scholarly journals Morphology, Structural, Thermal, and Tensile Properties of Bamboo Microcrystalline Cellulose/Poly(Lactic Acid)/Poly(Butylene Succinate) Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Masrat Rasheed ◽  
Mohammad Jawaid ◽  
Bisma Parveez ◽  
Aamir Hussain Bhat ◽  
Salman Alamery
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Uniform Dispersion ◽  
Scanning Electron

The present study aims to develop a biodegradable polymer blend that is environmentally friendly and has comparable tensile and thermal properties with synthetic plastics. In this work, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) extracted from bamboo-chips-reinforced poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) blend composites were fabricated by melt-mixing at 180 °C and then hot pressing at 180 °C. PBS and MCC (0.5, 1, 1.5 wt%) were added to improve the brittle nature of PLA. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermogravimetry (DTG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)), and universal testing machine were used to analyze morphology, crystallinity, physiochemical, thermal, and tensile properties, respectively. The thermal stability of the PLA-PBS blends enhanced on addition of MCC up to 1wt % due to their uniform dispersion in the polymer matrix. Tensile properties declined on addition of PBS and increased with MCC above (0.5 wt%) however except elongation at break increased on addition of PBS then decreased insignificantly on addition of MCC. Thus, PBS and MCC addition in PLA matrix decreases the brittleness, making it a potential contender that could be considered to replace plastics that are used for food packaging.

Computational modeling of degradation process on the mechanical performance of Poly-lactic acid /Magnesium composite

2020 ◽  
pp. 146442072094825
Author(s):  
Armin Shahmohmmadi ◽  
Mostafa Baghani ◽  
Masoud Shariat Panahi ◽  
Kui Wang ◽  
Ehsan Hasanpur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Microscopy Images ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, the corrosion behavior of biodegradable composites is modeled. These composites are made of Poly-Lactic acid and Magnesium with different volume fractions. The scanning electron microscopy images of these composites were taken, and statistical reconstruction of the composite based on scanning electron microscopy images was done by the phase recovery algorithm, the three-dimensional structure of this composite was extracted with this reconstruction, then a three-dimensional cellular automata model was developed to predict the corrosion of this composite. Results of experiments for the composite with 10% of Magnesium volume fraction were used to calibrate the parameters of the cellular automata model, and with these parameters, the results for the composite with 5% of Magnesium volume fraction was obtained, and with comparing these data with the results of the experiment, our model was validated. In the end, we estimated the mechanical properties of these composites and analyzed the results.

scholarly journals Persistent Prolate Polymersomes for Enhanced Co-Delivery of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Drugs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas L’Amoreaux ◽  
Aon Ali ◽  
Shoaib Iqbal ◽  
Jessica Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Nile Red ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Hydrophilic Drugs ◽  
Spherical Structures ◽  
Fluorescein Dyes ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractSelf-assembled polymersomes encapsulate, protect, and deliver hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs. Though spherical polymersomes are effective, early studies suggest that non-spherical structures may enhance specificity of delivery and uptake due to similarity to endogenous uptake targets. Here we describe a method to obtain persistent non-spherical shapes, prolates, via osmotic pressure and the effect of prolates on uptake behavior. Polyethylene glycol-b-poly(lactic acid) polymersomes change in diameter from 175 ± 5nm to 200 ± 5nm and increase in polydispersity from 0.06 ± 0.02 to 0.122 ± 0.01 nm after addition of 50 mM salt. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy confirm changes from spheres to prolates. Prolate-like polymersomes maintain their shape in 50 mM NaCl for seven days. Nile Red and bovine serum albumin(BSA)-Fluorescein dyes are taken up in greater amounts by SH-SY5Y neural cells when encapsulated in polymersomes. Prolate polymersomes may be taken up more efficiently in neural cells than spherical polymersomes.

Study on the Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Grafted Starch Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Shan Hu ◽  
Hu Liang Gao ◽  
Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Degradation Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron

The grafted starch was prepared from corn starch and maleic anhydride. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to characterize the product. The Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/grafted starch composites were prepared by means of a melt blending method. The effect of grafted starch content on the properties of the composites was investigated. The morphology of the composites was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermal degradation properties were studied by thermogravimetry (TG). The results indicated that the toughness could be improved obviously by adding suitable content of grafted starch. When 35 wt% grafted starch was added into PLA, the tensile strength decreased to 26.6 MPa from 51.7 MPa for pure PLA, elongation increased from 12.0% to 20.3%, flexural strength decreased from 99.0 MPa to 50.2 MPa, impact strength increased from 4.20 kJ/m2 to 6.28 kJ/m2.

Effect of inorganic nanofillers on the impact behavior and fracture probability of industrial high-density polyethylene nanocomposite

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (18) ◽  
pp. 2431-2442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harun Sepet ◽  
Necmettin Tarakcioglu ◽  
RDK Misra
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Fracture Probability ◽  
High Density ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Inorganic Filler ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scanning Electron

The main purpose of this work is to study how the morphology of nanofillers and dispersion and distribution level of inorganic nanofiller influence the impact behavior and fracture probability of inorganic filler filled industrial high-density polyethylene nanocomposites. For this study, nanoclay and nano-CaCO3 fillers–high-density polyethylene mixings (0, 1, 3, 5 wt.% high-density polyethylene) was prepared by melt-mixing method using a compounder system. The impact behavior was examined by charpy impact test, scanning electron microscopy, and probability theory and statistics. The level of the dispersion was characterized with scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis. The results showed rather good dispersion of both of inorganic nanofiller, with a mixture of exfoliated and confined morphology. The results indicated that the impact strength of the industrial nanocomposite decreased with the increase of inorganic particulate content. The impact reliability of the industrial nanocomposites depends on the type of nanofillers and their dispersion and distribution in the matrix.

scholarly journals Microporous structures in natural polymer

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00014
Author(s):  
Maciej Borowczak ◽  
Stanisław Frąckowiak
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Biodegradable Poly ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Scanning Electron

Electrospinning of biodegradable poly (butylene succinate) has been performed from different solvent systems. Alternation of process parameters resulted in respective changes of the surface structure topography which was evaluated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Effect of compatibilizer on the properties of PBS/lignin composites prepared via a vane extruder

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 829-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Yu Liu ◽  
Fu Quan Chen ◽  
Rui Biao Guo ◽  
GuiZhen Zhang ◽  
JinPing Qu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Flexural Property ◽  
Grafted Polymers ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Maleic anhydride (MAH) grafted polymers and silanes have been used as the compatibilizer in poly (butylene succinate)/lignin (PBS/lignin) composites. Compatibilized composites were fabricated by a novel vane extruder (VE). The effects of MAH grafted and coupling agent on the mechanical, thermal property, rheological property and water absorption of PBS/lignin were investigated. The results showed that the use of MAH grafted polymers and silanes resulted in significant improvements in flexural property, tensile modulus and tensile strength. Furthermore, MAH grafted polymers and silanes exhibited some improvement on the properties of vicat softening temperature as well as water absorption. The composites treated by MAH grafted polymers and silanes showed non-Newtonian behaviors from rheological tests. A better interfacial adhesion between lignin and matrix was observed from the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the compatibilized composites.

Effect of Catfish Bone Hydrolysate Addition to Milk in Yogurt Manufacturing

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 2852-2855
Author(s):  
Xiao Qing Ren ◽  
Li Zhen Ma ◽  
Ju Chu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Texture Attributes ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effects of milk supplementation with catfish bone hydrolysate (CBH) at levels of 0, 0.05, 0.15, and 0.5 % on the pH, lactic acid bacteria count (LABC), fermentation time, texture attributes and microstructure of yogurt were investigated. The addition of CBH stimulated acidification and reduced fermentation time (P < 0.05). In comparison with the control yogurt, CBH caused a decrease in product firmness, consistency, cohesiveness and index of viscosity/consistency. The additon of 0.5% CBH produced a higher decrease (P < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy showed that CBH caused changes in microstructure of yogurt that had a coarser, less cross-linked microstructure than control yogurt.

Effect of Nanocellulose Loading on Tensile Properties of Nitrile Rubber

2017 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 112-115
Author(s):  
Erfan Suryani Abdul Rashid ◽  
Wageeh Abdulhadi Yehye ◽  
Nurhidayatullaili Muhd Julkapli ◽  
Sharifah Bee O.A. Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Fracture Surfaces ◽  
Scanning Electron

Nanocellulose (NCC) is incorporated into nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) latex with the composition 0 to 5 phr using dipping method. Mechanical properties of NBR/NCC composites using tensile test was used to characterize their mechanical performance and the fracture surfaces post tensile test were studied. The tensile strength of NBR/NCC composites increase significantly with the addition of nanocellulose. This could be anticipated due to the presence of Van der Waals interaction between hydrophilic natures of nanocellulose with hydrophobic of NBR consequently limits the tearing propagation. The result was supported with the fracture surfaces morphology viewed under Fourier Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM).

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