scholarly journals Polystyrene Biodegradation by Tenebrio molitor Larvae: Identification of Generated Substances Using a GC-MS Untargeted Screening Method

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Emmanouil Tsochatzis ◽  
Joao Alberto Lopes ◽  
Helen Gika ◽  
Georgios Theodoridis
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Biochemical Activity ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Methyl Styrene ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor Larvae

A GC-MS method has been applied to screen and evaluate the generation of chemical compounds during the biodegradation of polystyrene (PS) with Tenebrio molitor larvae. Several resulting compounds have been identified, including trimers 2,4,6-triphenyl-1-hexene and 1,3,5-triphenylcyclohexane, the volatiles acetophenone and cumyl alcohol, and 2,4-di-tert butylphenol, a non-intentionally added substance (NIAS) present in the plastic material. The PS monomers styrene and α-methyl styrene were also identified in the extracts. Bioactive molecules present in the biomass of the studied insects were identified, such as the free fatty acids myristic, palmitic, and oleic acid. Undecanoic acid was also found, but in lower mass fractions. Finally, biochemically formatted amides resulting from their respective fatty acids were identified, namely tetradecanamide, hexadecanamide and oleamide. The formation of all these substances seems to suggest enzymatic and biochemical activity occurring during the biodegradation of PS, and their amounts varied throughout the experience. The overall degradation rate of PS resulted in a 13% rate, which highlights the potential of biorecycling using these insects.

scholarly journals Tenebrio molitor Larvae Meal Affects the Cecal Microbiota of Growing Pigs

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1151
Author(s):  
Sandra Meyer ◽  
Denise K. Gessner ◽  
Garima Maheshwari ◽  
Julia Röhrig ◽  
Theresa Friedhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Cecal Microbiota ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor Larvae ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

The hypothesis tested was that dietary inclusion of insect meal (IM) causes an alteration in the cecal microbiota composition and its fermentation activity of growing pigs. Five-week-old male crossbred pigs were randomly assigned to three groups of 10 pigs each, and fed isonitrogenous diets either without (CON) or with 5% IM (IM5) or 10% IM (IM10) from Tenebrio molitor larvae for four weeks. The relative abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes was lower in group IM10 than in group CON (p < 0.05), whereas the relative abundance of Firmicutes and the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes-ratio tended to be higher in groups IM10 and IM5 than in group CON (p < 0.1). The relative abundance of the Proteobacteria tended to be higher in group IM10 than in groups CON and IM5 (p < 0.1). The concentrations of the total short-chain fatty acids in the cecal digesta did not differ between the three groups, but the concentrations of the branched-chain fatty acids in the cecal digesta were higher in group IM5 and IM10 than in group CON (p < 0.05). The present study shows for the first time that the replacement of soybean meal by Tenebrio molitor larvae meal causes a shift of the cecal microbial community and its fermentation activity in growing pigs.

Sulfakinin Signalling Influences Fatty Acid Levels and Composition in Tenebrio Molitor Beetle

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 949-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Slocinska ◽  
Mariola Kuczer ◽  
Marek Gołębiowski
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Activity Inhibition ◽  
Myotropic Activity ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor Larvae

Background: Sulfakinins are arthropod neuropeptides that are structurally and functionally similar to vertebrate gastrin-cholecystokinin. Sulfakinins with sulfated tyrosine (sSK) or nonsulfated tyrosine (nSK) in the C-terminated heptapeptide XY(SO3H)GHMRFamide display different biological functions, including myotropic activity, inhibition of food intake, stimulation of digestive enzymes and regulation of carbohydrate and lipid content. Objective: To reveal the mechanisms by which sulfakinin signalling modulates lipid homeostasis, we analysed the changes in the level and composition of fatty acids and organic compounds in the fat body and haemolymph of Tenebrio molitor larvae after nSK and sSK treatment. Methods: Fatty acids in fat body and haemolymph of insects were analysed using Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). Results: The direction of the changes observed for major fatty acids, 18:1 and 18:2, and the less abundant fatty acids, 16:0, 18:0, 16:1 and 14:0, was the same for unsaturated (UFAs) and saturated (SFAs) fatty acids, and elevated after nSK application in both analysed tissues. However, the action of sSK in fat body tissue evoked distinct effects and induced either significant decreases in individual fatty acids or UFAs and SFAs. Administration of nSK and sSK significantly increased the level of total organic compounds in the haemolymph, contrary to the effect of sSK in fat body, where the level of total organic compounds decreased, although changes differ between individual chemicals. Conclusion: Sulfakinins are engaged in the precise modulation of fatty acid levels and composition, but their action depends on the presence of sulfate group on the tyrosyl residue of the peptide what determines the different roles of these peptides in insect physiology.

Effect of Tenebrio molitor larvae meal on the antioxidant status and stress response pathways in tissues of growing pigs

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Robert Ringseis ◽  
Lukas Peter ◽  
Denise K. Gessner ◽  
Sandra Meyer ◽  
Erika Most ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor Larvae

Compensation for Temperature in the Digestive Metabolism of Tenebrio molitor Larvae

1964 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalom W. Applebaum ◽  
Miroslava Janković ◽  
Jelena Grozdanović ◽  
Dragoslav Marinković
Keyword(s):  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor Larvae

scholarly journals Correction: Involvement of phenoloxidase in browning during grinding of Tenebrio molitor larvae

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e0192015
Author(s):  
Renske H. Janssen ◽  
Catriona M. M. Lakemond ◽  
Vincenzo Fogliano ◽  
Giovanni Renzone ◽  
Andrea Scaloni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor Larvae

INSTRUMENTAL METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF ACID VALUES  OF RAPESEED LECITHINS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.П. Викторова ◽  
О.С. Агафонов ◽  
Е.В. Лисовая ◽  
М.Р. Жане ◽  
Т.А. Шахрай ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Nmr Signals

Разработан метод определения одного из основных физикохимических показателей качества жидких рапсовых лецитинов (РЛ) кислотного числа (КЧ) с применением ядерномагнитной релаксации (ЯМР). В качестве объекта исследований были образцы жидких РЛ с значениями КЧ 19,3 27,8 и 36,5 мг КОН/г, которые использовали для определения оптимального соотношения массовых долей в системе РЛ водный раствор гидроксида натрия концентрацией 1,0 моль/дм3, обеспечивающего полную нейтрализацию свободных жирных кислот и фосфолипидов, проявляющих кислотные свойства. Установлено, что для достижения стабильных результатов измерений аналитического параметра амплитуды сигналов ЯМР протонов мыла, количественно характеризующего содержание свободных жирных кислот и фосфолипидов, необходимыми условиями подготовки пробы жидкого РЛ являются: соотношение массовых долей системы РЛ четыреххлористый углерод 1 : 4 соответственно, системы РЛ раствор гидроксида натрия 1 : 1 соответственно продолжительность перемешивания системы РЛ четыреххлористый углерод раствор гидроксида натрия 2 мин. Выявлена линейная зависимость между КЧ жидких РЛ и амплитудой сигналов ЯМР протонов мыла Ам: КЧ 2,226 0,900Ам. A method for determining one of the main physical and chemical indicators of the quality of liquid rapeseed lecithins (RL) acid number using nuclear magnetic relaxation (NMR) was developed. Samples of the liquid RL with values of acid number 19,3 27,8 and 36,5 mg KOH/g has been the object of research. Samples of liquid RL were used to determine the optimal ratio of mass fractions in the system of RL aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide concentration of 1,0 mol/dm3, providing complete neutralization of free fatty acids and phospholipids exhibiting acidic properties. It was found that to achieve stable results of measurements of the analytical parameter the amplitude of the NMR signals of soap protons, quantitatively characterizing the content of free fatty acids and phospholipids, the preparation of liquid RL samples is necessary: the ratio of the mass fractions of the RL carbon tetrachloride system as 1 : 4, respectively, the RL sodium hydroxide system as 1 : 1, respectively the mixing time of the RL carbon tetrachloride system is 2 min. A linear relationship between acid number fluid RL and the amplitude of the NMR signals of protons of soap As detected: Acid number 2,226 0,900 As

Feeding of cuticles from Tenebrio molitor larvae modulates the gut microbiota and attenuates hepatic steatosis in obese Zucker rats

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armaghan Saeb ◽  
Sarah Maria Grundmann ◽  
Denise K Gessner ◽  
Sven Schuchardt ◽  
Erika Most ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor Larvae

an alternative and sustainable source of food and feed. A byproduct from mass-rearing of insect larvae are the shed cuticles - the most external components of insects which are a...

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