scholarly journals Hybrid Silica-Based Fillers in Nanocomposites: Influence of Isotropic/Isotropic and Isotropic/Anisotropic Fillers on Mechanical Properties of Styrene-Butadiene (SBR)-Based Rubber

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2413
Author(s):  
Mariapaola Staropoli ◽  
Vincent Rogé ◽  
Enzo Moretto ◽  
Joffrey Didierjean ◽  
Marc Michel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Precipitated Silica ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

The improvement of mechanical properties of polymer-based nanocomposites is usually obtained through a strong polymer–silica interaction. Most often, precipitated silica nanoparticles are used as filler. In this work, we study the synergetic effect occurring between dual silica-based fillers in a styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)/polybutadiene (PBD) rubber matrix. Precipitated Highly Dispersed Silica (HDS) nanoparticles (10 nm) have been associated with spherical Stöber silica nanoparticles (250 nm) and anisotropic nano-Sepiolite. By imaging filler at nano scale through Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy, we have shown that anisotropic fillers align only in presence of a critical amount of HDS. The dynamic mechanical analysis of rubber compounds confirms that this alignment leads to a stiffer nanocomposite when compared to Sepiolite alone. On the contrary, spherical 250 nm nanoparticles inhibit percolation network and reduce the nanocomposite stiffness.

scholarly journals Influence of Eco-Friendly Processing Aids on Silica-Based Rubber Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7244
Author(s):  
Sung Ho Song
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Dispersing Agent ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Processing Aids

As eco-friendly “green tires” are being developed in the tire industry, conventionally used carbon black is being replaced with silica in rubber compounds. Generally, as a lubricant and dispersing agent, processing aids containing zinc ions have been employed as additives. However, as zinc is a heavy metal, alternative eco-friendly processing aids are required to satisfy worldwide environmental concerns. Furthermore, non-toxic, degradable, and renewable processing aids are required to improve the mechanical properties of the rubber composites. In this study, we evaluated the effects of diverse silica-based processing aids containing hydrocarbon, benzene, and hydroxyl functional groups on the mechanical properties of rubber composites. Among them, rubber composites that used amphiphilic terpene phenol resin (TPR) with hydrophilic silica showed compatibility with the hydrophobic rubber matrix and were revealed to improve the mechanical and fatigue properties. Furthermore, owing to the enhanced dispersion of silica in the rubber matrix, the TPR/styrene butadiene rubber composites exhibited enhanced wet grip and rolling resistance. These results indicated that TPR had multifunctional effects at low levels and has the potential for use as a processing aid in silica-based rubber composites in tire engineering applications.

scholarly journals Hybrid Interface in Sepiolite Rubber Nanocomposites: Role of Self-Assembled Nanostructure in Controlling Dissipative Phenomena

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elkid Cobani ◽  
Irene Tagliaro ◽  
Marco Geppi ◽  
Luca Giannini ◽  
Philippe Leclère ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Resonance Analysis ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
The Impact

Sepiolite (Sep)–styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) nanocomposites were prepared by using nano-sized sepiolite (NS-SepS9) fibers, obtained by applying a controlled surface acid treatment, also in the presence of a silane coupling agent (NS-SilSepS9). Sep/SBR nanocomposites were used as a model to study the influence of the modified sepiolite filler on the formation of immobilized rubber at the clay-rubber interface and the role of a self-assembled nanostructure in tuning the mechanical properties. A detailed investigation at the macro and nanoscale of such self-assembled structures was performed in terms of the organization and networking of Sep fibers in the rubber matrix, the nature of both the filler–filler and filler–rubber interactions, and the impact of these features on the reduced dissipative phenomena. An integrated multi-technique approach, based on dynamic measurements, nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, and morphological investigation, assessed that the macroscopic mechanical properties of clay nanocomposites can be remarkably enhanced by self-assembled filler structures, whose formation can be favored by manipulating the chemistry at the hybrid interfaces between the clay particles and the polymers.

Starch/SBR Biocomposites Prepared by Solid Blend Method: Effect of Surface Modification and Coupling Agent

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 1076-1080
Author(s):  
Mei Chun Li ◽  
Xin Ge ◽  
Jong Hyuk Lim ◽  
Min Su Kim ◽  
Ur Ryong Cho
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Ceric Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Method Effect ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Effect Of Surface

Starch/Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) biocomposites were prepared by directly blending of starch and SBR on a two-roll miller. Two types of starch: pure starch and modified starch (M-starch) were used as rubber fillers. M-starch were synthesized by grafting of methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer onto starch backbone using ceric ammonium nitrate-initiated radical polymerization. Coupling agent styrene-g-(maleic anhydride) (SMA) was used to further improve the interfacial interaction between the filler and rubber matrix. The morphology and mechanical properties of unmodified starch/SBR and M-starch/SBR biocomposites with SMA content of 0, 1, 3, and 5 phr were investigated. SEM observations showed the particle size of M-starch decreased and their dispersion in the SBR matrix significantly improved than unmodified starch. Mechanical properties of M-starch/SBR biocomposites were superior than those of unmodified starch/SBR biocomposites.

Processibility and Mechanical Properties of Mullite-Filled Styrene Butadiene Rubber Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 401-410
Author(s):  
Qiong Qiong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Silane Coupling Agent ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Precipitated Silica ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Silane Coupling ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Reinforcing Filler

Mullite (3A12O3·2SiO2) is an aluminosilicate ceramic of great technological importance. We investigated its potential as fillers in rubber. Mullites untreated or treated with 3% γ-mecapto-propyltrimethoxysilane (A-189) were added into styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) materials on a laboratory-sized two-roll mill. For comparison, commercial precipitated silica was also used. The effect of these fillers on the cure characteristics, processibility and mechanical properties of SBR at various loadings, ranging from 0 to 50 phr was investigated. The results showed that mullite was a semi-reinforcing filler for SBR materials and exhibits better overall cure properties, lower Mooney viscosity, lower tensile set, better resilience as compared to precipitated silica, while it is inferior to precipitated silica especially with regard to tensile strength, tear strength and abrasion resistance. The presence of the silane coupling agent can enhance mechanical properties of filled SBR vulcanizates to some extent.

scholarly journals Investigation of Epoxidized Palm Oils as Green Processing Aids and Activators in Rubber Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
DongJu Lee ◽  
Sung Ho Song
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Green Processing ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Heat Buildup

Epoxidized palm oil (EPO) is environmentally friendly, biodegradable, and a relatively less costly processing aid. In this study, we investigated the suitability of EPO in place of aromatic processing oils in styrene butadiene rubber. The curing properties, mechanical properties, abrasion resistance, and heat buildup properties of rubber composites with EPO were compared with those of the standard with aromatic oils. The rubber composites with EPO showed enhanced mechanical properties including modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break. This is ascribed to the improved dispersion of fillers in the rubber matrix and interaction between the filler and the polymer. Furthermore, EPO in the rubber matrix showed remarkable abrasion resistance, rebound resilience, and heat buildup at low loadings. EPO in a rubber composite presents feasibility as a renewable raw material that can serve as an alternative to petrochemical oils in various applications.

Mechanical properties and morphologies of polypropylene composites synergistically reinforced-toughened by styrene–butadiene rubber and graphene oxide nanosheets

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-431
Author(s):  
Zhengjun Wang ◽  
Yi Guo ◽  
Lei Yan ◽  
Jun Bian ◽  
Hongcai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetric ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
The Impact

Chemically reduced graphene (C- rGO) nanosheets were first prepared from graphene oxide (GO), and then the polypropylene (PP) composites synergistically reinforced–toughened by styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR), and C- rGO nanosheets were fabricated via melt blending. The mechanical properties of PP can be considerably improved by synergistically filling with C- rGO nanosheets and SBR, especially for the notched Izod impact strength (IS). The results from the X-ray diffraction, polarizing optical micrographs, scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimetric, dynamic mechanical analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis measurements reveal that: (1) the β-phase crystal structure of the PP is formed when the C- rGO and SBR are synergistically filled with PP and its formation plays a role for the enhancement of the impact strength for PP/SBR/C- rGO composites; (2) the dispersion of the C- rGO and SBR in the PP/SBR/C- rGO composites is homogeneous, indicating that synergistic incorporating method decreases the aggregation of nanosheets and thus increases the sites for dissipation of shock for impact energy in the PP/SBR/C- rGO composites; and (3) the thermal analysis shows high thermal stability for the PP/SBR/C- rGO composites.

scholarly journals Influence of Treated Distillate Aromatic Extract (TDAE) Content and Addition Time on Rubber-Filler Interactions in Silica Filled SBR/BR Blends

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 698
Author(s):  
Selin Sökmen ◽  
Katja Oßwald ◽  
Katrin Reincke ◽  
Sybill Ilisch
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Binary Blends ◽  
Rubber Layer ◽  
Processing Aids ◽  
Rubber Filler

High compatibility and good rubber–filler interactions are required in order to obtain high quality products. Rubber–filler and filler–filler interactions can be influenced by various material factors, such as the presence of processing aids. Although different processing aids, especially the plasticizers, and their effects on compatibility have been investigated in the literature, their influence on rubber–filler interactions in highly active filler reinforced mixtures is not explicit and has not been investigated in depth. For this purpose, the influence of treated distillate aromatic extract (TDAE) oil content and its addition time on interactions between silica and rubber chains were investigated in this study. Rubber–filler and filler–filler interactions of uncured and cured silica-filled SBR/BR blends were characterized by using rubber layer L concept and dynamic mechanical analysis, whereas mechanical properties were studied by tensile test and Shore A hardness. Five parts per hundred rubber (phr) TDAE addition at 0, 1.5, and 3 min of mixing were characterized to investigate the influence of TDAE addition time on rubber–filler interactions. It was observed that addition time of TDAE can influence the development of bounded rubber structure and the interfacial interactions, especially at short time of mixing, less than 5 min. Oil addition with silica at 1.5 min of mixing resulted in fast rubber layer development and a small reduction in storage shear modulus of uncured blends. The influence of oil content on rubber–filler and filler–filler interactions were investigated for the binary blends without oil, with 5 and 20 phr TDAE content. The addition of 5 phr oil resulted in a slight increase in rubber layer and 0.05 MPa reduction in Payne effect of uncured blends. The storage tensile modulus of vulcanizates at small strains decreased from 13.97 to 8.28 MPa after oil addition. Twenty parts per hundred rubber (phr) oil addition to binary blends caused rubber layer L to decrease from 0.45 to 0.42. The storage tensile modulus of the vulcanizates and its reduction with higher amplitudes were incontrovertibly high among the vulcanizates with lower oil content, which were 13.57 and 4.49 MPa, respectively. When any consequential change in mechanical properties of styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR)/butadiene rubber (BR) blends could not be observed at different TDAE addition time, increasing amount of oil in blends enhanced elongation at break, and decreased Shore A hardness and tensile strength.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Impact on the Mechanical Properties of Modification of Oligohydroxyethers in Organic Solvent Solution with Rubbers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 519
Author(s):  
Vitalii Bezgin ◽  
Agata Dudek ◽  
Adam Gnatowski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
The Impact

This paper proposes and presents the chemical modification of linear hydroxyethers (LHE) with different molecular weights (380, 640, and 1830 g/mol) with the addition of three types of rubbers (polysulfide rubber (PSR), polychloroprene rubber (PCR), and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)). The main purpose of choosing this type of modification and the materials used was the possibility to use it in industrial settings. The modification process was conducted for a very wide range of modifier additions (rubber) per 100 g LHE. The materials obtained in the study were subjected to strength tests in order to determine the effect of the modification on functional properties. Mechanical properties of the modified materials were improved after the application of the modifier (rubber) to polyhydroxyether (up to certain modifier content). The most favorable changes in the tested materials were registered in the modification of LHE-1830 with PSR. In the case of LHE-380 and LHE-640 modified in cyclohexanol (CH) and chloroform (CF) solutions, an increase in the values of the tested properties was also obtained, but to a lesser extent than for LHE-1830. The largest changes were registered for LHE-1830 with PSR in CH solution: from 12.1 to 15.3 MPa for compressive strength tests, from 0.8 to 1.5 MPa for tensile testing, from 0.8 to 14.7 MPa for shear strength, and from 1% to 6.5% for the maximum elongation. The analysis of the available literature showed that the modification proposed by the authors has not yet been presented in any previous scientific paper.

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