scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of a New Nanocomposite Film Based on Polyvinyl Alcohol Polymer and Nitro Blue Tetrazolium Dye as a Low Radiation Dosimeter in Medical Diagnostics Application

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1815
Author(s):  
Saleh Alashrah ◽  
Yassine El-Ghoul ◽  
Mohammed Ahmed Ali Omer
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Nanocomposite Film ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Nitro Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Diagnostic Radiology ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium

Dosimetry is a field of increasing importance in diagnostic radiology. There has been a realization among healthcare professionals that the dose of radiation received by patients via modern medical X-ray examinations could induce acute damage to the skin and eyes. The present study highlights the synthesis of polyvinyl alcohol/nitro blue tetrazolium nanocomposite films (PVA/NBT) for radiation detection depending on chromic, optical, chemical and morphologic changes. First, we synthesized the nanocomposite film-based PVA doped with NBT and the different parameters of the preparation procedure were optimized. Then The films were exposed to different low X-ray doses on the scale of mGy level (0, 2, 4, 10 and 20 mGy). The sensitivity and the performance of the made composite films were evaluated via different characterization methods. Indeed, the response curve based on UV-Vis absorptions revealed a linear increase in absorbance with increased radiation doses (R = 0.998). FTIR analysis showed a clear chemical modification in recorded spectra after irradiation. X-ray diffraction assessment revealed clear structural changes in crystallinity after ionization treatment. SEM analysis showed a clear morphological modification of PVA/NBT films after irradiation. In addition, the prepared PVA/NBT films exhibited excellent pre- and post-irradiation stability in dark and light. Finally, the quantitative colorimetry study confirmed the performance of the prepared films and the different colorimetric coordinates, the total color difference (∆E) and the color strength (K/S) showed a linear increase with increasing X-ray doses. The made nanocomposite PVA/NBT film might offer promising potential for an effective highly sensitive medical dosimeter applied for very low doses in X-ray diagnostic radiology.

scholarly journals Development, Characterization and Valuable Use of Novel Dosimeter Film Based on PVA Polymer Doped Nitro Blue Tetrazolium Dye and AgNO3 for the Accurate Detection of Low X-ray Doses

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3140
Author(s):  
Saleh Alashrah ◽  
Yassine El-Ghoul ◽  
Faisal Muteb Almutairi ◽  
Mohammed Ahmed Ali Omer
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
Nitro Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Diagnostic Radiology ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Accurate Detection ◽  
Low X

Currently, the uncontrolled exposure of individuals to X-rays during medical examinations represents a substantial danger that threatens both medical professionals and patients. Therefore, radiation dosimetry for low X-ray doses is a very important control of radiation practice in medical diagnostic radiology. In line with this, the current study proposes a valuable dosimeter-based PVA thin film doubly doped with silver nitrate salt and nitro blue tetrazolium dye. The nanocomposite film was prepared via a simple casting method and the different processing parameters were optimized. The performance of radiation detection was evaluated according to optical, chromic, chemical and structural changes after exposure to variable low X-ray doses (0, 2, 4, 10 and 20 mGy). The different film labels exhibited an excellent stability behavior in dark and light upon 30 days of storage. The UV-Vis spectrophotometric study showed a gradual increase in the maximum absorbance as a function of the dose and the corresponding response curve confirmed this linear variation (R = 0.998). A clear structural modification was recorded via X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealing the increase in crystallinity with the level of the dose received by the nanocomposite films. Microscopic surface analysis via SEM assessments revealed a significant morphological change in PVA/Ag+/NBT films exposed to increased radiation doses and typical dendrites growing in needle- or tree-like microstructures appeared with a high X-ray dose. Finally, the nanocomposite films before and after irradiation were evaluated via a spectrocolorimetric study and the different CIELab coordinates, the color difference, as well as the color strength, showed a linear correlation with the intensity of the applied dose. This new dosimeter design could, therefore, provide a promising and efficient alternative for prompt and accurate detection of low X-rays doses in diagnostic radiology.

scholarly journals Lignin–Cellulose Nanocrystals from Hemp Hurd as Light-Coloured Ultraviolet (UV) Functional Filler for Enhanced Performance of Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposite Films

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3425
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Abu Naser Md Ahsanul Haque ◽  
Maryam Naebe
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Nanocomposite Film ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Uv Shielding ◽  
Light Region ◽  
Food Package ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Extraction Processes ◽  
Hemp Hurd

Lignin is a natural light-coloured ultraviolet (UV) absorber; however, conventional extraction processes usually darken its colour and could be detrimental to its UV-shielding ability. In this study, a sustainable way of fabricating lignin–cellulose nanocrystals (L-CNCs) from hemp hurd is proposed. A homogeneous morphology of the hemp particles was achieved by ball milling, and L-CNCs with high aspect ratio were obtained through mild acid hydrolysis on the ball-milled particles. The L-CNCs were used as filler in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film, which produced a light-coloured nanocomposite film with high UV-shielding ability and enhanced tensile properties: the absorption of UV at wavelength of 400 nm and transparency in the visible-light region at wavelength of 550 nm was 116 times and 70% higher than that of pure PVA, respectively. In addition to these advantages, the nanocomposite film showed a water vapour transmission property comparable with commercial food package film, indicating potential applications.

Electroreduction of Oxygen Using Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon/Conductive Bipolymeric Nanocomposite Film for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 781 ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
B. Narayanamoorthy ◽  
S. Balaji
Keyword(s):  
Platinum Nanoparticles ◽  
Nanocomposite Film ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Limiting Current ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Onset Potential ◽  
Orr Activity

Synthesis and electrochemical characterization of carbon supported platinum nanoparticles dispersed over Nafion-Polyethylene glycol bipolymeric nanocomposite film (Pt/VC/NP) was attempted for catalyzing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in sulfuric acid medium. The nanocomposite films were surface characterized using Scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction pattern, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and Atomic force microscopy analyses. The electrochemical behavior was studied using cyclic voltammetry and linear scan voltammetry under static and hydrodynamic conditions to check the catalytic ability of the electrocatalyst films towards ORR. A good correlation was seen between the conductivity of the nanocomposite films from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the ORR activity. The higher ORR activity was obtained with the onset potential of 1.08 V vs. RHE and the limiting current density of 1.65 mA/cm2 for 40 wt. % Pt/VC/NP catalyst film. The ORR kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were calculated and compared with standard Pt/C literature values.

scholarly journals Polyaniline: tin oxide polymeric nanocomposite films. An electrical and dielectric study

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Arora ◽  
Subhash Chand ◽  
Pankaj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Nanocomposite Film ◽  
Ac Conductivity ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Dielectric Behavior ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Dielectric Study ◽  
High Dielectric

AbstractA conducting nanocomposite film of 60 nm nano-SnO2-polyaniline (PANI) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been synthesized and analyzed in terms of AC conductivity and dielectric behavior. The conducting polymer nanocomposite of PANI/60 nm (SnO2) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been prepared via in situ polymerization technique. The morphology of the nanocomposite film has been studied by SEM. The film has been characterized in terms of DC conductivity. The dielectric behavior and AC conductivity of the nanocomposite film have been investigated in the frequency range of 2 Hz to 90 KHz. The film has high dielectric constant which may be correlated with polarization. It has been observed that both dielectric loss and dielectric constant decrease with an increase in frequency.

Synthesis of polyvinyl alcohol/modified starch-based biodegradable nanocomposite films reinforced with starch nanocrystals for packaging applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 096739112092242
Author(s):  
Aanchal Mittal ◽  
Sangeeta Garg ◽  
Anshuman Premi ◽  
Ardhendu Sekhar Giri
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Nanocomposite Film ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Soil Burial ◽  
Hydrolysis Method ◽  
S Matrix ◽  
Starch Nanocrystals

In the present work, corn starch was grafted with oleic acid in the presence of redox initiators. Starch nanocrystals (SNCs) were synthesized using acid hydrolysis method and nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporation of SNCs into polyvinyl alcohol/starch (PVA/S) and PVA/grafted starch (PVA/GS) matrix, separately. It was observed that SNCs exhibited a platelet-like shape and in the size range of 200 nm. The increased crystallinity of SNCs indicated the removal of the amorphous and waxy region after acid hydrolysis of starch. Scanning electron micrographs of nanocomposite films showed good dispersion of SNCs within the PVA/GS matrix compared to the PVA/S matrix. The tensile strength of the nanocomposite films increased significantly with the reinforcement of SNCs into PVA/S matrix. Water uptake (%) of PVA/GS nanocomposite film decreased by 38.25% compared to the PVA/S nanocomposite film. Reinforcement of SNCs with PVA/S matrix improved the biodegradability of the films and was higher than PVA/S film. PVA/S nanocomposite film showed 32.4% weight loss after 120 days of soil burial degradation test. Thus, the obtained nanocomposite films can provide a potential alternative to the synthetic and nondegradable packaging films used worldwide.

Effect of Thermal Treatment on Thermal Properties, Surface Chemistry, Crystalline Structure and Methylene Blue Removal of Polyvinyl Alcohol/TiO2 Nanocomposite Films

2020 ◽  
Vol 998 ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Sirinan Ratchawong ◽  
Sirirat Wacharawichanant ◽  
Siriporn Tanodekaew
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Solution Casting ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stretching Vibration

In this research, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were immobilized into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix without and with surfactants via solution casting film combined with thermal treatment method. The dispersion and distribution of TiO2 nanoparticles presented by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the uniform distribution of TiO2 nanoparticles in PVA matrix with surfactant. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed increasing intensity peak at 560-800 cm-1 corresponding to Ti-O stretching vibration indicating interaction between PVA and TiO2 after thermal treatment. X-ray diffraction (XRD) result showed peak of PVA crystal structure due to the thermal treatment, and the addition of surfactant could decrease the average crystallite size of TiO2 in PVA/TiO2 nanocomposite films. Photocatalytic activity was determined from the film efficiency on removal of methylene blue (MB) under ultraviolet (UV). The results showed the greater MB removal efficiency of the PVA/TiO2 nanocomposite films with surfactant and thermal treatment than those without surfactant and thermal treatment.

Green synthesis and characterisations of antibacterial silver-polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite films for wound dressing

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed M. Badawy
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Environmental Toxicity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Uv Visible

AbstractGreen synthesis and characterisations of silver-polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite films for possible environmental and biomedical applications such as wound dressing have been investigated. The synthesis was carried out in water, in an environmentally-friendly solvent using β-D-glucose as a reducing agent and in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a bio-friendly polymer. The green synthesis approaches have advantages over conventional methods involving chemical agents associated with environmental toxicity. The formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and UV-visible spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesised Ag-PVA nanocomposite materials against strains of different bacteria such as

Synthesis and Characterisation of Polyaniline-Polyvinyl Alcohol-NiO Nanocomposite Film

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 91-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sindhu Honmute ◽  
◽  
Arunkumar Lagashetty ◽  
A. Venkataraman A. Venkataraman
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Nanocomposite Film
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