scholarly journals Glass Transition in Rice Pasta as Observed by Combined Neutron Scattering and Time-Domain NMR

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2426
Author(s):  
Magdalena Witek ◽  
Maciej Krzystyniak ◽  
Giovanni Romanelli ◽  
Teresa Witczak
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Compton Scattering ◽  
Polymer Structure ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Neutron Transmission ◽  
Experimental Protocols ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Average Sample

Experimental protocols aiming at the characterisation of glass transition often suffer from ambiguity. The ambition of the present study is to describe the glass transition in a complex, micro heterogeneous system, the dry rice pasta, in a most unambiguous manner, minimising the influence of technique-specific bias. To this end, we apply an unprecedented combination of experimental techniques. Apart from the usually used NMR and DSC, we employ, in a concurrent manner, neutron transmission, diffraction, and Compton scattering. This enables us to investigate the glass transition over a range of spatio-temporal scales that stretches over seven orders of magnitude. The results obtained by neutron diffraction and DSC reveal that dry rice pasta is almost entirely amorphous. Moreover, the glass transition is evidenced by neutron transmission and diffraction data and manifested as a significant decrease of the average sample number density in the temperature range between 40 and 60 °C. At the microscopic level, our NMR, neutron transmission and Compton scattering results provide evidence of changes in the secondary structure of the starch within the dry rice pasta accompanying the glass transition, whereby the long-range order provided by the polymer structure within the starch present in the dry rice pasta is partially lost.

scholarly journals Design of SkSP-R Variables Sampling Plans

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aslam ◽  
Saminathan Balamurali ◽  
Chi-Hyuck Jun ◽  
Batool Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Optimization ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Sampling Plan ◽  
Producer’S Risk ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Sampling Plans ◽  
Average Sample Number ◽  
Nonlinear Optimization Problem ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Average Sample

In this paper, we present the designing of the skip-lot sampling plan including the re-inspection  called SkSP-R. The plan parameters of the proposed plan are determined through a  nonlinear optimization problem by minimizing the average sample number satisfying both the producer's risk and the consumer's risks. The proposed plan is shown to perform better than the existing sampling plans in terms of the average sample number. The application of the proposed plan is explained with the help of illustrative examples.

scholarly journals Mixed Variables-Attributes Test Plans for Single and Double Acceptance Sampling under Exponential Distribution

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Xiaolong Pu ◽  
Dongdong Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Exponential Distribution ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Acceptance Sampling ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Sampling Plans ◽  
Average Sample Number ◽  
Mixed Variables ◽  
Average Sample

The mixed variables-attributes test plans for single acceptance sampling are proposed to protect “good lots” from attributes aspect and to optimize sample sizes from variables aspect. For the single and double mixed plans, exact formulas of the operating characteristic and average sample number are developed for the exponential distribution. Numerical illustrations show that the mixed sampling plans have some advantages over the variables plans or attributes plans alone.

Optimal designing of SkSP-2 skip-lot sampling plan for normally distributed quality characteristics

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 2240-2248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saminathan Balamurali ◽  
Jambulingam Subramani
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Plan ◽  
Quality Characteristic ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Optimal Plan ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Sampling Plans ◽  
Sampling Schemes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Optimal Designing ◽  
Average Sample

Skip-lot sampling plans have been widely used in industries to reduce the inspection efforts on products that have an excellent quality history. These skip-lot sampling schemes are economically advantageous and useful to minimize the cost of the inspection of the final lots. Also, the skip-lot concept is sound and useful in the design of sampling plans. In this paper, we propose a designing methodology to determine the optimal parameters of a skip-lot sampling plan of type SkSP-2 when the quality characteristic under study follows a normal distribution. The optimal plan parameters are determined to minimize the average sample number subject to satisfying the producer’s and consumer’s risks simultaneously at the acceptable and limiting quality levels, respectively. An optimization problem is formulated in order to construct tables for determining the optimal parameters of the proposed sampling plan for both known and unknown standard deviation cases and the results are compared with the variables single sampling plans.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal heterogeneities in nanosegregated single-molecule polymeric nanoparticles

Soft Matter ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 4584-4590
Author(s):  
Petra Bačová ◽  
Emmanouil Glynos ◽  
Spiros H. Anastasiadis ◽  
Vagelis Harmandaris
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Nanoparticles with nanosegregated, dynamically heterogeneous domains can be designed by combining incompatible dynamically asymmetric polymers of different glass transition temperature in a mikto-arm architecture.

scholarly journals Retrieval of height-temporal distributions of particle parameters from multiwavelength lidar measurements using linear estimation technique and comparison results with AERONET

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 3059-3088 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Veselovskii ◽  
D. N. Whiteman ◽  
M. Korenskiy ◽  
A. Kolgotin ◽  
O. Dubovik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Effective Radius ◽  
Linear Estimation ◽  
Estimation Technique ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Volume Number ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
Particle Parameters ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Multiwavelength Lidar

Abstract. The results of application of the linear estimation technique to multiwavelength Raman lidar measurements performed during the summer of 2011 in Greenbelt, MD, USA are presented. We demonstrate that multiwavelength lidars are capable not only of providing vertical profiles of particle properties but also of revealing the spatio-temporal evolution of aerosol features. The night-time 3β + 1α lidar measurements on 21 and 22 July were inverted to spatio-temporal distributions of particle microphysical parameters, such as volume, number density, effective radius and the complex refractive index. The particle volume and number density show strong variation during the night while the effective radius remains approximately constant. The real part of the refractive index demonstrates a slight decreasing tendency in a region of enhanced extinction coefficient. The linear estimation retrievals are stable and provide 2 min resolution time series of particle parameters at different heights. AERONET observations are compared with multiwavelength lidar retrievals showing good agreement.

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