scholarly journals Isolation of Textile Waste Cellulose Nanofibrillated Fibre Reinforced in Polylactic Acid-Chitin Biodegradable Composite for Green Packaging Application

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samsul Rizal ◽  
Funmilayo G. Olaiya ◽  
N. I. Saharudin ◽  
C. K. Abdullah ◽  
Olaiya N. G. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Binary Blend ◽  
Textile Waste ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Waste Cellulose

Textile waste cellulose nanofibrillated fibre has been reported with excellent strength reinforcement ability in other biopolymers. In this research cellulose nanofibrilated fibre (CNF) was isolated from the textile waste cotton fabrics with combined supercritical carbon dioxide and high-pressure homogenisation. The isolated CNF was used to enhance the polylactic acid/chitin (PLA/chitin) properties. The properties enhancement effect of the CNF was studied by characterising the PLA/chitin/CNF biocomposite for improved mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties. The tensile properties, impact strength, dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetry analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and the PLA/chitin/CNF biocomposite wettability were studied. The result showed that the tensile strength, elongation, tensile modulus, and impact strength improved significantly with chitin and CNF compared with the neat PLA. Furthermore, the scanning electron microscopy SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) morphological images showed uniform distribution and dispersion of the three polymers in each other, which corroborate the improvement in mechanical properties. The biocomposite’s water absorption increased more than the neat PLA, and the contact angle was reduced. The results of the ternary blend compared with PLA/chitin binary blend showed significant enhancement with CNF. This showed that the three polymers’ combination resulted in a better material property than the binary blend.

Photoelectric Response of Self Assembled Films of Bacterio-Rhodopsin Purple Membrane Integrated on Silicon

2003 ◽  
Vol 774 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ricceri ◽  
G. Scicolone ◽  
O. Di Marco ◽  
S. Conoci ◽  
B. Pignataro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Scanning Force Microscopy ◽  
Purple Membrane ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Force ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Tungsten Lamp

AbstractBacterio-rhodopsin purple membrane (PM) thin films have been prepared by selfassembling (SA) technique. Morphological properties of the layers were inspected by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Scanning Force Microscopy (SFM) highlighting the presence of densely packed PM films. Reflectance Uv-vis spectra on these films revealed the typical bR absorption at 570 nm. By using a tungsten lamp illuminations (250-350 mW) chopped at 0.5Hz, photoelectric responses were detected. Differential (light-on and light-off) photocurrent signals of up to 1 μA/cm2 were obtained upon light exposure.

Preparation and study on the optical, mechanical, and antibacterial properties of polylactic acid/ZnO/TiO2 shared nanocomposites

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-311
Author(s):  
Ali Tajdari ◽  
Amir Babaei ◽  
Alireza Goudarzi ◽  
Razie Partovi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this research, first, ZnO nanorods were synthesized by hydrothermal method and characterized in terms of morphological and structural properties by means of field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray diffraction techniques. Subsequently, polylactic acid/ZnO, polylactic acid/TiO2, and polylactic acid/ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposites with different percentages of nanoparticles and two different types of ZnO morphologies were prepared and their microstructural, optical, mechanical, hydrolytic degradation, and antibacterial properties were investigated. Field emission scanning electron microscopy results of polylactic acid/ZnO and polylactic acid/TiO2 samples showed a proper dispersion and nanoparticle distribution for low percentages (up to 5 wt%) and increased aggregation for the higher percentages. Besides, a large increase in the aggregation tendency was observed for combined nanoparticles (polylactic acid/ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposites). Results of the tensile test, the UV–Vis absorption tests, and the hydrolytic degradation tests of the samples showed an enhanced mechanical (approximately 55% increase in the presence of 3–5 wt% of nanoparticles) and light absorption and degradation (approximately 85% increase in the presence of 3–10 wt% of nanoparticles) for the polylactic acid by incorporating nanoparticles. It was also observed that, in addition to the quality of dispersion and distribution of nanoparticles in the polymeric matrix, the type of morphology of nanoparticles can contribute to the improvement of these properties. The cylindrical morphology of ZnO played a greater role on improving the polylactic acid mechanical properties compared to the spherical ZnO morphology (approximately 20%). On the contrary, the increased polylactic acid optical properties and degradation with ZnO spherical morphology were more pronounced (approximately 60%). Interestingly, when both ZnO and TiO2 were added, a synergistic effect in the case of UV-shielding and degradation rate and alternatively, a detrimental effect on the mechanical properties were detected. (The polylactic acid optical properties increased by about 17% and its degradation more than doubled.) Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of polylactic acid was investigated against the two Gram-positive Listeria monocytogenes and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli by incorporating nanoparticles. The results indicated that as the nanoparticle percentage increases, the antibacterial activity steadily increases.

scholarly journals Characterization of monoclonal IgG cryoglobulins: fine-structural and morphological analysis

Blood ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 677-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
DN Podell ◽  
CH Packman ◽  
J Maniloff ◽  
GN Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Vascular Occlusion ◽  
Molecular Clusters ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The morphology of the amorphous, gelatinous, and crystalline varieties of monoclonal IgG cryoglobulins was analyzed by light and transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Each cryoglobulin had a characteristic fine structure that correlated with its gross morphology. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the amorphous precipitates were random and disorganized molecular clumps. In contrast, cryogels were thin-walled, well-organized, and hydrated strawlike clusters, whereas cryocrystals formed tightly compacted, highly structured molecular clusters. Crystals that formed in blood produced rouleaux, and analysis by scanning electron microscopy indicated that the crystals could form thick-walled, branching, macromolecular nets that could physically trap cells. The morphological properties provided visual impressions by which cryoglobulins could cause clinical disease secondary to vascular occlusion produced by self- associated IgG cryoglobulin molecules.

Chemical Preparation and Characterizationof Polypyrrole-Polylactic Acid Conductive Composite Membranes

2011 ◽  
Vol 335-336 ◽  
pp. 187-190
Author(s):  
Jian Jun Chen ◽  
Ji Ying Men
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Chemical Preparation ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract: Conductive polypyrrole(PPy)-polylactic Acid(PLA) composite membranes are prepared with chemical method. Membranes have been characterized by Fouier transform infrared spectroscopic(FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy （SEM).The conductive stability of membranes has been measured by home-made multiwell direct current electrical stimulating system. The results show PPy nanparticals network embeds in PLA matrix and the conductive stability of membranes sustains in the range of 28μA~35μA between the observation time of 560h to 1146h.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Improvement in the Tensile and Impact Strength of Polypropylene Reinforced by Graphene

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Li Juan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Morphological Behavior ◽  
Scanning Electron

The nanocomposites of polypropylene (PP)/graphene were prepared by melt blending. The effects of the dosage of graphene on the flow and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were investigated. The morphologies of fracture surfaces were characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The graphene simultaneous enhanced tensile and impact properties of nanocomposites. A 3.22% increase in tensile strength, 39.8% increase in elongation at break, and 26.7% increase in impact strength are achieved by addition of only 1 wt.% of graphene loading. The morphological behavior indicates the fracture surface of PP/graphene is more rough than that of pure PP.

scholarly journals PVP Based Materials: Biodegradation in Different Environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Vanharova ◽  
Marketa Julinova ◽  
Roman Slavik
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe research deals with biodegradation of films prepared from polyvinylpyrrolidone and polylactic acid (PVP/PLA). Biodegradation of PVP/PLA films was supported by the following additives: 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, acrylamide and N-acetyl-L-phenylalanine according to the previous study. The films were prepared by a solvent casting technique. Biodegradation was observed using the respirometric method in different environments. The films subjected to biodegradation were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It was found that the films are substantially degraded, but not in the biological way; PVP was quickly removed in presence of water because of its easy solubility. In contrast, this fact could support biodegradation of PLA, which becomes more available for microorganisms when PVP leaves PLA matrix.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF POLYETHYLENE OXIDE CONTENT ON SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF PLA/CS FILMS LOADING NIFEDIPINE

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thuy Chinh ◽  
Trang Thi Thu Nguyen ◽  
Mai Thi Tran ◽  
Cong Van Do ◽  
Huynh Duc Mai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Polyethylene Oxide ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Hydrophobic Property ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Scanning Electron

This work mentions the effect of polyethylene oxide (PEO) content on some characteristics and properties of polylactic acid (PLA)/chitosan (CS) films loading nifedipine (NIF). The water contact angle, droplet size values and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) images  of the films are used to investigate their morphology and hydrophobicity. The obtained results show that the hydrophobic property of the PLA/CS/NIF films is improved by the presence of PEO. Besides, the PLA/CS/NIF films containing PEO have tighter structure and water absorbed ability less than those of the PLA/CS/NIF films

scholarly journals PENGARUH LIMBAH ABU PEMBAKARAN BIOMASSA KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP SIFAT-SIFAT FISIKA DAN MEKANIK HIGH IMPACT POLYSTYRENE

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Fadhilla Asyri ◽  
Kartini Noor Hafni ◽  
A. Haris Simamora
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study aims was to determine the effect of palm oil fuel ash (POFA) composite as filler on the physical and mechanical properties of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) composites. The research methodology included preparation of raw materials, treatment POFA (hydration process of POFA), mixing using tumbler and then extruder, molding composite specimens, and testing. The variables used were weight ratio of HIPS with 140 mesh POFA at 95/5; 92.5/7.5; 90/10. The composites were tested by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), ash content, specific gravity, tensile strength, elongation at break, impact strength, hardness test, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results of FTIR characterization shows the formation of –OH bonding that was suspected as Si-OH or Si-hydrat. Results of physical and mechanical properties of the composites shows that increase of the filler composition in HIPS-POFA composites until the ratio of 90/10, increase the specific gravity to 7.2% of the original, tensile strength did not change significantly to 28.4 MPa, elongation at break decreased to 2.7%, impact strength decreased to 3.183 KJ/m2, and the hardness increased to 110.5, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) test show the transformation of POFA structure on treated POFA and intercalation between the matrix and POFA.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo genotoxicity and cytotoxicity analysis of protein extract from Aplysina fulva sponges

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e57856
Author(s):  
Alan de França Santana ◽  
Ingrid Regina Avanzi ◽  
Julia Risso Parisi ◽  
Matheus Almeida Cruz ◽  
Giovanna Caroline Aparecida do Vale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Protein Extract ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study evaluated the physicochemical and morphological properties of a marine sponge protein extract (PE) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), analysis of mass loss and pH and in vitro and in vivo. Scanning electron microscopy showed that PE fibers present a granular aspect and irregular structure and the element carbon followed by oxygen was detected in the EDS analysis. Moreover, a 29% of mass loss was observed after 14 days and the pH slightly modified after 14 days. Cell viability of fibroblast cells (L929) of control and PE at a concentration of 25% demonstrated higher values compared to the groups. Osteoblast cell viability of PE at 25 and 50% was significantly higher. Comet assay on day 1 showed higher values for PE at 25%. In addition, in vivo experiments demonstrated that in the treated animals, the bone defects were filled with biomaterial particles, granulation tissue and some areas of newly formed bone. Furthermore, similar immunoexpression of Runx-2 and Cox-2 was observed. Taken together, all results suggest that PE is biocompatible, present non-citotoxicity in the in vitro studies (at the lower concentration) and in the in vivo studies and it can be considered as an alternative source of collagen for tissue engineering proposals.

Comparative Study of Different Source of Silica-Filled Epoxy Resin

2013 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Sun ◽  
Xue Qing Liu ◽  
Ji Yan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Fume Silica ◽  
Rice Husk Silica ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Better Than

The mechanical properties and morphologies of fume precipitate and rice husk silica filled EP composites have been compared. The density, specific area of the silica decreases in the order of fume silica, precipitate silica and rice husk silica, while the silica size increases with the order above. It is shown that the fume silica/EP exhibits the highest flexural strength and modulus, followed by the precipitate silica/EP and the rice husk silica/EP. The rice husk silica/EP exhibits the highest in impact strength as silica is 1 phr. Over 5 phr of silica, fume silica/EP has the highest in impact strength, while the rice silica/EP is better than precipitate silica/EP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results show that the fume silica has best dispersion and least filler agglomerates in matrix. The better dispersion will be responsible for the higher reinforcing and processing viscosity of the fume silica.

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