scholarly journals Structural, Electrical and Electrochemical Properties of Glycerolized Biopolymers Based on Chitosan (CS): Methylcellulose (MC) for Energy Storage Application

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1183
Author(s):  
Shujahadeen B. Aziz ◽  
Ahmad S. F. M. Asnawi ◽  
Mohd Fakhrul Zamani Kadir ◽  
Saad M. Alshehri ◽  
Tansir Ahamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Ammonium Thiocyanate ◽  
Transference Number ◽  
Ionic Mobility ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Ionic Transference Number ◽  
Energy Storage Application ◽  
Electrochemical Double Layer ◽  
Ion Conducting

In this work, a pair of biopolymer materials has been used to prepare high ion-conducting electrolytes for energy storage application (ESA). The chitosan:methylcellulose (CS:MC) blend was selected as a host for the ammonium thiocyanate NH4SCN dopant salt. Three different concentrations of glycerol was successfully incorporated as a plasticizer into the CS–MC–NH4SCN electrolyte system. The structural, electrical, and ion transport properties were investigated. The highest conductivity of 2.29 × 10−4 S cm−1 is recorded for the electrolyte incorporated 42 wt.% of plasticizer. The complexation and interaction of polymer electrolyte components are studied using the FTIR spectra. The deconvolution (DVN) of FTIR peaks as a sensitive method was used to calculate ion transport parameters. The percentage of free ions is found to influence the transport parameters of number density (n), ionic mobility (µ), and diffusion coefficient (D). All electrolytes in this work obey the non-Debye behavior. The highest conductivity electrolyte exhibits the dominancy of ions, where the ionic transference number, tion value of (0.976) is near to infinity with a voltage of breakdown of 2.11 V. The fabricated electrochemical double-layer capacitor (EDLC) achieves the highest specific capacitance, Cs of 98.08 F/g at 10 mV/s by using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique.

scholarly journals The Study of Structural, Impedance and Energy Storage Behavior of Plasticized PVA:MC Based Proton Conducting Polymer Blend Electrolytes

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shujahadeen B. Aziz ◽  
Iver Brevik ◽  
M. A. Brza ◽  
A. S. F. M. Asnawi ◽  
Elham M. A. Dannoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Ammonium Thiocyanate ◽  
Transference Number ◽  
Equivalent Series Resistance ◽  
Ionic Transference Number ◽  
Main Charge ◽  
Electrochemical Double Layer

In this study, structural characterization, electrical properties and energy storage performance of plasticized polymer electrolytes based on polyvinyl alcohol/methylcellulose/ammonium thiocyanate (PVA/MC-NH4SCN) were carried out. An X-ray diffraction (XRD) study displayed that the plasticized electrolyte system with the uppermost value of direct current (DC) ionic conductivity was the most amorphous system. The electrolyte in the present work realized an ionic conductivity of 2.903 × 10−3 Scm−1 at room temperature. The main charge carrier in the electrolyte was found to be the ions with the ionic transference number (tion) of 0.912, compared to only 0.088 for the electronic transference number (telec). The electrochemical stability potential window of the electrolyte is 2.1 V. The specific capacitance was found to reduce from 102.88 F/g to 28.58 F/g as the scan rate increased in cyclic voltammetry (CV) analysis. The fabricated electrochemical double layer capacitor (EDLC) was stable up to 200 cycles with high efficiency. The specific capacitance obtained for the EDLC by using charge–discharge analysis was 132.7 F/g at the first cycle, which is slightly higher compared to the CV plot. The equivalent series resistance (ESR) increased from 58 to 171 Ω throughout the cycles, which indicates a good electrolyte/electrode contact. Ions in the electrolyte were considered to have almost the same amount of energy during the conduction process as the energy density is approximately at 14.0 Wh/kg throughout the 200 cycles. The power density is stabilized at the range of 1444.3 to 467.6 W/kg as the EDLC completed the cycles.

scholarly journals A single cation or anion dendrimer-based liquid electrolyte

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 3390-3398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeshna Sen ◽  
Rudresha B. Jayappa ◽  
Haijin Zhu ◽  
Maria Forsyth ◽  
Aninda J. Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Ion Transport ◽  
Transference Number ◽  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Ion Conductor ◽  
Ionic Transference Number ◽  
Anion Diffusion

The proposed dendrimer based liquid electrolyte is a single-ion conductor where ion transport is altered by the nature of the chemical functionalities leading to large variations in anion diffusion and hence ionic transference number.

scholarly journals Energy Storage Behavior of Lithium-Ion Conducting poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA): Chitosan(CS)-Based Polymer Blend Electrolyte Membranes: Preparation, Equivalent Circuit Modeling, Ion Transport Parameters, and Dielectric Properties

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Mohamad Brza ◽  
Shujahadeen B. Aziz ◽  
Salah Raza Saeed ◽  
Muhamad H. Hamsan ◽  
Siti Rohana Majid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Polymer Blend ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Ion Conducting

Plasticized lithium-ion-based-conducting polymer blend electrolytes based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA):chitosan (CS) polymer was prepared using a solution cast technique. The conductivity of the polymer electrolyte system was found to be 8.457 × 10−4 S/cm, a critical factor for electrochemical device applications. It is indicated that the number density (n), diffusion coefficient (D), and mobility (μ) of ions are increased with the concentration of glycerol. High values of dielectric constant and dielectric loss were observed at low frequency region. A correlation was found between the dielectric constant and DC conductivity. The achieved transference number of ions (tion) and electrons (te) for the highest conducting plasticized sample were determined to be 0.989 and 0.011, respectively. The electrochemical stability for the highest conducting sample was 1.94 V, indicated by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The cyclic voltammetry (CV) response displayed no redox reaction peaks through its entire potential range. Through the constructing electric double-layer capacitor, the energy storage capacity of the highest conducting sample was investigated. All decisive parameters of the EDLC were determined. At the first cycle, the specific capacitance, internal resistance, energy density, and power density were found to be 130 F/g, 80 Ω, 14.5 Wh/kg, and 1100 W/kg, respectively.

Thermal Analysis of 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Trifluoromethanesulfonate Ionic Liquid to PEO-NaCF3SO3 Polymer Electrolyte

2017 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 338-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Noor Zairi Mohd Sapri ◽  
Azizah Hanom Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Muzamir Mahat
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Transference Number ◽  
Solid Polymer ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
As Doping ◽  
Ionic Transference Number ◽  
Sodium Trifluoromethanesulfonate ◽  
Solution Cast ◽  
Ion Conducting

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of ionic liquid to PEO-NaCF3SO3 solid polymer electrolyte. Sodium ion conducting polymer electrolyte films consisting of Polyethylene oxide (PEO) as a polymer host, Sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate (NaCF3SO3) as doping salt and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (EMiTF) as ionic liquid has been prepared by solution cast technique. Different amounts (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 wt. %) of EMiTF will be added to the optimized polymer-salt composition to develop PEO - NaCF3SO3 – EMiTF polymer electrolyte. Difference Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) indicated that the crystalline degree and the weight loss % of the electrolyte decrease with increasing the wt. % of the EMiTF respectively. The ionic transference number was found in the value of 0.95 which suggests that ions are the charge carriers.

Biomorphic structural batteries for robotics

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (45) ◽  
pp. eaba1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingqiang Wang ◽  
Drew Vecchio ◽  
Chunyan Wang ◽  
Ahmet Emre ◽  
Xiongye Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Distributed Energy Storage ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
Ion Conducting ◽  
Total Capacity

Batteries with conformal shape and multiple functionalities could provide new degrees of freedom in the design of robotic devices. For example, the ability to provide both load bearing and energy storage can increase the payload and extend the operational range for robots. However, realizing these kinds of structural power devices requires the development of materials with suitable mechanical and ion transport properties. Here, we report biomimetic aramid nanofibers–based composites with cartilage-like nanoscale morphology that display an unusual combination of mechanical and ion transport properties. Ion-conducting membranes from these aramid nanofiber composites enable pliable zinc-air batteries with cyclic performance exceeding 100 hours that can also serve as protective covers in various robots including soft and flexible miniaturized robots. The unique properties of the aramid ion conductors are attributed to the percolating network architecture of nanofibers with high connectivity and strong nanoscale filaments designed using a graph theory of composite architecture when the continuous aramid filaments are denoted as edges and intersections are denoted as nodes. The total capacity of these body-integrated structural batteries is 72 times greater compared with a stand-alone Li-ion battery with the same volume. These materials and their graph theory description enable a new generation of robotic devices, body prosthetics, and flexible and soft robotics with nature-inspired distributed energy storage.

scholarly journals Solid-State EDLC Device Based on Magnesium Ion-Conducting Biopolymer Composite Membrane Electrolytes: Impedance, Circuit Modeling, Dielectric Properties and Electrochemical Characteristics

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 389
Author(s):  
Ahmad S. F. M. Asnawi ◽  
Shujahadeen B. Aziz ◽  
Salah R. Saeed ◽  
Yuhanees M. Yusof ◽  
Rebar T. Abdulwahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
Circuit Modeling ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Double Layer Capacitor ◽  
Electrochemical Double Layer ◽  
Ion Conducting ◽  
Discharge Profile

The polymer electrolyte based on Dx:Cs:Mg(CH3COO)2:Ni with three different glycerol concentrations have been prepared. The impedance study has verified that the electrolyte with 42 wt.% of glycerol (A3) has the highest ionic conductivity of 7.71 × 10−6 S cm−1 at room temperature. The ionic conductivity is found to be influenced by the transport parameters. From the dielectric analysis, it was shown that the electrolytes in this system obeyed the non-Debye behavior. The A3 electrolyte exhibited a dominancy of ions (tion > te) with a breakdown voltage of 2.08 V. The fabricated electrochemical double layer capacitor (EDLC) achieved the specific capacitance values of 24.46 F/g and 39.68 F/g via the cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve and the charge–discharge profile, respectively. The other significant parameters to evaluate the performance of EDLC have been determined, such as internal resistance (186.80 to 202.27 Ω) energy density (4.46 Wh/kg), power density (500.58 to 558.57 W/kg) and efficiency (92.88%).

Evaluation of Binary System (NaI-Na3PO4) Solid Electrolyte and Performance of Sodium Battery

2014 ◽  
Vol 703 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
N. Hassan ◽  
A. Sanusi ◽  
Azizah Hanom Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid Electrolyte ◽  
Transference Number ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Ionic Transference Number ◽  
Sodium Battery ◽  
Maximum Conductivity ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy Technique ◽  
Ion Conducting ◽  
And Performance

A Na–ion conducting solid electrolyte system was prepared by using ball milling and sintering method. The electrical conductivity study was carried out as a function of NaI concentration by Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy technique and the maximum conductivity of (1.02±0.19)×10-4S cm−1at room temperature was obtained for the composition 0.50 NaI:0.50 Na3PO4. Further characterization was performed by using and Infrared (FTIR) technique. From FTIR spectra, the variation in the peak intensity and shifting is observed due to the presence of P–O and PO43−bands that had been shifted indicating changes in polyhedral structure which in turn led to the formation of conducting channel by corner sharing or through edges. The ionic transference number was found in the value of 0.92 which suggests that ions are the charge carriers. The optimum composition with the highest conductivity of the sample considered as a good candidate to be used as solid electrolyte in solid state sodium battery. The sodium battery with configuration: Na/NaI–Na3PO4/V2O4was tested by the discharged characteristic at a current of 1.0 μA. The solid state sodium batteries exhibited a discharge capacity of 144mAh/g.

scholarly journals Blending and Characteristics of Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitor Device Assembled from Plasticized Proton Ion Conducting Chitosan:Dextran:NH4PF6 Polymer Electrolytes

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shujahadeen B. Aziz ◽  
Mohamad A. Brza ◽  
Iver Brevik ◽  
Muhamad H. Hafiz ◽  
Ahmad S.F.M. Asnawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Transference Number ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
Ionic Dissociation ◽  
Double Layer Capacitor ◽  
Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitor ◽  
Electrochemical Double Layer ◽  
Ion Conducting

This research paper investigates the electrochemical performance of chitosan (CS): dextran (DX) polymer-blend electrolytes (PBEs), which have been developed successfully with the incorporation of ammonium hexafluorophosphate (NH4PF6). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicates that the plasticized electrolyte system with the highest value of direct current (DC) ionic conductivity is the most amorphous system. The glycerol addition increased the amorphous phase and improved the ionic dissociation, which contributed to the enhancement of the fabricated device’s performance. Transference number analysis (TNM) has shown that the charge transport process is mainly by ions rather than electrons, as tion = 0.957. The CS:DX:NH4PF6 system was found to decompose as the voltage goes beyond 1.5 V. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) revealed that the potential window for the most plasticized system is 1.5 V. The fabricated electrochemical double-layer capacitor (EDLC) was analyzed with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and charge-discharge analysis. The results from CV verify that the EDLC in this work holds the characteristics of a capacitor. The imperative parameters of the fabricated EDLC such as specific capacitance and internal resistance were found to be 102.9 F/g and 30 Ω, respectively. The energy stored and power delivered by the EDLC were 11.6 Wh/kg and 2741.2 W/kg, respectively.

scholarly journals Dielectric relaxations and ion transport study of NaCMC:NaNO3 solid polymer electrolyte films

Ionics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supriya K Shetty ◽  
Ismayil ◽  
Shreedatta Hegde ◽  
V Ravindrachary ◽  
Ganesh Sanjeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Solid Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Transference Number ◽  
Ionic Mobility ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Solid Polymer ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Dielectric Relaxations ◽  
Ion Conducting

AbstractNa+ ion-conducting solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) of sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) doped with sodium nitrate (NaNO3) was developed by solution casting method. FTIR technique confirmed the formation of hydrogen bonding between $$ {NO}_3^{-} $$ NO 3 − anion and functional groups of NaCMC. XRD study revealed the low degree of crystallinity that reduced upon doping. Impedance spectroscopy was adapted in order to analyze the conductivity and dielectric relaxation phenomena of the polymer-salt complex. FTIR deconvolution technique was employed to understand the factor that influences the ionic conductivity in SPE; concentration of mobile ions and ionic mobility both play a vital role. Ion transference number has been found out to be > 0.97 for all samples indicating that the conducting species are primarily ions. The highest ionic conductivity of ̴ 3 × 10−3 Scm−1 with the mechanical strength of 30.12 MPa was achieved for a host containing 30 wt.% NaNO3 at ambient temperature.

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