scholarly journals Improving the Tensile and Tear Properties of Thermoplastic Starch/Dolomite Biocomposite Film through Sonication Process

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Azlin Fazlina Osman ◽  
Lilian Siah ◽  
Awad A. Alrashdi ◽  
Anwar Ul-Hamid ◽  
Ismail Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Packaging Film ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Biocomposite Film ◽  
Tear Properties

In this work, dolomite filler was introduced into thermoplastic starch (TPS) matrix to form TPS-dolomite (TPS-DOL) biocomposites. TPS-DOL biocomposites were prepared at different dolomite loadings (1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt% and 5 wt%) and by using two different forms of dolomite (pristine (DOL(P) and sonicated dolomite (DOL(U)) via the solvent casting technique. The effects of dolomite loading and sonication process on the mechanical properties of the TPS-DOL biocomposites were analyzed using tensile and tear tests. The chemistry aspect of the TPS-DOL biocomposites was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. According to the mechanical data, biocomposites with a high loading of dolomite (4 and 5 wt%) possess greater tensile and tear properties as compared to the biocomposites with a low loading of dolomite (1 and 2 wt%). Furthermore, it is also proved that the TPS-DOL(U) biocomposites have better mechanical properties when compared to the TPS-DOL(P) biocomposites. Reduction in the dolomite particle size upon the sonication process assisted in its dispersion and distribution throughout the TPS matrix. Thus, this led to the improvement of the tensile and tear properties of the biocomposite. Based on the findings, it is proven that the sonication process is a simple yet beneficial technique in the production of the TPS-dolomite biocomposites with improved tensile and tear properties for use as packaging film.

scholarly journals Effects of Bi2O3 Doping on the Mechanical Properties of PbO Ceramic Pellets Used in Lead-Cooled Fast Reactors

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Ma ◽  
Anxia Yang ◽  
Huiping Zhu ◽  
Arslan Muhammad ◽  
Pengwei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Eutectic Alloy ◽  
Composite Ceramic ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Oxygen Control ◽  
Fast Reactors ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lead Bismuth Eutectic

In this paper, the effects of Bi2O3 doping on the mechanical properties of PbO ceramic pellets were studied. Different ratios of Bi2O3/PbO (i.e., xBi2O3-(1−x) PbO, where x is 0, 1, 3, 5, or 7 wt.%) were fabricated and sintered at 570, 620, and 670 °C. Mechanical properties including density, hardness, flexural strength, and sintering of PbO were studied for each of the aforementioned compositions. Phase composition, microstructure, and the worn surfaces of the composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD analysis revealed that a solid solution formed in the composite ceramic. The best suited conditions of temperature and doping of Bi2O3 for optimal sintering were found to be 620 °C and 3 wt.%, respectively. The hardness of the 3 wt.% Bi2O3-97 wt.% PbO ceramic was found to be 717 MPa, which is about four times higher than the hardness of pure PbO. In addition, the strength of the composites was found to be 43 MPa, which is two times higher than that of pure PbO. The integrity of the composites was verified using the lead–bismuth eutectic alloy flushing experiment. The results of this research paper are important for future studies of oxygen control in the lead–bismuth eutectic alloy of lead-cooled fast reactors.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF A POLYURETHANE/MONTMORILLONITE NANOCOMPOSITE FEATURING ORGANOMODIFICATION SYNTHESIZED VIA IN SITU POLYMERIZATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rouhollah Bagheri ◽  
Reza Darvishi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Silicate Layer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
End Groups ◽  
Layer Sample ◽  
Silicate Layers

ABSTRACT In this study, polyurethane (PU)/organomodified montmorillonite (cloisite®30B) is synthesized via in situ polymerization by reaction of an ether-based prepolymer with the isocyanate end groups and adiamine chain extender (4, 4-methylene-bis(2-chloroaniline)) in the presence of different amounts of nanoparticles dispersed in the prepolymer matrix by an ultrasonic mixer for 1 h. The synthesized polymers are cast on a pretreated carbon steel sheet and cured at 120 °C in an oven. The PU and its composites have been characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and mechanical testing. The XRD analysis of the cured samples containing 1 to 3 wt% cloisite30B showed intercalation segments in the silicate layers and exfoliation for 0.5 wt% nanoparticles. The highest mechanical properties were obtained using the cured exfoliated silicate layer sample. A twofold increase in the ultimate tensile strength and a 2.3 times increase in the adhesion strength were found for 0.5 wt% organoclay/PU as compared with that of pure PU. In addition, the exfoliated structure sample exhibited a 16% reduction in abrasion compared with that of pure PU.

Measurement of Alloying Degree of Galvannealed Steels by X-Ray Diffraction

2006 ◽  
Vol 321-323 ◽  
pp. 1461-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyoung Kuk Park ◽  
Jea Hwa Hong ◽  
Chong Soo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Pls Regression ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Galvannealed Steel

Galvannealed steels are produced by reheating of Zinc-coated steels, in which the iron and the zinc are interdiffused to form Zn-Fe intermatallic compound. In recent years, application of galvannealed steel has increased due to its excellent corrosion resistance, good weldability and paintability. Galvannealed production requires strict control of processing conditions to obtain an optimal alloying degree in the coatings. The analysis of the alloying degree is very important since they are closely related to the corrosion and mechanical properties. This study is measurement of alloying degree of the galvannealed steel by using the XRD. Partial least squares (PLS) model is a powerful multivariate tool that has been successfully applied to the quantitative analysis of data in XRD. The alloying degree was determined by using PLS regression to a concentration accuracy of 0.2%. The XRD analysis and proposed PLS model can be successfully used to determine the alloying degree of industrially produced galvannealed steel.

Effect of expandable and expanded graphites on the thermo-mechanical properties of polyamide 11

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Oulmou ◽  
A Benhamida ◽  
A Dorigato ◽  
A Sola ◽  
M Messori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Polyamide 11 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffraction Peaks ◽  
Graphite Composites ◽  
And Storage

The preparation and thermo-mechanical characterization of composites based on polyamide 11 (PA11) filled with various amounts of both expandable and expanded graphites are presented. Investigation conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy and surface area analyses indicated how graphite expanded under the selected processing conditions. The XRD analysis on PA11/graphite composites revealed no change in the crystal form of the PA11, while the presence of diffraction peaks associated to the graphite-stacked lamellae can be still detected. All the investigated composites showed an improvement of the thermal stability and mechanical properties (elastic and storage moduli).

Mechanical Properties of Fly Ash-Slag-Dredged Silt System Stimulated by Alkali

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1140-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Xuan Chen ◽  
Xiu Li Sun ◽  
Zhi Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Shear Tests ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Direct Shear Tests

The objective of this work is to investigate the stimulation effect of the addition of alkali on the fly ash and slag for stabilizing dredged silt. Based on the test results, a viable alternative for the final disposal of dredged silt as subgrade construction materials were proposed. For this purpose, several mixtures of dredged silt-fly ash-slag and alkali were prepared and stabilized/solidified. In this system, fly ash and slag were used as hardening agents (solidified materials) of dredged silt and alkali was used as activator of fly ash and slag. The shear strength of the mixture was tested by several direct shear tests. Furthermore, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to determine the hydration products of the system. The specimens were tested in order to determine the shear strength changes versus hydration time and the alkali content. It is indicated that mechanical properties of solidified silt are improved significantly by addition of fly ash and slag stimulated by alkali.

Characterization of Ti-xNb (x = 25 – 35) Alloys in as Melt and Annealed States

2019 ◽  
Vol 946 ◽  
pp. 287-292
Author(s):  
Alexander Thoemmes ◽  
Ivan V. Ivanov ◽  
Alexey Ruktuev
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Nb Content ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effect of Nb content on microstructure, mechanical properties and phase formation in as-melt and annealed binary Ti-Nb alloys were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The content of Nb varied in the range 25-35 mass % leading to significant changes in the microstructure. The annealed and furnace-cooled binary Ti-Nb samples exhibited HCP martensitic α` phase at a Nb content below 27.5 mass % and metastable BCC β phase at higher contents of Nb. The mechanical properties of alloys depended strongly on the Nb content and type of the dominating phase.

Synthesis and Characterization of TiO2Nanoparticles with Polycarbonate and Investigation of its Mechanical Properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (05n06) ◽  
pp. 1750012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Jahantigh ◽  
Mehdi Nazirzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this project, nanocomposite films were prepared with different Titanium dioxide (TiO2) percentages. Properties of polycarbonate (PC) and PC–TiO2nanocomposite films were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The structure of samples was studied by XRD. The mechanical properties of PC–TiO2nanocomposite films were investigated by conducting tensile tests and hardness measurements. Thermal stability of the nanocomposites was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) method. The elastic modulus of the composite increased with increasing weight fraction of nanoparticles. The microhardness value increases with increasing TiO2nanoparticles. The results of tensile testing were in agreement with those of micro-hardness measurements. In addition, TGA curves showed that nanocomposite films have higher resistance to thermal degradation compared to polycarbonate. There are many reports related to the modification of polycarbonate films, but still a systematic study of them is required.

Comparison of Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Annealed and Quenched Ti-Nb Alloys

2018 ◽  
Vol 769 ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Thoemmes ◽  
Ivan V. Ivanov ◽  
Adelya A. Kashimbetova
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Nb Content ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effect of Nb content on microstructure, mechanical properties and phase formation in annealed and quenched binary Ti-Nb alloys were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The content of Nb varied in the range 0-37 mass % leading to significant changes in the microstructure. The annealed and furnace-cooled binary Ti-Nb samples exhibited HCP martensitic α` phase at a Nb content below 14 mass % and stable BCC β phase at higher contents of Nb. The structure of the quenched samples changed with increase of Nb content in the following order: coarse primary martensite → fine acicular (α`+α``) martensite → single β phase structure. The mechanical properties of alloys strongly depended on the Nb content and type of the dominating phase.

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) - Organo Modified Montmorillonite Nanohybrid; Preparation and Characterization

2012 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Salehabadi ◽  
Mohamad Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Modified Montmorillonite ◽  
Degradation Rate Constant ◽  
Degradation Activation Energy ◽  
Silicate Layers

Nano-biohybrid, based on biodegradable polyester, poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), and a commercial organo modified montmorillonite (MMT), were prepared by solvent casting technique. Morphology and non-isothermal degradation of PHB and PHB/MMT hybrids were characterized by POM and TG-DTG technique. In the composite materials, an increase MMT loading in the PHB decreased the onset temperature (Tonset) of thermal degradation, while it achieved higher values upon increasing the heating rate. Kissinger plots deduced a trend of the degradation activation energy, Ed, which was related to the agglomeration of MMT. The thermal degradation rate constant, k, was related to the MMT loading in PHB. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the expansion of MMT silicate layers.

scholarly journals Spectral Properties of PMMA Films Doped by Perylene Dyestuffs for Photoselective Greenhouse Cladding Applications

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 494 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. El-Bashir ◽  
M. AlSalhi ◽  
F. Al-Faifi ◽  
W. Alenazi
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Promising Application ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet

Luminescent polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) films were prepared by the solvent-casting technique from polymer solution doped with different concentrations of red perylene dyestuffs (KREMER 94720 and KREMER 94739). The effect of the dye concentration on the structure and spectroscopic properties was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) optical absorption, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The optimum dye concentration of photoselective PMMA films was determined by the fluorescence spectroscopy measurements and showed the best emission properties for the doping concentration 10−3 wt % of the investigated dyes. The accelerated photostability tests showed promising stability of the prepared films towards terrestrial solar ultraviolet radiation (UVA). The results endorsed a promising application of the investigated films in photoselective greenhouse cladding applications as the optimized film fluoresces at the action spectra of special chlorophyll a.

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