scholarly journals Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Based Affinity Sensors (Review)

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 974
Author(s):  
Simonas Ramanavicius ◽  
Arunas Jagminas ◽  
Arunas Ramanavicius
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Analytical Signal ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Semiconducting Materials ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Affinity Reagents ◽  
Electrochromic Polymers ◽  
Biomedical Diagnostics ◽  
Bioanalytical Application

Recent challenges in biomedical diagnostics show that the development of rapid affinity sensors is very important issue. Therefore, in this review we are aiming to outline the most important directions of affinity sensors where polymer-based semiconducting materials are applied. Progress in formation and development of such materials is overviewed and discussed. Some applicability aspects of conducting polymers in the design of affinity sensors are presented. The main attention is focused on bioanalytical application of conducting polymers such as polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) ortho-phenylenediamine. In addition, some other polymers and inorganic materials that are suitable for molecular imprinting technology are also overviewed. Polymerization techniques, which are the most suitable for the development of composite structures suitable for affinity sensors are presented. Analytical signal transduction methods applied in affinity sensors based on polymer-based semiconducting materials are discussed. In this review the most attention is focused on the development and application of molecularly imprinted polymer-based structures, which can replace antibodies, receptors, and many others expensive affinity reagents. The applicability of electrochromic polymers in affinity sensor design is envisaged. Sufficient biocompatibility of some conducting polymers enables to apply them as “stealth coatings” in the future implantable affinity-sensors. Some new perspectives and trends in analytical application of polymer-based semiconducting materials are highlighted.

scholarly journals Conducting polymers: a comprehensive review on recent advances in synthesis, properties and applications

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 5659-5697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namsheer K ◽  
Chandra Sekhar Rout
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electrical Property ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Synthesis Properties

Conducting polymers are extensively studied due to their outstanding properties, including tunable electrical property, optical and high mechanical properties, easy synthesis and effortless fabrication and high environmental stability over conventional inorganic materials.

Effect of Inorganic Doping on the Thermoelectric Behavior of Polyaniline Nanocomposites

2020 ◽  
Vol 835 ◽  
pp. 200-207
Author(s):  
Mariamu K. Ali ◽  
Ahmed Abd Moneim
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Subsequent Reduction ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Reduced Graphene

Polyaniline (PANI) has been considered for thermoelectric (T.E) applications due to its facile preparation methods, easy doping-dedoping processes and its environmental stability. Like other conducting polymers (CPs), it has low thermal conductivity (usually below 1 Wm-1K-1) which is favorable for T.E applications, however studies have shown that it still suffers from low power factors as a result of low electrical conductivity. For this reason, PANI has been compounded with other materials such as polymers, inorganic nanoparticles and carbon nanoparticles to enhance its electrical conductivity, power factors (PF) and ultimately zT value.This work is focused on the synthesis and characterization of n-type polyaniline nanocomposites doped with reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The rGO was prepared through oxidation of graphite and subsequent reduction and incorporated into polyaniline through in situ polymerization and the resulting nanocomposites were characterized. Addition of rGO resulted in enhancement of the electrical conductivity of polyaniline from 10-3 S/cm to 10-1 S/cm which is two orders of magnitude higher. This contributed to the enhanced PF, an indication that thermoelectric behavior of conducting polymers can be boosted through compounding with inorganic materials.

Polypyrrole coating of inorganic and organic materials by chemical oxidative polymerisation

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária Omastová ◽  
Matej Mičušík
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
High Electrical Conductivity ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Nanoparticles Of Metal Oxides

AbstractPolypyrrole is one of the most frequently studied conducting polymers, having high electrical conductivity and stability, suitable for multi-functionalised applications. Coatings of chemically synthesised polypyrrole applied onto various organic and inorganic materials, such as polymer particles and films, nanoparticles of metal oxides, clay minerals, and carbon nanotubes are reviewed in this paper. Its primary subject is the formation of new materials and their application in which chemical oxidative polymerisation of pyrrole was used. These combined materials are used in antistatic applications, such as anti-corrosion coating, radiation-shielding, but also as new categories of sensors, batteries, and components for organic electronics are created by coating substrates with conducting polymer layers or imprinting technologies.

scholarly journals Optical Properties of Polymer-Embedded Silicon Nanoparticles

2003 ◽  
Vol 789 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Kirkey ◽  
Alexander N. Cartwright ◽  
Xuegeng Li ◽  
Yuanqing He ◽  
Mark T. Swihart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Silicon Nanoparticles ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Light Emitters ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Electrically Conducting ◽  
Proper Design ◽  
Electrically Conducting Polymers

ABSTRACTWe seek to use electrically conducting polymers, such as those commonly utilized in polymeric LEDs, as hosts for silicon nanoparticles. The proper design of multilayered devices based on these materials will yield efficient light-emitters in which charge carriers localize and recombine within the nanoparticles. Furthermore, these may combine the flexibility and processability of polymeric LEDs with the reliability of inorganic materials. We have synthesized luminescent silicon nanoparticles and have characterized their photoluminescence (PL) using continuous-wave and time-resolved spectroscopy. These particles have been incorporated into a variety of transparent solid hosts. The photoluminescence obtained from particle-containing poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrices is very similar to that of the particles in solution, both in spectral content and PL decay characteristics. However, when incorporated into a variety of conducting polymers, such as poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK), the nanoparticles do not retain their photoluminescence properties. A variety of chemical species have been reported as effective PL quenchers for porous silicon. We believe that these polymers quench the luminescence through similar mechanisms. Protective passivation of the nanoparticle surface is suggested as a strategy for overcoming this quenching.

Feasibility study on molecularly imprinted assays for biomedical diagnostics

Sensor Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 862-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Yee Ang ◽  
Siew Chun Low
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Imprinting ◽  
Optical Sensing ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Biomedical Diagnostics ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Medical Interest

Purpose Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have aroused focus in medicinal chemistry in recent decades, especially for biomedical applications. Considering the exceptional abilities to immobilize any guest of medical interest (antibodies, enzymes, etc.), MIPs is attractive to substantial research efforts in complementing the quest of biomimetic recognition systems. This study aims to review the key-concepts of molecular imprinting, particularly emphasizes on the conformational adaptability of MIPs beyond the usual description of molecular recognition. The optimal morphological integrity was also outlined in this review to acknowledge the successful sensing activities by MIPs. Design/methodology/approach This review highlighted the fundamental mechanisms and underlying challenges of MIPs from the preparation stage to sensor applications. The progress of electrochemical and optical sensing using molecularly imprinted assays has also been furnished, with the evolvement of molecular imprinting as a research hotspot. Findings The lack of standard synthesis protocol has brought about an intriguing open question in the selection of building blocks that are biocompatible to the imprint species of medical interest. Thus, in this paper, the shortcomings associated with the applications of MIPs in electrochemical and optical sensing were addressed using the existing literature besides pointing out possible solutions. Future perspectives in the vast development of MIPs also been postulated in this paper. Originality/value The present review intends to furnish the underlying mechanisms of MIPs in biomedical diagnostics, with the aim in electrochemical and optical sensing while hypothesizing on future possibilities.

scholarly journals One-Dimensional Nanostructure Engineering of Conducting Polymers for Thermoelectric Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwok Shah ◽  
Su-Xi Wang ◽  
Debbie Soo ◽  
Jianwei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Future Research ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Organic Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Performance

The past few decades have witnessed considerable progress of conducting polymer-based organic thermoelectric materials due to their significant advantages over the traditional inorganic materials. The nanostructure engineering and performance investigation of these conducting polymers for thermoelectric applications have received considerable interest but have not been well documented. This review gives an outline of the synthesis of various one-dimensional (1D) structured conducting polymers as well as the strategies for hybridization with other nanomaterials or polymers. The thermoelectric performance enhancement of these materials in association with the unique morphologies and structures are discussed. Finally, perspectives and suggestions for the future research based on these interesting nanostructuring methodologies for improvement of thermoelectric materials are also presented.

scholarly journals Nanoindentation on the bio-inspired high-performance nature composite by molecular dynamics method

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 096369351986016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Nouroozi Masir ◽  
Abolfazl Darvizeh ◽  
Asghar Zajkani
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Research Findings

The determination of mechanical properties at the nanoscale is of such importance today that researchers pay special attention to it. Discovering the mechanical properties of biological composite structures in the nanoscale is much interesting today. Top neck mollusk shells are among biomaterial nanocomposites that their layered structures are composed of organic and inorganic materials. Since the nanoindentation process is known as an efficient method to determine mechanical properties like elastic modulus and hardness in small scale, therefore, due to some limitations of considering all peripheral parameters, particular simulations of temperature effect in the atomic scale are considerable. The present article provides a molecular dynamics approach for modeling the nanoindentation mechanism with three types of pyramidal, cubic, and spherical indenters at different temperatures of 173, 273, 300, and 373°K. Based on load-indentation depth diagrams and Oliver–Pharr equations, research findings indicate that the temperature has weakened the power between the biological atoms; this leads to reduced mechanical properties. An increase in temperature causes a reduction in elastic modulus and hardness. There was correspondence between the results obtained from the spherical indenter and experimental data. This study can be regarded as a novel benchmark study for further research studies which tend to consider structural responses of the various bio-inspired nanocomposites.

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