scholarly journals Fabrication of TiO2-Embedded Polyimide Layer with High Transmittance and Improved Reliability for Liquid Crystal Displays

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 376
Author(s):  
Seung-Rak Son ◽  
Jongil An ◽  
Jin-Wook Choi ◽  
Jun Hyup Lee
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Liquid Crystal Displays ◽  
Alignment Layer ◽  
Tio2 Nps ◽  
Alkyl Chains ◽  
Display Technology ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
The Difference

Construction of liquid crystal (LC) alignment by introducing polyimide (PI) to indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes is one of the main methods to realize high-resolution images in liquid crystal displays (LCD). However, the loss of transmittance caused by the difference in refractive index between ITO and PI leads to direct degradation of LCD performance. Thus, we herein fabricated a functional hybrid PI alignment layer that reduces the difference in refractive index and greatly increases the transmittance of the device by introducing inorganic titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NP) to the organic PI. The highly refractive TiO2 NPs were surface-treated with stearic acid comprising long alkyl chains to improve their dispersibility and uniformly dispersed in the PI matrix by simply stirring the mixture. The hybrid PI mixture was spin-coated on the ITO substrate, and the resulting LC cell exhibited excellent electro-optical properties. In addition, the reliability of the LC cells was enhanced by the inclusion of the TiO2 NPs, which was confirmed through the evaluation of voltage holding ratio, residual direct current, and LC cell reliability. Overall, functional hybrid PI can be used in advanced display technology for next-generation LC devices that require high transmittance and reliability.

Refractive-Index-Matched Indium–Tin-Oxide Electrodes for Liquid Crystal Displays

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 120203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Yan ◽  
Frank W. Mont ◽  
David J. Poxson ◽  
Martin F. Schubert ◽  
Jong Kyu Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Liquid Crystal Displays ◽  
Oxide Electrodes

scholarly journals Light Leakage of Multidomain Vertical Alignment LCDs Using a Colorimetric Model in the Dark State

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Chuen-Lin Tien ◽  
Rong-Ji Lin ◽  
Shang-Min Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Contrast Ratio ◽  
Liquid Crystal Displays ◽  
Vertical Alignment ◽  
Dark State ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Color Shift ◽  
Depolarization Of Light ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Color Filters

Light leakage from liquid crystal displays in the dark state is relatively larger and leads to a degraded contrast ratio and color shift. This work describes a novel colorimetric model based on the Muller matrix that includes depolarization of light propagating through liquid crystal molecules, polarizers, and color filters. In this proposed model, the chromaticity can be estimated in the bump and no-bump regions of an LCD. We indicate that the difference between simulation and measurement of chromaticity is about 0.01. Light leakage in the bump region is three times that in no-bump region in the dark state.

The development of self-assembled liquid crystal display alignment layers

2007 ◽  
Vol 365 (1855) ◽  
pp. 1553-1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Hoogboom ◽  
Johannes A.A.W Elemans ◽  
Alan E Rowan ◽  
Theo H.M Rasing ◽  
Roeland J.M Nolte
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Alignment Layer ◽  
Siloxane Oligomers ◽  
Mobile Telephones ◽  
Phthalocyanine Dyes ◽  
Alignment Layers ◽  
Potential Use

From simple pocket calculators to mobile telephones and liquid crystal display (LCD)-TV, over the past few decades, devices based on LCD technology have proliferated and can now be found in all conceivable aspects of everyday life. Although used in cutting-edge technology, it is surprising that a vital part in the construction of such displays, namely the alignment layer, relies essentially on a mechanical rubbing process, invented almost 100 years ago. In this paper efforts to develop alignment layers (also called command layers) by processes other than rubbing, namely self-assembly of molecular and macromolecular components will be discussed. Two topics will be presented: (i) tuneable command layers formed by stepwise assembling of siloxane oligomers and phthalocyanine dyes on indium tin oxide surfaces and (ii) command layers formed by self-assembly of porphyrin trimers. The potential use of these layers in sensor devices will also be mentioned.

scholarly journals Optimization of Indium Recovery and Separation from LCD Waste by Solvent Extraction with Bis(2-ethylhexyl) Phosphate (D2EHPA)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxu Yang ◽  
Christian Ekberg ◽  
Teodora Retegan
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Liquid Crystal Displays ◽  
Extractant Concentration ◽  
Extraction And Separation ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Aqueous Feed ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
Panel Glass

Indium tin oxide (ITO) is currently the choice of electrode material in liquid crystal displays (LCDs). D2EHPA is known to be an extractant that can be used to selectively recover indium from 1 M sulfuric acid. In order to optimize the extraction and separation of indium from LCD waste, the effects of pH, temperature, time, and extractant concentration on the distribution ratios of In(III) and the major impurities such as Al(III), Cu(II), Fe(III), and Zn(II) were investigated. Metal concentrations in the aqueous feed were based on the concentrations found in the leach liquor of LCD panel glass at 0.1 g/mL S/L ratio. This study showed that extraction of indium could be increased at <293 K and stripping of indium could be increased at >293 K. Furthermore, by increasing D2EHPA concentration from 0.1 M to 0.25 M, extraction of indium could be increased from 70% to >95%.

scholarly journals Liquid Crystal Microlens Using Nanoparticle-Induced Vertical Alignment

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shug-June Hwang ◽  
Yi-Ming Shieh ◽  
Kuo-Ren Lin
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
Nonuniform Distribution ◽  
Vertical Alignment ◽  
Alignment Layer ◽  
Focus Effect ◽  
Oligomeric Silsesquioxane ◽  
Poss Nanoparticle

The nanoparticle-induced vertical alignment (NIVA) of the nematic liquid crystals (LC) is applied to achieve an adaptive flat LC microlens with hybrid-aligned nematic (HAN) mode by dropping polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticle solution on a homogeneous alignment layer. The vertical alignment induced by the POSS nanoparticles resulted in the formation of a hybrid-aligned LC layer with concentric nonuniform distribution of the refractive index in the planar LC cell, which subsequently played the role of the lens, even in the absence of any applied voltages. The dimensions of the concentric HAN structure significantly depend on the volume of the microdroplet and the POSS concentration. The focus effect of this flat microlens was observed while electrically controlling its focal length using the applied voltages from −50 mm to −90 mm.

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