply and particleboard

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-141
Author(s):  
Md. Rahaman ◽  
Khurshid Akhter ◽  
S. Hossain ◽  
Md. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Standard Specification ◽  
Press Temperature ◽  
Albizia Richardiana ◽  
German Standard ◽  
Press Time

Woods of Albizia richardiana has been studied for assessing the suitability for plywood and particleboard manufacture. It was found that 1.5 mm thick smooth and figured veneer can be peeled and dried easily. Three-ply plywood were made using veneer of this species bonded with liquid urea formaldehyde glue of 50% solid content extended with wheat flour and catalyzed (ammonium chloride) with 2% hardener under the three specific pressures, viz,1.05 N/mm2, 1.40 N/mm2, 1.76 N/mm2 in three replications at 6 minute press time and 120°C press temperature. Dry and wet shear test were conducted on the sample and their shear load at failure per unit area and percentage of wood failure were determined. 1.05 N/mm2 pressure for the manufacture of plywood was found to be the best. The physical and mechanical properties of Albizia richardiana wood particleboard were studied. The particleboards were tested for determining the strength and dimensional stability. The tensile strength 0.56N/mm2 passed the British and German standard specification, bending strength (modulus of rupture10.80N/mm2) was found nearest to Indian Standard but low German and British standard specification.

Peeling and Gluing Study of Khaya anthotheca for Ply and Particle Board

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-116
Author(s):  
Md. Rahaman ◽  
Khurshid Akhter ◽  
Md. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Shear Load ◽  
Particle Board ◽  
British Standard ◽  
Press Temperature ◽  
Press Time

Logs of Khaya anthotheca wood has been studied for assessing the suitability of plywood and particleboard manufacture. It was found that 1.5 mm thick smooth and figured veneer can be made and dried easily. Three-ply plywood were made using veneer of this species bonded with liquid urea formaldehyde glue of 50% solid content extended with wheat flour and catalyzed (ammonium chloride) with 2% hardener under the specific pressures, viz, 1.05 N/mm2, 1.40 N/mm2, 1.76 N/mm2 in three replications at 6 minute press time and 120°C press temperature. Dry and wet shear test were conducted on the sample and their shear load at failure per unit area and percentage of wood failure were determined. 1.05 N/mm2 pressure for the manufacture of ply wood was found to be the best. The physical and mechanical properties of K.anthotheca particleboard were studied. The particleboards were tested for determining the strength and dimensional stability. The tensile strength (internal bond strength 0.68 N/mm2) passed the German and British standard specifications; bending strength (modules of rupture 11.25 N/mm2) passed the Indian Standard but did not pass the German and British standard specifications.

Characterization of Hoop Pine (Araucaria Cunninghamii Sweet) for Ply and Particleboard Manufacture

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-146
Author(s):  
Md. Rahaman ◽  
Khurshid Akhter ◽  
M.W. Sheikh ◽  
R. Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
British Standard ◽  
Press Temperature ◽  
Hoop Pine ◽  
Araucaria Cunninghamii ◽  
Press Time

Studies for assessing the suitability of Hoop-pine (Araucaria cunninghamii) wood for plywood and particleboard manufacture. It was found that 1.5 mm thick smooth and figured veneer can be made and dried easily. Three-ply plywood were made using veneer of this species bonded with liquid urea formaldehyde glue of 50% solid content, extended with wheat flour and catalyzed (ammonium chloride) with 2% hardener under the specific pressures, viz, 1.05 N/mm2, 1.40 N/mm2, 1.76 N/mm2 in three replications at 6 minutes press time and 120°C press temperature. Dry and wet shear test were conducted on the sample and their shear load at failure per unit area and percentage of wood failure were determined. 1.40 N/mm2 pressure was found best for the manufacture of plywood. The physical and mechanical properties of hoop-pine particleboard were studied. The particleboards were tested for determining the strength and dimensional stability. The tensile strength passed the German and British standard specifications, bending strength found to nearest the Indian Standard but did not pass the German and British standard specifications.

Structure and properties of compact articles from high-alloyed iron powder with adding of boron nitride

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
B. O. Bolshakov ◽  
◽  
R. F. Galiakbarov ◽  
A. M. Smyslov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Wide Range

The results of the research of structure and properties of a composite compact from 13 Cr – 2 Мо and BN powders depending on the concentration of boron nitride are provided. It is shown that adding boron nitride in an amount of more than 2% by weight of the charge mixture leads to the formation of extended grain boundary porosity and finely dispersed BN layers in the structure, which provides a high level of wearing properties of the material. The effect of boron nitride concentration on physical and mechanical properties is determined. It was found that the introduction of a small amount of BN (up to 2 % by weight) into the compacts leads to an increase in plasticity, bending strength, and toughness by reducing the friction forces between the metal powder particles during pressing and a more complete grain boundary diffusion process during sintering. The formation of a regulated structure-phase composition of powder compacts of 13 Cr – 2 Mо – BN when the content of boron nitride changes in them allows us to provide the specified physical and mechanical properties in a wide range. The obtained results of studies of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the developed material allow us to reasonably choose the necessary composition of the powder compact for sealing structures of the flow part of steam turbines, depending on their operating conditions.

Economic and spatial planning for sustainable oil palm biomass resources to mitigate transboundary haze issue

Energy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sie Ting Tan ◽  
Haslenda Hashim ◽  
Ahmad H. Abdul Rashid ◽  
Jeng Shiun Lim ◽  
Wai Shin Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Oil Palm Biomass ◽  
Biomass Resources

scholarly journals Eco-Friendly, High-Density Fiberboards Bonded with Urea-Formaldehyde and Ammonium Lignosulfonate

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Petar Antov ◽  
Viktor Savov ◽  
Ľuboš Krišťák ◽  
Roman Réh ◽  
George I. Mantanis
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Density ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Formaldehyde Content ◽  
Uf Resin ◽  
Natural Wood ◽  
European Standards

The potential of producing eco-friendly, formaldehyde-free, high-density fiberboard (HDF) panels from hardwood fibers bonded with urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin and a novel ammonium lignosulfonate (ALS) is investigated in this paper. HDF panels were fabricated in the laboratory by applying a very low UF gluing factor (3%) and ALS content varying from 6% to 10% (based on the dry fibers). The physical and mechanical properties of the fiberboards, such as water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TS), modulus of elasticity (MOE), bending strength (MOR), internal bond strength (IB), as well as formaldehyde content, were determined in accordance with the corresponding European standards. Overall, the HDF panels exhibited very satisfactory physical and mechanical properties, fully complying with the standard requirements of HDF for use in load-bearing applications in humid conditions. Markedly, the formaldehyde content of the laboratory fabricated panels was extremely low, ranging between 0.7–1.0 mg/100 g, which is, in fact, equivalent to the formaldehyde release of natural wood.

scholarly journals Suitability of Hybrid Acacia Wood for Manufacturing Plywood and Particleboard

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Rahaman ◽  
K Akhter ◽  
D Biswas ◽  
MW Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Press Temperature ◽  
Natural Crossing ◽  
Press Time ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Hybrid acacia, produced from natural crossing between two introduced timber species Acacia mangium and A. auriculiformies has been studied for assessing the suitability of plywood and particleboard manufacture. It was found that 1.5 mm thick smooth and figured veneer can be made and dried easily. Three-ply plywood were made using veneer of this species bonded with liquid urea formaldehyde glue of 50% solid content extended with wheat flower and catalyzed (ammonium chloride) with 2% hardener under the specific pressures, viz., 1.05, 1.40 and 1.76 N/mm2 in three replications at 6 minute press time and 120°C press temperature. Dry and wet shear test were conducted on the sample and their shear load at failure per unit area and percentage of wood failure were determined. 1.76 N/mm2 pressure for the manufacture of ply wood is found to be the best. The particleboard was tested for determining the strength and dimensional stability. The bending strength passed the standard specification, tensile strength was found to be low as per Indian standard. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v36i2.12960 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 2, 171-176, 2012

scholarly journals Exploring the effect of cellulose nanowhiskers isolated from oil palm biomass on polylactic acid properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 370-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Mohamad Haafiz ◽  
Azman Hassan ◽  
H.P.S. Abdul Khalil ◽  
M.R. Nurul Fazita ◽  
Md. Saiful Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Cellulose Nanowhiskers ◽  
Acid Properties ◽  
Oil Palm Biomass
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