scholarly journals Synthetic, Natural, and Semisynthetic Polymer Carriers for Controlled Nitric Oxide Release in Dermal Applications: A Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Gutierrez Cisneros ◽  
Veerle Bloemen ◽  
Arn Mignon
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Nitric Oxide Release ◽  
Polymer Carriers ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Polymeric Scaffolds ◽  
Infection Treatment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
Skin Conditions

Nitric oxide (NO•) is a free radical gas, produced in the human body to regulate physiological processes, such as inflammatory and immune responses. It is required for skin health; therefore, a lack of NO• is known to cause or worsen skin conditions related to three biomedical applications— infection treatment, injury healing, and blood circulation. Therefore, research on its topical release has been increasing for the last two decades. The storage and delivery of nitric oxide in physiological conditions to compensate for its deficiency is achieved through pharmacological compounds called NO-donors. These are further incorporated into scaffolds to enhance therapeutic treatment. A wide range of polymeric scaffolds has been developed and tested for this purpose. Hence, this review aims to give a detailed overview of the natural, synthetic, and semisynthetic polymeric matrices that have been evaluated for antimicrobial, wound healing, and circulatory dermal applications. These matrices have already set a solid foundation in nitric oxide release and their future perspective is headed toward an enhanced controlled release by novel functionalized semisynthetic polymer carriers and co-delivery synergetic platforms. Finally, further clinical tests on patients with the targeted condition will hopefully enable the eventual commercialization of these systems.

scholarly journals Drugs modulating the L-arginine:NO:cGMP pathway – current use in therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Polakowska ◽  
Jolanta Orzelska-Gorka ◽  
Sylwia Talarek
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Pharmacological Profiles

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) is a relatively novel messenger that plays a significant role in a wide range of physiological processes. Currently, it is known that, both, lack and excess of NO can cause diseases, thus a lot of substances have been discovered and utilized which can change the concentration of this molecule within the organism. The aim of the present work is to provide an overview of currently used agents modulating the L-arginine:NO:cGMP pathway, as well as to summarize current understanding of their pharmacological profiles. Nowadays, most of these agents are employed particularly in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Further studies can hold promise for enhancing the therapeutic equipment for a variety of other impairments, such as osteoporosis, and also in treatments of the central nervous system.

Role of hyaluronic acid glycosaminoglycans in shear-induced endothelium-derived nitric oxide release

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (2) ◽  
pp. H722-H726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiichi Mochizuki ◽  
Hans Vink ◽  
Osamu Hiramatsu ◽  
Tatsuya Kajita ◽  
Fumiyuki Shigeto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
No Production ◽  
Perfusion Rate ◽  
Nitric Oxide Release ◽  
Femoral Arteries ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Acid Glycosaminoglycans

Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized in response to chemical and physical stimuli. Here, we investigated a possible role of the endothelial cell glycocalyx as a biomechanical sensor that triggers endothelial NO production by transmitting flow-related shear forces to the endothelial membrane. Isolated canine femoral arteries were perfused with a Krebs-Henseleit solution at a wide range of perfusion rates with and without pretreatment with hyaluronidase to degrade hyaluronic acid glycosaminoglycans within the glycocalyx layer. NO production rate was evaluated as the product of nitrite concentration in the perfusate and steady-state perfusion rate. The slope that correlates the linear relation between perfusion rate and NO production rate was taken as a measure for flow-induced NO production. Hyaluronidase treatment significantly decreased flow-induced NO production to 19 ± 9% of control (mean ± SD; P < 0.0001 vs. control; n = 11), whereas it did not affect acetylcholine-induced NO production (88 ± 17% of pretreatment level, P = not significant; n = 10). We conclude that hyaluronic acid glycosaminoglycans within the glycocalyx play a pivotal role in detecting and amplifying the shear force of flowing blood that triggers endothelium-derived NO production in isolated canine femoral arteries.

scholarly journals eNOS activation and NO function: Differential control of steroidogenesis by nitric oxide and its adaptation with hypoxia

2011 ◽  
Vol 210 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A Ducsay ◽  
Dean A Myers
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Potential Model ◽  
Steroid Biosynthesis ◽  
Steroid Production ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Differential Control ◽  
Endocrine Tissues

Nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in a wide range of physiological processes. Aside from its widely studied function in the regulation of vascular function, NO has been shown to impact steroidogenesis in a number of different tissues. The goal of this review is to explore the effects of NO on steroid production and further, to discern its source(s) and mechanism of action. Attention will be given to the regulation of NO synthases in specific endocrine tissues including ovaries, testes, and adrenal glands. The effects of hypoxia on generation of NO and subsequent effects on steroid biosynthesis will also be examined. Finally, a potential model for the interaction of hypoxia on NO synthesis and steroid production is proposed.

Estradiol-stimulated nitric oxide release in nervous tissue, vasculature, and gonads of the giant cockroachBlaberus craniifer

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. Nieto-Fernandez ◽  
F. Ianuzzi ◽  
Adriana Ruiz ◽  
Lilian Nodimele
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
Nitric Oxide Release

Current Status and Future Perspective for Research on Medicinal Plants with Anticancerous Activity and Minimum Cytotoxic Value

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1227-1243
Author(s):  
Hina Qamar ◽  
Sumbul Rehman ◽  
D.K. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Wide Range

Cancer is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although chemotherapy and radiotherapy enhance the survival rate of cancerous patients but they have several acute toxic effects. Therefore, there is a need to search for new anticancer agents having better efficacy and lesser side effects. In this regard, herbal treatment is found to be a safe method for treating and preventing cancer. Here, an attempt has been made to screen some less explored medicinal plants like Ammania baccifera, Asclepias curassavica, Azadarichta indica, Butea monosperma, Croton tiglium, Hedera nepalensis, Jatropha curcas, Momordica charantia, Moringa oleifera, Psidium guajava, etc. having potent anticancer activity with minimum cytotoxic value (IC50 >3μM) and lesser or negligible toxicity. They are rich in active phytochemicals with a wide range of drug targets. In this study, these medicinal plants were evaluated for dose-dependent cytotoxicological studies via in vitro MTT assay and in vivo tumor models along with some more plants which are reported to have IC50 value in the range of 0.019-0.528 mg/ml. The findings indicate that these plants inhibit tumor growth by their antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic molecular targets. They are widely used because of their easy availability, affordable price and having no or sometimes minimal side effects. This review provides a baseline for the discovery of anticancer drugs from medicinal plants having minimum cytotoxic value with minimal side effects and establishment of their analogues for the welfare of mankind.

Controlled Nitric Oxide Release Using Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Nanoparticles for Anti-Inflammatory Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4972-4979
Author(s):  
Yoogyeong Oh ◽  
Hyejoong Jeong ◽  
Sungmin Lim ◽  
Jinkee Hong
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Nitric Oxide Release ◽  
Anti Inflammatory
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