scholarly journals Poly(etheretherketone)/Poly(ethersulfone) Blends with Phenolphthalein: Miscibility, Thermomechanical Properties, Crystallization and Morphology

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1466
Author(s):  
Adrian Korycki ◽  
Christian Garnier ◽  
Amandine Abadie ◽  
Valerie Nassiet ◽  
Charles Tarek Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Transitions ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Spherical Domains

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)/polyethersulfone (PES) blends are initially not miscible, except when the blends are prepared by solvent mixing. We propose a route to elaborate PEEK/PES blends with partial miscibility by melt mixing at 375 °C with phenolphthalein. The miscibility of blends has been examined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMTA). When adding phenolphthalein to PEEK/PES blends, the glass transitions are shifted inward as an indication of miscibility. We suggest that phenolphthalein acts as a compatibilizer by creating cardo side groups on PEEK and PES chains by nucleophilic substitution in the melted state, although this condensation reaction was reported only in the solvent until now. In addition, phenolphthalein acts as a plasticizer for PES by decreasing its glass transition. As a consequence, the PEEK phase is softened which favors the crystallization as the increase of crystalline rate. Due to aromatic moieties in phenolphthalein, the storage modulus of blends in the glassy region is kept identical to pure PEEK. The morphological analysis by SEM pictures displays nano- to microsized PES spherical domains in the PEEK matrix with improved PEEK/PES interfacial adhesion.

Thermal and Thermomechanical Properties of Poly(butylene succinate) Nanocomposites

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1679-1689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamookho E. Makhatha ◽  
Suprakas Sinha Ray ◽  
Joseph Hato ◽  
Adriaan S. Luyt
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Melting Behavior ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This article describes the thermal and thermomechanical properties of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and its nanocomposites. PBS nanocomposites with three different weight ratios of organically modified synthetic fluorine mica (OMSFM) have been prepared by melt-mixing in a batch mixer at 140 °C. The structure and morphology of the nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations that reveal the homogeneous dispersion of the intercalated silicate layers into the PBS matrix. The thermal properties of pure PBS and the nanocomposite samples were studied by both conventional and temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses, which show multiple melting behavior of the PBS matrix. The investigation of the thermomechanical properties was performed by dynamic mechanical analysis. Results reveal significant improvement in the storage modulus of neat PBS upon addition of OMSFM. The tensile modulus of neat PBS is also increased substantially with the addition of OMSFM, however, the strength at yield and elongation at break of neat PBS systematically decreases with the loading of OMSFM. The thermal stability of the nanocomposites compared to that of the pure polymer sample was examined under both pyrolytic and thermooxidative environments. It is shown that the thermal stability of PBS is increased moderately in the presence of 3 wt% of OMSFM, but there is no significant effect on further silicate loading in the oxidative environment. In the nitrogen environment, however, the thermal stability systematically decreases with increasing clay loading.

scholarly journals The Effect of Surface Treatment with Isocyanate and Aromatic Carbodiimide of Thermally Expanded Vermiculite Used as a Functional Filler for Polylactide-Based Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 890
Author(s):  
Mateusz Barczewski ◽  
Olga Mysiukiewicz ◽  
Aleksander Hejna ◽  
Radosław Biskup ◽  
Joanna Szulc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Thermomechanical Analysis ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Phenyl Isocyanate ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Expanded Vermiculite ◽  
Chain Extenders

In this work, thermally expanded vermiculite (TE-VMT) was surface modified and used as a filler for composites with a polylactide (PLA) matrix. Modification of vermiculite was realized by simultaneous ball milling with the presence of two PLA chain extenders, aromatic carbodiimide (KI), and 4,4’-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI). In addition to analyzing the particle size of the filler subjected to processing, the efficiency of mechanochemical modification was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The composites of PLA with three vermiculite types were prepared by melt mixing and subjected to mechanical, thermomechanical, thermal, and structural evaluation. The structure of composites containing a constant amount of the filler (20 wt%) was assessed using FTIR spectroscopy and SEM analysis supplemented by evaluating the final injection-molded samples’ physicochemical properties. Mechanical behavior of the composites was assessed by static tensile test and impact strength hardness measurements. Heat deflection temperature (HDT) test and dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA) were applied to evaluate the influence of the filler addition and its functionalization on thermomechanical properties of PLA-based composites. Thermal properties were assessed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry (PCFC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The use of filler-reactive chain extenders (CE) made it possible to change the vermiculite structure and obtain an improvement in interfacial adhesion and more favorable filler dispersions in the matrix. This translated into an improvement in impact strength and an increase in thermo-mechanical stability and heat release capacity of composites containing modified vermiculites.

scholarly journals Combined thermal analysis of plant oils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Tamási ◽  
Kálmán Marossy
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Glassy State ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Plant Oils ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Current Reversal

AbstractThe paper deals with the study of seven selected natural plant oils. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermally stimulated discharge (TSD) methods were used. It has been found that most of the oils tested are in a glassy state at low temperature and have multiple transitions in the low temperature range. DSC shows complex melting-like processes or glass transition. For both DMA and TSD, the scaffold supportive method was used and found as a suitable one. DMA and TSD proved more sensitive than DSC and revealed at least two transitions between − 120 and − 40 °C. In the case of three oils (argan, avocado and sunflower), current reversal was observed by TSD; this symptom cannot be fully explained at the moment.

Physico Chemical Characterization of Nanofibrous Poly(Ε-Caprolactone) Electrospun Templates for Cell Adhesion

MRS Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (49) ◽  
pp. 2689-2694
Author(s):  
Karla A. Gaspar-Ovalle ◽  
Juan V. Cauich-Rodriguez ◽  
Armando Encinas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Static Water

ABSTRACTNanofibrous mats of poly ε-caprolactone (PCL) were fabricated by electrospinning. The nanofiber structures were investigated and characterized by scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, static water-contact-angle analysis and mechanical properties. The results showed that the nanofibrous PCL is an ideal biopolymer for cell adhesion, owing to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, structural stability and mechanical properties. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the fibrous structure of PCL does not alter its crystallinity. Studies of the mechanical properties, wettability and degradability showed that the structure of the electrospun PCL improved the tensile modulus, tensile strength, wettability and biodegradability of the nanotemplates. To evaluate the nanofibrous structure of PCL on cell adhesion, osteoblasts cells were seeded on these templates. The results showed that both adhesion and proliferation of the cells is viable on these electrospun PCL membranes. Thus electrospinning is a relatively inexpensive and scalable manufacturing technique for submicron to nanometer diameter fibers, which can be of interest in the commodity industry.

scholarly journals Influence of 1D and 2D Carbon Fillers and Their Functionalisation on Crystallisation and Thermomechanical Properties of Injection Moulded Nylon 6,6 Nanocomposites

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola Navarro-Pardo ◽  
Ana L. Martínez-Hernández ◽  
Victor M. Castaño ◽  
José L. Rivera-Armenta ◽  
Francisco J. Medellín-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposites ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Nylon 6,6 ◽  
Injection Moulding Process ◽  
The One ◽  
Carbon Fillers

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene were used as reinforcing fillers in nylon 6,6 in order to obtain nanocomposites by using an injection moulding process. The two differently structured nanofillers were used in their pristine or reduced form, after oxidation treatment and after amino functionalisation. Three low nanofiller contents were employed. Crystallisation behaviour and perfection of nylon 6,6 crystals were determined by differential scanning calorimetry and wide angle X-ray diffraction, respectively. Crystallinity was slightly enhanced in most samples as the content of the nanofillers was increased. The dimensionality of the materials was found to provide different interfaces and therefore different features in the nylon 6,6 crystal growth resulting in improved crystal perfection. Dynamical, mechanical analysis showed the maximum increases provided by the two nanostructures correspond to the addition of 0.1 wt.% amino functionalised CNTs, enhancing in 30% the storage modulus and the incorporation of 0.5 wt.% of graphene oxide caused an increase of 44% in this property. The latter also provided better thermal stability when compared to pure nylon 6,6 under inert conditions. The superior properties of graphene nanocomposites were attributed to the larger surface area of the two-dimensional graphene compared to the one-dimensional CNTs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Thermal Properties of Composites Prepared from Pistachio Shell Particles Treated Chemically and Polypropylene

Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Beatriz Adriana Salazar-Cruz ◽  
María Yolanda Chávez-Cinco ◽  
Ana Beatriz Morales-Cepeda ◽  
Claudia Esmeralda Ramos-Galván ◽  
José Luis Rivera-Armenta
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Pistachio Shell ◽  
Nucleation Effect ◽  
Chemically Treated ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Shell Particles ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of the present work was to prepare polypropylene (PP) matrix composited filled with chemically treated pistachio shell particles (PTx), and evaluate their effect on the composites’ thermal properties. PP-PTx composites were formulated in different PTx content (from 2 to 10 phr) in a mixing chamber, using the melt-mixing process. The PTx were chemically treated using a NaOH solution and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). According to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the treatment of pistachio shell particles resulted in the remotion of lignin and hemicellulose. The thermal stability was evaluated by means of TGA, where the presence of PTx in composites showed a positive effect compared with PP pristine. Thermal properties such as crystallization temperature (Tc), crystallization enthalpy (∆Hc), melting temperature (Tm) and crystallinity were determinate by means differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); these results suggest that the PTx had a nucleation effect on the PP matrix, increasing their crystallinity. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) showed that stiffness of the composites increase compared with that PP pristine, as well as the storage modulus, and the best results were found at a PTx concentration of 4 phr. At higher concentrations, the positive effect decreased; however, they were better than the reference PP.

scholarly journals The Effect of POSS Type on the Shape Memory Properties of Epoxy-Based Nanocomposites

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4203
Author(s):  
Avraham I. Bram ◽  
Irina Gouzman ◽  
Asaf Bolker ◽  
Noam Eliaz ◽  
Ronen Verker
Keyword(s):  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Oligomeric Silsesquioxane

Thermally activated shape memory polymers (SMPs) can memorize a temporary shape at low temperature and return to their permanent shape at higher temperature. These materials can be used for light and compact space deployment mechanisms. The control of transition temperature and thermomechanical properties of epoxy-based SMPs can be done using functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) additives, which are also known to improve the durability to atomic oxygen in the space environment. In this study, the influence of varying amounts of two types of POSS added to epoxy-based SMPs on the shape memory effect (SME) were studied. The first type contained amine groups, whereas the second type contained epoxide groups. The curing conditions were defined using differential scanning calorimetry and glass transition temperature (Tg) measurements. Thermomechanical and SME properties were characterized using dynamic mechanical analysis. It was found that SMPs containing amine-based POSS show higher Tg, better shape fixity and faster recovery speed, while SMPs containing epoxide-based POSS have higher crosslinking density and show superior thermomechanical properties above Tg. This work demonstrates how the Tg and SME of SMPs can be controlled by the type and amount of POSS in an epoxy-based SMP nanocomposite for future space applications.

Dielectric and Thermomechanical Properties of Polypropylene/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites

2007 ◽  
Vol 1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kanapitsas ◽  
E. Logakis ◽  
C. Pandis ◽  
I. Zuburtikudis ◽  
P. Pissis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Percolation Threshold ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Polypropylene Nanocomposites ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Permittivity Measurements ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this work is to examine the dielectric, electrical and thermo-mechanical properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) filled polypropylene nanocomposites formed by melt-mixing. To that aim dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) and dymamic mechanical analysis (DTMA) were employed. The results are discussed in terms of nucleating action of MWCNT and interfacial polymer-filler interactions. Special attention is paid to percolation aspects by both ac conductivity measurements for the samples which are above the percolation threshold and permittivity measurements for the samples which are below percolation threshold.

scholarly journals Effect of Sr2TiMnO6 fillers on mechanical, dielectric and thermal behaviour of PMMA polymer

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550018 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Thomas ◽  
B. S. Dakshayini ◽  
H. S. Kushwaha ◽  
Rahul Vaish
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Transition Formula ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Pmma Polymer

Composites of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and [Formula: see text] (STMO) were fabricated via melt mixing followed by hot pressing technique. These were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermo mechanical analysis (TMA) and impedance analyser for their structural, thermal and dielectric properties. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) was measured between 40°C and 100°C for pure PMMA is 115.2 ppm/°C, which was decreased to 78.58 ppm/°C when the STMO content was increased to 50 wt.% in PMMA. There was no difference in the glass transition ([Formula: see text]) temperature of the PMMA polymer and their composites. However, the FTIR analysis indicated possible interaction between the PMMA and STMO. The density and the hardness were increased as the STMO content increased in the PMMA matrix. Permittivity was found to be as high as 30.9 at 100 Hz for the PMMA+STMO-50 wt.% composites, indicating the possibility of using these materials for capacitor applications. The thermal stability of polymer was enhanced by incorporation of STMO fillers.

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