scholarly journals Influence of the Manufacturing Method on the Adhesion of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans to Oral Splint Resins

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1534
Author(s):  
Andrea Schubert ◽  
Ralf Bürgers ◽  
Franziska Baum ◽  
Oliver Kurbad ◽  
Torsten Wassmann
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Microbial Adhesion ◽  
Computer Aided

Microbial adhesion to oral splints may lead to oral diseases such as candidiasis, periodontitis or caries. The present in vitro study aimed to assess the effect of novel computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and conventional manufacturing on Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans adhesion to oral splint resins. Standardized specimens of four 3D-printed, two milled, one thermoformed and one pressed splint resin were assessed for surface roughness by widefield confocal microscopy and for surface free energy by contact angle measurements. Specimens were incubated with C. albicans or S. mutans for two hours; a luminometric ATP assay was performed for the quantification of fungal and bacterial adhesion. Both one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc testing and Pearson correlation analysis were performed (p < 0.05) in order to relate manufacturing methods, surface roughness and surface free energy to microbial adhesion. Three-dimensional printing and milling were associated with increased adhesion of C. albicans compared to conventional thermoforming and pressing, while the S. mutans adhesion was not affected. Surface roughness and surface free energy showed no significant correlation with microbial adhesion. Increased fungal adhesion to oral splints manufactured by 3D printing or milling may be relevant for medically compromised patients with an enhanced risk for developing candidiasis.

Differences in Radiopacity, Surface Properties, and Plaque Accumulation for CAD/CAM-Fabricated vs Conventionally Processed Polymer-based Temporary Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Nassary Zadeh ◽  
N Lümkemann ◽  
M Eichberger ◽  
B Stawarczyk ◽  
M Kollmuss
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Actinomyces Naeslundii ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Aided Design

Clinical Relevance As temporary materials are often used in prosthetic dentistry, there is need to investigate their behavior in the oral environment. Parameters such as surface roughness and surface free energy correlate to the level of plaque adhesion, which can impact gingival health. SUMMARY Objective: To test computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated and conventionally processed polymer-based temporary materials in terms of radiopacity (RO), surface free energy (SFE), surface roughness (SR), and plaque accumulation (PA). Methods and Materials: Six temporary materials (n=10/n=10) were tested, including three CAD/CAM-fabricated (CC) materials—Art Bloc Temp (CC-ABT), Telio CAD (CC-TC), and VITA CAD Temp (CC-VCT)—and three conventionally processed (cp) materials: Integrity Multi Cure (cp-IMC), Luxatemp Automix Plus (cp-LAP), and Protemp 4 (cp-PT4). Zirconia acted as the control group (CG, n=10). RO was evaluated according to DIN EN ISO 13116. SFE was investigated using contact angle measurements. SR was measured using a profilometer. The PA tests were performed using three microorganisms: Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces naeslundii, and Veillonella parvula. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U-, Dunn-Bonferroni, Wilcoxon, Levene, and Pearson tests and one-way analysis of variance with post hoc Scheffé test (α=0.05). Results: No radiopacity was observed for any CC material or cp-PT4. CG showed the highest RO, while no differences between cp-IMC and cp-LAP were found. CG showed lower SFE compared to all polymer temporary materials, except in the case of CC-TC. cp-LAP and cp-IMC presented higher SFE than did CC-TC and CG. CC-ABT presented lower initial SR values compared to cp-PT4 and cp-LAP. For cp-LAP, a higher initial SR was measured than for all CAD/CAM materials and cp-IMC. All specimens showed a certain amount of PA after the incubation period. A naeslundii and V parvula resulted in comparable PA values, whereas the values for S mutans were lower by one log level. CAD/CAM materials showed superior results for SR, SFE, and PA, whereas all materials lacked RO.

scholarly journals Streptococcus mutans adhesion on nickel titanium (NiTi) and copper-NiTi archwires: A comparative prospective clinical study

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirubaharan S. Abraham ◽  
Nithya Jagdish ◽  
Vignesh Kailasam ◽  
Sridevi Padmanabhan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dynamic Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Dynamic Contact ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study

ABSTRACT Objectives: To compare the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans to nickel titanium (NiTi) and copper-NiTi (Cu-NiTi) archwires and to correlate the adhesion to surface characteristics (surface free energy and surface roughness) of these wires. Materials and Methods: A total of 16 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with preadjusted edgewise appliances were included in the study. 0.016” and 0.016” × 0.022” NiTi and Cu-NiTi archwires in as-received condition and after 4 weeks of intraoral use were studied for S mutans adhesion using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Surface roughness and surface free energy were studied by three-dimensional surface profilometry and dynamic contact angle analysis, respectively. Results: S mutans adhesion was more in Cu-NiTi archwires. These wires exhibited rougher surface and higher surface free energy when compared to NiTi archwires. Conclusions: S mutans adhesion, surface roughness, and surface free energy were greater in Cu-NiTi than NiTi archwires. Surface roughness and surface free energy increased after 4 weeks of intraoral exposure for all of the archwires studied. A predominantly negative correlation was seen between the cycle threshold value of adherent bacteria and surface characteristics.

Surface Roughness of Two CAD/CAM Restorative Materials as Affected by Chewing Simulation v1

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
eaeldwakhly not provided
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Chewing Simulation ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
The Individual

This study was conducted to assess the surface characteristics in terms of roughness of two CAD/CAM (Computer-Aided-Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing)restorative material spre and post chewing simulation exposure. Methods: Specimens were prepared from two CAD/CAM ceramic materials: Cerec Blocs C and IPS e-max ZirCAD. A total of 10 disks were prepared for each study group. 3D optical noncontact surface profiler was used to test the surface roughness (ContourGT, Bruker, Campbell, CA, USA). A silicone mold was used to fix the individual samples using a self-curing resin. Surface roughness (SR) was examined pre and post exposure to chewing simulation. 480,000 simulated chewing cycles were conducted to mimic roughly two years of intraoral clinical service. The results data was first tested for normality and equal variance (Levene’s test >0.05) then examined with paired and independent sample t-test at a significance level of (p < 0.05). Results:The two CAD-CAM materials tested exhibited increased surface roughness from baseline. The highest mean surface roughness was observed in Cerec blocs C group after chewing simulation (2.34 µm± 0.62 µm). Whereas the lowest surface roughness was observed in IPS e.max ZirCAD group before chewing simulation (0.42 µm± 0.16 µm). Both study groups exhibited significantly different surface roughness values (p< 0.05). There was a statistically higher surface roughness values after the chewing simulation in Cerec blocs C when compared to IPS e.max ZirCAD groups (p = 0.000).Conclusion:Even though both tested CAD/CAM materials differ in recorded surface roughness values, results were within clinically accepted values.

Evaluation of Polishing Systems for CAD/CAM Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic-Network Restorations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
CA Jurado ◽  
A Tsujimoto ◽  
H Watanabe ◽  
NG Fischer ◽  
JA Hasslen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Dental School ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
A Company

SUMMARY Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of five different polishing systems on a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network restoration with nanoscale assessment using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and visual assessment performed by dental school senior students and faculty members. Method: Forty-eight full coverage crowns were milled out of polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network CAD/CAM blocks (Vita Enamic) for polishing with one company proprietary, two ceramic and two composite polishing systems. The prepared crowns were divided into six groups: (1) no polishing (control); (2) polishing with Vita Enamic Polishing Kit (VEna); (3) polishing with Shofu Porcelain Laminate Polishing Kit (SCer); (4) polishing with Brasseler Dialite Feather lite All- Ceramic Adjusting & Polishing System (BCer); (5) polishing with Shofu Composite Polishing Kit (SCom); and (6) polishing with Brasseler Composite Polishing Kit (BCom). The polished crown surface topography was observed, and surface roughness and area were measured with AFM. In addition, polished crowns were visually assessed by 15 senior dental students and 15 dental school faculty members. Results: All polishing treatments significantly reduced the surface roughness and area of the crown compared with the control. SCom and BCom showed significantly higher surface area than VEna, and the SCer and BCer groups were intermediate, showing no significant difference from either VEna or SCom and BCom. There were no significant differences in surface roughness between any of the systems. Dental students and faculty members classified the groups polished with VEna, SCer, and BCer groups as clinically acceptable, and they selected BCer group as the best polished restorations and the control group as the least polished restorations. Conclusions: Ceramic and composite polishing systems produced similar polishing results as that observed using a company proprietary polishing system. However, effectiveness for polishing using a company proprietary and ceramic polishing system tends to be higher than composite polishing systems.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Wear Ability of Five CAD/CAM Dental Blocks

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin ◽  
Jang ◽  
Lee ◽  
Bae
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Aided Design

This study compares the mechanical properties and wear ability of five CAD/CAM (computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing) millable dental blocks. All the discs, including Amber Mill Hybrid, Vita Enamic, Katana Avencia, Lava Ultimate, and Amber Mill, were cut in dimensions of 1.2 mm in thickness and 12 mm in diameter, polished to a machined surface, and immersed in distilled water for seven days. Vickers hardness was measured and the indentations were observed using microscope. The discs were brushed under a 150 g load. Mean surface roughness (Ra) and topography were determined after 100,000 cycles. Finally the biaxial flexure strength of the discs was measured and the broken surfaces were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The data was subjected to Weibull analysis. All data were analyzed by one-way analysis (ANOVA). The results of Vickers hardness are shown as: Amber Mill > Vita Enamic > Amber Mill Hybrid > Lava Ultimate > Katana Avencia. Katana Avencia showed the highest volume percentage reduction and the roughest surface after toothbrushing. The biaxial flexural strength is shown as: Amber Mill > Katana Avencia > Lava Ultimate > Amber Mill Hybrid > Vita Enamic. All the tested materials exhibited varying degrees of mass loss and surface roughness. The properties of the composite materials are related to the filler content, filler volume, and polymerization methods.

The influence of surface free energy and surface roughness on early plaque formation. An in vivo study in man

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Quirynen ◽  
M. Marechal ◽  
H. J. Busscher ◽  
A. H. Weerkamp ◽  
P. L. Darius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
In Vivo Study

scholarly journals The Interaction of Osteoblasts With Bone-Implant Materials: 1. The Effect of Physicochemical Surface Properties of Implant Materials

2011 ◽  
pp. 95-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. KUBIES ◽  
L. HIMMLOVÁ ◽  
T. RIEDEL ◽  
E. CHÁNOVÁ ◽  
K. BALÍK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Clot Formation ◽  
Osteoblast Proliferation ◽  
Human Osteoblasts ◽  
Implant Materials

This comparative study of various surface treatments of commercially available implant materials is intended as guidance for orientation among particular surface treatment methods in term of the cell reaction of normal human osteoblasts and blood coagulation. The influence of physicochemical surface parameters such as roughness, surface free energy and wettability on the response of human osteoblasts in the immediate vicinity of implants and on the blood coagulation was studied. The osteoblast proliferation was monitored and the expression of tissue mediators (TNF-α, IL-8, MMP-1, bone alkaline phosphatase, VCAM-1, TGF-β) was evaluated after the cell cultivation onto a wide range of commercially available materials (titanium and Ti6Al4V alloy with various surface treatments, CrCoMo alloy, zirconium oxide ceramics, polyethylene and carbon/carbon composite). The formation of a blood clot was investigated on the samples immersed in a freshly drawn whole rabbit blood using scanning electron microscope. The surfaces with an increased osteoblast proliferation exhibited particularly higher surface roughness (here Ra > 3.5 µm) followed by a high polar part of the surface free energy whereas the effect of wettability played a minor role. The surface roughness was also the main factor regulating the blood coagulation. The blood clot formation analysis showed a rapid coagulum formation on the rough titanium-based surfaces. The titanium with an etching treatment was considered as the most suitable candidate for healing into the bone tissue due to high osteoblast proliferation, the highest production of osteogenesis markers and low production of inflammatory cytokines and due to the most intensive blood clot formation.

The influence of surface free energy and surface roughness on early plaque formation.

1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Quirynen ◽  
M. Marechal ◽  
H. J. Busscher ◽  
A. H. Weerkamp ◽  
P. L. Darius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Plaque Formation

Plasma proteins in the acquired denture pellicle enhance substrate surface free energy and Candida albicans phospholipase and proteinase activities

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Custodio ◽  
Wander J. Silva ◽  
Adriana F. Paes Leme ◽  
Jaime A. Cury ◽  
Altair A. Del Bel Cury
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Substrate Surface
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