scholarly journals Evaluating Antibacterial Efficacy and Biocompatibility of PAN Nanofibers Loaded with Diclofenac Sodium Salt

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nauman Sarwar ◽  
Azeem Ullah ◽  
Md. Kaiser Haider ◽  
Nadir Hussain ◽  
Sana Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Solution Viscosity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymeric Drug Delivery ◽  
Nanofiber Diameter ◽  
Polymeric Drug ◽  
The Stability

Side effects of the drugs’ oral administration led us to examine the possibility of using diclofenac sodium (DLF) in a polymeric drug delivery system based on electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers, which can be produced cost-effectively and with good applicability for transdermal treatments. The inclusion of DLF in PAN nanofibers increased the nanofiber diameter from ~200 nm to ~500 nm. This increase can be attributed to the increase in the spinning solution viscosity. FTIR spectra confirm the entrapment of the DLF into the PAN nanofibers. X-ray diffraction pattern showed that the inclusion of the DLF in the PAN nanofibers had caused the misalignment in the polymeric chains of the PAN, thus resulting in a decrease of the peak intensity at 2θ = 17o. The DLF loaded PAN nanofibers were efficient against the gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli), with maximum inhibition zone of 16 ± 0.46 mm for E. coli and 15.5 ± 0.28 mm for S. aureus. Good cell viability ~95% for L929 cells in more extended incubation periods was reported. A gradual release of DLF from the PAN nanofiber was observed and can be attributed to the stability of Pan in PBS medium. Cell adhesion micrographs show that cell-cell interaction is stronger than the cell-material interaction. This type of weak cell interaction with the wound dressing is particularly advantageous, as this will not disturb the wound surface during the nursing of the wound.

scholarly journals The Effects of Copper Addition on The Structure and Antibacterial Properties of Biomedical Glasses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leyla Mojtabavi ◽  
Amir Razavi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Network Modifier ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Copper Addition ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Copper Incorporation ◽  
Glass Compositions

AbstractIn this work, we studied the effects of copper incorporation in the composition of bioactive glass. Three different glass compositions were synthesized with 0, 3, and 6 mol% of copper addition. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed that an amorphous microstructure was obtained for all three glass compositions. Results from Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) showed that the copper addition in the glass lowers the glass transition temperature, from 646°C to 590°C when added at 6 mol%. X-ray Photoelectron (XPS) survey and high-resolution scans were performed to study the structural effects of copper addition in the glass. Results indicated that the incorporation of copper changes the ratio of bridging to non-birding oxygens in the structure. Glasses were further analyzed for their structure with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, which indicated that copper acts as a network modifier in the glass composition and copper-containing glasses show a less connected microstructure. Antibacterial efficacy of the glasses was analyzed against E. coli and S. epidermis. Copper-containing glasses showed a significantly higher inhibition zone compared to control glass. The glass with 6 mol% copper, exhibited inhibition zones of 9 and 16mm against E. coli and S. epidermis bacteria, respectively.

Green Biosynthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Testing Their Inhibitory Efficacy Against Some Pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
Doaa Kaduim ◽  
Zaid Mahmoud ◽  
Falah Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Size Of Particles ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

The biosynthesis of iron oxide (Fe2O3, also known as haematite) nano particles (NPs) using Hydra helix and Beta vulgaris aqueous extracts were adduced, respectively, where the extracts act as a stabiliser and reductant reagent. The crystal structure and size of particles were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), while the morphology was examined using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), XRD patterns showed the synthesised nanoparticles with well-crystallised structure from Beta vulgaris extract with size 12 nm, while the results by using Hydra helix showed many peaks back to Goethite phase with 16 nm. The antibacterial and antifungal activity were examined using Staphylococcus (showed inhibition zone diameter 23 mm, 16 mm using Hydra helix and Beta vulgaris, respectively), E. coli (showed no inhibition) and Candida fungi (showed inhibition zone 16 mm, 11 mm using Hydra helix and Beta vulgaris, respectively).

Bio-Synthesis and Characterization of CS–Ag Nano Hydrogel for Antibacterial Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-547
Author(s):  
Shikha Sharma ◽  
Fehmeeda Khatoon
Keyword(s):  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Optimum Wavelength ◽  
Xrd Method

An environmental technique of herbal mediated blend of Ag nanoparticles is a substantial stage in the ground of nanotechnology. Chitosan (CS) is a polymer which is biocompatible and antibacterial. In this work, we have synthesized CS–Ag Nano hydrogel which is form with chitosan-based hydrogel merged in the herbal synthesized Ag nanoparticles. These green synthesized Ag-nanoparticles made from Polygonum bistorta plant leaves and described with the assistance of UV-vis spectrophotometer, and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). In this work our main focus to synthesized CS–Ag Nano hydrogel. These hydrogel was described by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic method, X-ray diffraction (XRD) method, and contact angle. Nanoparticle size distribution was within 1 to 100 nm by DLS and the optimum wavelength was noted in 400 to 450 nm by UV-vis spectroscopic readings. A good antibacterial behavior has been displayed by these synthesized CS–Ag Nano hydrogel films against both E. coli (gram –ve) and S. aureus (gram +ve) with the maximum 7 mm inhibition zone.

scholarly journals Host-guest interaction and properties of cucurbit[8]uril with chloramphenicol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Jun Zheng ◽  
Guangyan Luo ◽  
Xiaoyue Li ◽  
Yunqian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Titration Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Vitro Release

The interaction between cucurbit[8]uril (Q[8]) and chloramphenicol (CPE) was investigated using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and UV-Vis, NMR and IR spectroscopy. The effects of Q[8] on the stability, in vitro release performance and antibacterial activity of CPE were also studied. The results showed that CPE and Q[8] formed a 1:1 inclusion complex (CPE@Q[8]) with an inclusion constant of 5.4736 × 105 L/mol. The intervention of Q[8] did not affect the stability of CPE, but obviously reduced the release rate of CPE in artificial gastric and intestinal juice; Q[8] has a slow-release effect on CPE. The antibacterial results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CPE and CPE@Q[8] toward Escherichia coli (E. coli) was 1.5 × 10–3 and 1.0 × 10–3 mol/L, respectively, and toward Staphylococcus aureus (SA), the MIC was 2.0 × 10–3 mol/L for both CPE and CPE@Q[8]. Therefore, Q[8] enhanced the inhibitory activity of CPE against E. coli.

scholarly journals Microwave-Assisted Rapid Synthesis of Eu(OH)3/RGO Nanocomposites and Enhancement of Their Antibacterial Activity against Escherichia coli

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Kun-Yauh Shih ◽  
Shiou-Ching Yu
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
High Antibacterial Activity ◽  
The Eu

Nanomaterials with high antibacterial activity and low cytotoxicity have attracted extensive attention from scientists. In this study, europium (III) hydroxide (Eu(OH)3)/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanocomposites were synthesized using a rapid, one-step method, and their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) was investigated using the synergistic effect of the antibacterial activity between Eu and graphene oxide (GO). The Eu(OH)3/RGO nanocomposites were prepared using a microwave-assisted synthesis method and characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Raman sprectroscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed the pure hexagonal phase structure of the nanocomposites. Further, the antibacterial properties of Eu(OH)3/RGO were investigated using the minimum inhibitory concentration assay, colony counting method, inhibition zone diameter, and optical density measurements. The results revealed that the Eu(OH)3/RGO exhibited a superior inhibition effect against E. coli and a larger inhibition zone diameter compared to RGO and Eu(OH)3. Further, the reusability test revealed that Eu(OH)3/RGO nanocomposite retained above 98% of its bacterial inhibition effect after seven consecutive applications. The high antibacterial activity of the Eu(OH)3/RGO nanocomposite could be attributed to the release of Eu3+ ions from the nanocomposite and the sharp edge of RGO. These results indicated the potential bactericidal applications of the Eu(OH)3/RGO nanocomposite.

scholarly journals Host–guest interaction and properties of cucurbit[8]uril with chloramphenicol

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 2832-2839
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Jun Zheng ◽  
Guangyan Luo ◽  
Xiaoyue Li ◽  
Yunqian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Titration Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Vitro Release

The interaction between cucurbit[8]uril (Q[8]) and chloramphenicol (CPE) was investigated using single-crystal X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and UV–vis, NMR and IR spectroscopy. The effects of Q[8] on the stability, in vitro release performance and antibacterial activity of CPE were also studied. The results showed that CPE and Q[8] formed a 1:1 inclusion complex (CPE@Q[8]) with an inclusion constant of 5.474 × 105 L/mol. The intervention of Q[8] did not affect the stability of CPE, but obviously reduced the release rate of CPE in artificial gastric and intestinal juice; Q[8] has a slow-release effect on CPE. The antibacterial results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CPE and CPE@Q[8] toward Escherichia coli (E. coli) was 1.5 × 10–3 and 1.0 × 10–3 mol/L, respectively, and toward Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), the MIC was 2.0 × 10–3 mol/L for both CPE and CPE@Q[8]. Therefore, Q[8] enhanced the inhibitory activity of CPE against E. coli.

scholarly journals Optimization of ZnAl/Chitosan Supra-Nano Hybrid Preparation as Efficient Antibacterial Material

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 5705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bi Foua Claude Alain Gohi ◽  
Hong-Yan Zeng ◽  
Sheng Xu ◽  
Kai-Min Zou ◽  
Binyao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Double Hydroxide

The menace of antimicrobial resistance continues to increase and hence the need to discover new antibiotics, especially alternative and effective sources such as hybrid organic-inorganic, organic-organic materials, and other combinations. In this study, an antimicrobial hybrid supra-nano material was prepared by the bi-titration synthesis method of chitosan (CS) and ZnAl layered double hydroxide. Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), thermogravimetric and differential thermal gravimetric (TGA/DTG), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses indicated that the ZnAl/CS hybrid exhibited low crystallinity with high thermal stability. The results of ZnAl/CS characterization showed the characteristic properties of the individual components ZnAl and CS, indicating a successful preparation of the ZnAl/CS hybrid. The antibacterial tests revealed that the ZnAl/CS hybrid possessed an enhanced antimicrobial effect against both Escherichia coli (E. coli, MTCC 739) and Penicilliumcyclopium (P. cyclopium, AS 3.4513). Under the central composite design (CCD) of the response surface methodology (RSM) tool, the parameters of the hybrid synthesis reaction were optimized and the result obtained was as follows: reaction pH was 11.3, reagent Zn/Al ratio was 3.27, and chitosan concentration was 1.07 g/L. After optimization, it was found that the antibacterial activity of ZnAl/CS was strengthened against E. coli as evidenced by a widening of the inhibition zone of about 41.6%. The antibacterial activity of ZnAl/CS was mainly due to the reactivation of the antibacterial activity of CS associated with the release of Zn2+ and Al3+ metal ions in addition to ZnO, Al2O3, and ZnAl2O4 compounds resulting from the method of preparation.

scholarly journals Biodegradable Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Antibacterial Nanocomposites Reinforced with MgO Nanoparticles

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 507
Author(s):  
Xionggang Wang ◽  
Lingna Cui ◽  
Shuhong Fan ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Yuejun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mgo Nanoparticles ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Biodegradable Poly ◽  
Ft Ir

Antibacterial packaging materials can reduce the microbial contamination of food surfaces. In this study, magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles were synthesized and then coated with cetrimonium bromide (CTAB). CTAB-modified MgO (MgO@CTAB) was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis. Then, different loadings of MgO@CTAB were mixed with poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) by melt compounding. The results showed that the addition of MgO@CTAB deteriorated the thermal stability of PBAT due to MgO serving as a catalyst to promote the thermal degradation of PBAT. In addition, MgO@CTAB could serve as a nucleating agent to improve the crystallinity of PBAT. With the optimal 3 wt% of MgO@CTAB, the tensile strength of PBAT/MgO@CTAB increased from 26.66 to 29.90 MPa, with a slight enhancement in elongation at break. SEM observations and dynamical rheological measurements revealed that aggregation occurred when the content of MgO@CTAB exceeded 5 wt%. The presence of MgO@CTAB endowed PBAT with antibacterial properties. The bacterial inhibition zone increased with the increasing content of MgO@CTAB. In addition, MgO@CTAB had a better antibacterial efficiency against Gram-positive bacterial S. aureus than Gram-negative bacterial E. coli.

Ribosome Structural Organization

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 332-333
Author(s):  
James A. Lake
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Complete Sequences

The understanding of ribosome structure has advanced considerably in the last several years. Biochemists have characterized the constituent proteins and rRNA's of ribosomes. Complete sequences have been determined for some ribosomal proteins and specific antibodies have been prepared against all E. coli small subunit proteins. In addition, a number of naturally occuring systems of three dimensional ribosome crystals which are suitable for structural studies have been observed in eukaryotes. Although the crystals are, in general, too small for X-ray diffraction, their size is ideal for electron microscopy.

RNA polymerase: Preparation and structural analysis of helical polymers

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 152-153
Author(s):  
E. Loren Buhle ◽  
Pamela Rew ◽  
Ueli Aebi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Helical Polymers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ordered Arrays ◽  
Low Ionic Strength

While DNA-dependent RNA polymerase represents one of the key enzymes involved in transcription and ultimately in gene expression in procaryotic and eucaryotic cells, little progress has been made towards elucidation of its 3-D structure at the molecular level over the past few years. This is mainly because to date no 3-D crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis have been obtained with this rather large (MW ~500 kd) multi-subunit (α2ββ'ζ). As an alternative, we have been trying to form ordered arrays of RNA polymerase from E. coli suitable for structural analysis in the electron microscope combined with image processing. Here we report about helical polymers induced from holoenzyme (α2ββ'ζ) at low ionic strength with 5-7 mM MnCl2 (see Fig. 1a). The presence of the ζ-subunit (MW 86 kd) is required to form these polymers, since the core enzyme (α2ββ') does fail to assemble into such structures under these conditions.

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