scholarly journals Biodegradable Binary and Ternary Complexes from Renewable Raw Materials

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2925
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Folentarska ◽  
Jakub Łagiewka ◽  
Magdalena Krystyjan ◽  
Wojciech Ciesielski

The aim of this paper is to investigate the interactions between polysaccharides with different electrical charges (anionic and neutral starches) and proteins and fats in food ingredients. Another objective is to understand the mechanisms of these systems and the interdependence between their properties and intermolecular interactions. At present, there are not many studies on ternary blends composed of natural food polymers: polysaccharides of different electrical charge (anionic and neutral starches), proteins and lipids. Additionally, there are no reports concerning what type of interactions between polysaccharide, proteins and lipids exist simultaneously when the components are mixed in different orders. This paper intends to fill this gap. It also presents the application of natural biopolymers in the food and non-food industries.

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Александр Львович Панасюк ◽  
Елена Ивановна Кузьмина ◽  
Олеся Сергеевна Егорова

В статье приведены аналитические данные о современном состоянии рынка натуральных пищевых ингредиентов в России и за рубежом. Отмечены тенденции увеличения потребительского спроса на органические товары и продукты, сделанные из натуральных ингредиентов, которые не только безвредны, но и полезны для здоровья человека. На сегодняшний день практически не существует пищевых продуктов, в составе которых отсутствуют красители. Известно, что натуральные пищевые красители в большинстве случаев не только безвредны, но и способны повышать пищевую и биологическую ценность окрашиваемого продукта. Антоцианы - одни из самых распространенных в природе пигментов. Они обладают антиоксидантными свойствами, капилляроукрепляющим действием, способностью останавливать провоспалительные медиаторы, предотвращать нейродегенеративные расстройства и связанную со старением потерю костной массы, оказывают благоприятное влияние на состояние сердечно-сосудистой системы человека. Самым распространенным источником антоцианов является темноокрашенное растительное сырье. Наибольшее количество антоцианов содержат плоды красного винограда, черноплодной рябины, черники, черной смородины, бузины, вишни, ежевики, малины и краснокочанной капусты. Плоды и ягоды, как сырье для промышленной переработки, используются для получения разнообразной продукции, в том числе различных типов вин, крепких напитков и соков, в процессе производства которых образуются вторичные сырьевые ресурсы. Выжимки, получаемые при производстве соков и винодельческой продукции из темноокрашенных плодов, богаты антоцианами и также могут служить ценным источником для получения красных пищевых красителей. Представлен обзор отечественных и зарубежных источников, содержащих сведения о современных методах экстракции красящих пигментов из антоциансодержащего растительного сырья и его отходов в пищевой промышленности. Отмечено, что производство натуральных красителей требует специального подхода, совершенствования технологий и производственных процессов. Поиск источников натуральных красителей, разработка новых технологий производства и совершенствование существующих являются актуальными направлениями исследований в этой области. The article provides analytical data on the current state of the market for natural food ingredients in Russia and abroad. The tendencies of an increase in consumer demand for organic goods and products made from natural ingredients, which are not only harmless, but also beneficial to human health, are noted. Today, there are practically no food products that do not contain colors. It is known that natural food colors are not only harmless in most cases, but also capable of increasing the nutritional and biological value of the clored product. Anthocyanins are one of the most common pigments in nature. They have antioxidant properties, a capillary-strengthening effect, the ability to stop pro-inflammatory mediators, prevent neurodegenerative disorders and bone loss associated with aging, and have a beneficial effect on the state of the human cardiovascular system. The most common source of anthocyanins is dark-colored plant materials. The largest number of anthocyanins is contained in the fruits of red grapes, chokeberry, blueberries, black currants, elderberries, cherries, blackberries, raspberries and red cabbage. Fruits and berries, as raw materials for industrial processing, are used to obtain a variety of products, including various types of wines, spirits and juices, in the production process of which secondary raw materials are formed. The pomace obtained in the production of juices and wine products from dark-colored fruits is rich in anthocyanins and can also serve as a valuable source for obtaining red food colors. A review of domestic and foreign sources containing information on modern methods of extraction of coloring pigments from anthocyanin-containing plant raw materials and its waste in the food industry is presented. It is noted that the production of natural colors requires a special approach, improvement of technologies and production processes. The search for sources of natural colors, the development of new production technologies and the improvement of existing ones are relevant areas of research in this area.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Fermanto Fermanto ◽  
Muhammad Athoillah Sholahuddin

Food additives or food additives is one of the ingredients that are commonly used by humans to improve the taste, texture, appearance and color of food. Food additives are often used. The use of food additives or food additives aims to improve the quality of the final product and increase the shelf life of food ingredients. Food additives can be synthetic or derived from plants or animals, and they have been grouped by the World Health Organization and the Food and Agricultural Organization into three broad categories (flavor enhancers, enzymes and others), based on their function. However, at present the majority of people use food additives to the food excessively, thus creating a risk to health. Limit consuming food additives need to be considered when using it to be safe and not cause health problems. In addition, the majority of the food additive industry uses raw materials for food additives in the form of synthetic or artificial products so that if consumed in excess is harmful to health. One solution to reduce the consumption of synthetic food additives is to use natural food additives or natural food additives which when used are considered safe for consumption and certainly good for health


2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
L.N. Fedyanina ◽  
◽  
E.S. Smertina ◽  
V.A. Lyakh ◽  
A.E. Elizarova ◽  
...  

The article considers the problem of improving the range of confectionery from the standpoint of use plant materials of satisfaction by consumer demand in dieteticpreventive foods. The analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature on promising directions of improving the range of dietetic-preventive confectionery is given. It is noted that in the recipes for flour confectionery introduced from non-traditional raw materials containing dietary fiber.


2020 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
M.E. Sharanda ◽  
◽  
E.A. Bondarenko ◽  

Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are important representatives of polyols. On an industrial scale, they are obtained from petrochemical raw materials. Within a decade, significant efforts were made for the producing of polyols from biologically renewable raw materials - carbohydrates. The general trend for carbohydrate hydrogenolysis includes application of liquid-phase process with the use of modified metal-oxide catalysts, at 120-120 ° C and pressure of 3MPa or above. So high pressure is used for the reason to increase hydrogen solubility, and also due to the high partial pressure of low boiling solvents. We supposed that usage of high boiling solvents could allow hydrogenolysis to be performed at the lower pressure. Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are of particular interest as such kind of solvent since they are both the main products of glucose hydrogenolysis. In this work, the process of hydrogenolysis of glucose and fructose over Cu / MgO-ZrO2 catalyst have been studied at temperature range of 160-200 °C and a pressure of 0.1-0.3 MPa in a flow reactor. The solvents were simultaneously the target products of the reaction - ethylene glycol and / or propylene glycol. Gas chromatography and 13C NMR were used for the reaction products identification. It was found that the solubility of glucose in propylene glycol is 21 % by weight, and in ethylene glycol 62% by weight. It was pointed out that the process of hydrogenolysis can take place at a pressure close to atmospheric. Under these conditions, the conversion of hexoses reaches 96-100 %. The reaction products are preferably propylene glycol and ethylene glycol. The total selectivity for C3-2 polyols is 90-94 %, that is higher than in the hydrogenolysis of glucose in aqueous solution.


Author(s):  
N. S. Levgerova ◽  
Е. S. Salina ◽  
I. А. Sidorova

The results of the technological assessment of new apple, cherry, black currant, red currant and gooseberry cultivars of VNIISPK breeding for the suitability for the natural food production are given. As a result, the cultivars that are promising for cultivation in raw plantings have been selected. For the production of raw materials in the juice industry, apple cultivars with a high juice yield and content of soluble solids higher than 10.0% were selected: ‘Bolotovskoye’ (Vf), ‘Candil Orlovsky’ (Vf), ‘Osipovskoye’ (3x), ‘Rozhdestvenskoye’ ((Vf + 3x), ‘Zaryanka’ (Vm), ‘Priokskoye’ ((Vf + Co), etc. Based on the long-term study of cultivars for their suitability for compote, jam and jelly, the cultivars that are most suitable for these types of processing are identified. It has been found that taking into account the daily needs of vitamins C and P as the most important antioxidants, all processed products from black currant can serve as their sources, all processed products from cherries, as well as apple juice and gooseberry marmalade can serve as a source of P-active compounds. All columnar apple cultivars as well as ‘Bolotovskoye’, ‘Rozhdestvenskoye’, ‘Veteran’, ‘Imrus’, etc. show high suitability for the production of apple chips. Cherry cultivars ‘Rovesnitsa’, ‘Putinka’, ‘Podarok Uchitelyam’ and ‘Novella’ are suitable for dried fruit. Based on the long-term studies of the technological qualities of the VNIISPK gene pool, a new generation assortment has been formed that has an optimal combination of chemical and technological indicators of fruits that meet modern technological requirements and are suitable for cultivation in the raw plantations of Central Russia.


1993 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 1103-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed M. Shoukry ◽  
Eman M. Shoukry

The formation constants of the binary and ternary complexes of palladium(II) with diethylenetriamine and amino acids as ligands have been determined potentiometrically at 25 °C in 0.1 M NaNO3 solution. The relative stability of each ternary complex was compared with that of the corresponding binary complexes in terms of ∆logK values. The mode of chelation was ascertained by conductivity measurements.


Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1586
Author(s):  
Jessika N. Humerez-Flores ◽  
Sarah H. E. Verkempinck ◽  
Clare Kyomugasho ◽  
Paula Moldenaers ◽  
Ann M. Van Loey ◽  
...  

In the context of the increasing interest in natural food ingredients, the emulsifying and emulsion-stabilizing properties of three rhamnogalacturonan-rich apple pectin-derived samples were assessed by evaluating a range of physicochemical properties. An apple pectin (AP74) was structurally modified by a β-eliminative reaction to obtain a RG-I-rich pectin sample (AP-RG). Subsequent acid hydrolysis of AP-RG led to the generation of pectin material with partially removed side chains (in particular arabinose depleted) (AP-RG-hydrolyzed), thus exhibiting differences in rhamnose, arabinose, and galactose in comparison to AP-RG. All samples exhibited surface activity to some extent, especially under acidic conditions (pH 2.5). Furthermore, the viscosity of the samples was assessed in relation to their emulsion-stabilizing properties. In a stability study, it was observed that the non-degraded AP74 sample at pH 2.5 exhibited the best performance among all the apple pectin-derived samples evaluated. This emulsion presented relatively small oil droplets upon emulsion production and was less prone to creaming than the emulsions stabilized by the (lower molecular weight) RG-I-rich materials. The AP-RG and AP-RG-hydrolyzed samples presented a slightly better emulsion stability at pH 6.0 than at pH 2.5. Yet, neither pectin sample was considered having good emulsifying and emulsion-stabilizing properties, indicated by the presence of coalesced and flocculated oil droplets.


Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 758
Author(s):  
Verónica García Arteaga ◽  
Sonja Kraus ◽  
Michael Schott ◽  
Isabel Muranyi ◽  
Ute Schweiggert-Weisz ◽  
...  

Pea protein concentrates and isolates are important raw materials for the production of plant-based food products. To select suitable peas (Pisum sativum L.) for protein extraction for further use as food ingredients, twelve different cultivars were subjected to isoelectric precipitation and spray drying. Both the dehulled pea flours and protein isolates were characterized regarding their chemical composition and the isolates were analyzed for their functional properties, sensory profiles, and molecular weight distributions. Orchestra, Florida, Dolores, and RLPY cultivars showed the highest protein yields. The electrophoretic profiles were similar, indicating the presence of all main pea allergens in all isolates. The colors of the isolates were significantly different regarding lightness (L*) and red-green (a*) components. The largest particle size was shown by the isolate from Florida cultivar, whereas the lowest was from the RLPY isolate. At pH 7, protein solubility ranged from 40% to 62% and the emulsifying capacity ranged from 600 to 835 mL g−1. The principal component analysis revealed similarities among certain pea cultivars regarding their physicochemical and functional properties. The sensory profile of the individual isolates was rather similar, with an exception of the pea-like and bitter attributes, which were significantly different among the isolates.


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