scholarly journals Hydrothermally Assisted Synthesis of Porous Polyaniline@Carbon Nanotubes–Manganese Dioxide Ternary Composite for Potential Application in Supercapattery

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2918
Author(s):  
Javed Iqbal ◽  
Mohammad Omaish Ansari ◽  
Arshid Numan ◽  
S. Wageh ◽  
Ahmed Al-Ghamdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Manganese Dioxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Cyclic Stability ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ternary Composite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synthesis Methodology

In this study, ternary composites of polyaniline (PANI) with manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanorods and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared by employing a hydrothermal methodology and in-situ oxidative polymerization of aniline. The morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy showed that the MnO2 possessed nanorod like structures in its pristine form, while in the ternary PANI@CNT/MnO2 composite, coating of PANI over CNT/MnO2, rods/tubes were evidently seen. The structural analysis by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed peaks corresponding to MnO2, PANI and CNT, which suggested efficacy of the synthesis methodology. The electrochemical performance in contrast to individual components revealed the enhanced performance of PANI@CNT/MnO2 composite due to the synergistic/additional effect of PANI, CNT and MnO2 compared to pure MnO2, PANI and PANI@CNT. The PANI@CNT/MnO2 ternary composite exhibited an excellent specific capacity of 143.26 C g−1 at a scan rate of 3 mV s−1. The cyclic stability of the supercapattery (PANI@CNT/MnO2/activated carbon)—consisting of a battery type electrode—demonstrated a gradual increase in specific capacity with continuous charge–discharge over ~1000 cycles and showed a cyclic stability of 119% compared to its initial value after 3500 cycles.

scholarly journals Cobalt Oxide Nanograins and Silver Nanoparticles Decorated Fibrous Polyaniline Nanocomposite as Battery-Type Electrode for High Performance Supercapattery

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2816
Author(s):  
Javed Iqbal ◽  
Arshid Numan ◽  
Mohammad Omaish Ansari ◽  
Rashida Jafer ◽  
Priyanka R. Jagadish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cobalt Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Cyclic Stability ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ternary Nanocomposite

In this study, silver (Ag) and cobalt oxide (Co3O4) decorated polyaniline (PANI) fibers were prepared by the combination of in-situ aniline oxidative polymerization and the hydrothermal methodology. The morphology of the prepared Ag/Co3O4@PANI ternary nanocomposite was studied by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, while the structural studies were carried out by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The morphological characterization revealed fibrous shaped PANI, coated with Ag and Co3O4 nanograins, while the structural studies revealed high purity, good crystallinity, and slight interactions among the constituents of the Ag/Co3O4@PANI ternary nanocomposite. The electrochemical performance studies revealed the enhanced performance of the Ag/Co3O4@PANI nanocomposite due to the synergistic/additional effect of Ag, Co3O4 and PANI compared to pure PANI and Co3O4@PANI. The addition of the Ag and Co3O4 provided an extended site for faradaic reactions leading to the high specific capacity. The Ag/Co3O4@PANI ternary nanocomposite exhibited an excellent specific capacity of 262.62 C g−1 at a scan rate of 3 mV s−1. The maximum energy and power density were found to be 14.01 Wh kg−1 and 165.00 W kg−1, respectively. The cyclic stability of supercapattery (Ag/Co3O4@PANI//activated carbon) consisting of a battery type electrode demonstrated a gradual increase in specific capacity with a continuous charge–discharge cycle until ~1000 cycles, then remained stable until 2500 cycles and later started decreasing, thereby showing the cyclic stability of 121.03% of its initial value after 3500 cycles.

Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes/Al2O3 Inorganic Hybrid Material - A Bio-Inspired Poly(Dopamine) Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 127-135
Author(s):  
Wen Zhao ◽  
Wen Cai Wang ◽  
Yong Lai Lu ◽  
Li Qun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
The Self ◽  
Liquid Phase Deposition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cnts Surface

Carbon nanotubes/alumina (CNTs/Al2O3) nanocomposites were prepared by the poly (dopamine) assisted chemical liquid phase deposition (CLPD). The poly (dopamine) layers were firstly coated on the CNTs surface uniformly by the self-oxidative polymerization of dopamine in mild aqueous solution and then the Al2O3 nanoparticles formed on the poly (dopamine) coated CNTs surface by the CLPD. The hydrophilic poly (dopamine) layers on the CNTs surface can improve the dispersion of CNTs in aqueous solution. Moreover, it can be used as a key linker between the CNTs and Al2O3 because of the nitrogen-containing group in poly (dopamine) could coordinate with Al3+ ions. The as-prepared poly (dopamine) coated CNTs and CNTs/Al2O3 nanohybrids were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-radial diffractometer (XRD) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). These results showed that the poly (dopamine) layers were coated on the surface of CNTs uniformly, and the Al2O3 nanoparticles embellished with the poly (dopamine) coated CNTs surface. Compared with pristine NR composites, the thermal conductivity of the as-prepared NR/CNTs@Al2O3 composites increased 17%.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF Ag2O/CNTs NANOCOMPOSITE TO BE USED AS A CATHODE MATERIAL FOR ZINC - SILVER BATTERIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2A) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Tu
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Material ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Interpenetrating Network ◽  
High Specific Capacity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Good Cycling Stability

In this article, Ag2O/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nanocomposite has been prepared by chemical reduction method and used as a cathode material for zinc-silver batteries. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) tests reveal the CNTs and Ag2O nanotubes form an interpenetrating network structure. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis confirmed that the Ag2O shows Cubic (Pn-3) crystal structure and mixture element states in the nanocomposite. The charging/discharging property of the Ag2O/CNTs nanocomposite was studied by galvanostatic charge-discharge measurement as a cathode material. The results indicated that Ag2O/CNTs nanocomposite has high specific capacity and good cycling stability. For the current density of 0.53 mA/cm2 (2.5C), the initial specific capacity of the nanocomposite is 190 mAh/g and remains 172 mAh/g after 20 cycles. 

Synthesis of MoO3/V2O5/C Composite as Novel Anode for Li-Ion Battery Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 2911-2916
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Guangxue Zhang ◽  
Chuanqi Feng
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Battery Application

The MoO3/V2O5/C, MoO3/C and V2O5/C are synthesized by electrospinning combined with heat treatment. These samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) techniques. The results show that sample MoO3/V2O5/C is a composite composed from MoO3, V2O5 and carbon. It takes on morphology of the nanofibers with the diameter of 200~500 nm. The TG analysis result showed that the carbon content in the composite is about 40.63%. Electrochemical properties for these samples are studied. When current density is 0.2 A g−1, the MoO3/V2O5/C could retain the specific capacity of 737.6 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles and its coulomb efficiency is 92.99%, which proves that MoO3/V2O5/C has better electrochemical performance than that of MoO3/C and V2O5/C. The EIS and linear Warburg coefficient analysis results show that the MoO3/V2O5/C has larger Li+ diffusion coefficient and superior conductivity than those of MoO3/C or V2O5/C. So MoO3/V2O5/C is a promising anode material for lithium ion battery application.

Effect of HCl+LiF Etching Process on Electrochemical Performance of Ti3C2

NANO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 2050058
Author(s):  
Yuhua Huang ◽  
Weiwei Li ◽  
Bingchu Mei ◽  
Yu Yang ◽  
Zuodong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Lithium Fluoride ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Etching Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
In Situ Oxidation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper, the effects of etching temperature and concentrations of hydrochloric acid (HCl) on the exfoliating process and the electrochemical performance of LIBs were systematically explored. The transformation from Ti3AlC2 to Ti3C2 was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectra. The suitable conditions of preparing Ti3C2 MXene though HCl and lithium fluoride (LiF) were obtained. Besides, the in-situ oxidation conditions of Ti3C2 during the etching process were studied. The TiO2/Ti3C2 was beneficial to improve the specific capacity from 125[Formula: see text]mAh[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] to 150[Formula: see text]mAh[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] at 1 C.

Synthesis and characterization of organic–inorganic poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/MoS2 nanocomposite via in situ oxidative polymerization

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vadivel Murugan ◽  
Mathieu Quintin ◽  
Marie-Helene Delville ◽  
Guy Campet ◽  
Annamraju Kasi Viswanath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Rechargeable Lithium Batteries ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Basal Distance ◽  
New Type

Here we demonstrate the synthesis of a new type of layered poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy- thiophene) (PEDOT)/MoS2 nanocomposite via flocculation of delaminated MoS2 with subsequent in situ oxidative polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene. The resulting nanocomposite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermal analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and four-probe electrical conductivity measurements with respect to temperature. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the exfoliated MoS2 and PEDOT are restacked to produce a novel nanoscale composite material containing alternate nanoribbons of PEDOT in between MoS2 with a basal distance of ∼1.38 nm. The nanocomposite, which could be used as a cathode material for small power rechargeable lithium batteries, has also been demonstrated by the electrochemical insertion of lithium into the PEDOT/MoS2 nanocomposite, where a significant enhancement in the discharge capacity is observed, compared to that of respective pristine molybdenum disulfide.

Carbon Nanotubes/MnO2 Composite Fabricated via Laser Welding and Electrodeposition as Flexible Electrode for Supercapacitors

NANO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (06) ◽  
pp. 1950074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingping He ◽  
Jianguang Li ◽  
Wanli Xu ◽  
Zhenqiang Dong ◽  
Yuechao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Cyclic Voltammogram ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Porous Network ◽  
Flexible Electrode ◽  
X Ray

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were welded on the surface of thermoplastic polypropylene (PP) substrate by laser irradiation and then manganese dioxide (MnO2) was deposited on the surface of CNTs by electrochemical method to prepare CNTs/MnO2 flexible electrodes (L-CM). The microstructure and morphology of CNTs/MnO2 composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that CNTs were welded on the surface of the substrate, adhering to each other to form a porous network structure. In addition, there were distinct small protrusions on the surface of CNTs, indicating that MnO2 had been successfully deposited on the surface of CNTs. Cyclic voltammogram (CV), galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques were employed to investigate the electrochemical performance of the composites. Compared with CNTs/MnO2 composite prepared via compaction (denoted as C-CM), L-CM composite prepared under the laser power of 0.75[Formula: see text]W (denoted as L-CM75) showed a larger capacitance of 214.6[Formula: see text]F[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] at the current density of 0.5[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] and displayed excellent bendability, demonstrating capacitance retention of approximately 89.6% after 1000 bending cycles. The excellent performance of L-CM75 may be attributed to the fact that the CNTs welded on the substrate have formed an effective conductive network whose porous structure can facilitate easy access of electrolytes to the electrode, which results in enhancement of the electrochemical performance of L-CM75.

scholarly journals Chlorination of Carbon Nanotubes Obtained on the Different Metal Catalysts

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Pełech ◽  
Robert Pełech ◽  
Urszula Narkiewicz ◽  
Dariusz Moszyński ◽  
Anna Jędrzejewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Impurity Content ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Cobalt Catalysts ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Co Catalyst ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanocrystalline Iron ◽  
Functionalization Of Carbon Nanotubes

In this paper, a chlorination method is proposed for simultaneous purification and functionalization of carbon nanotubes, thus increasing their ability to use. Carbon nanotubes were obtained by CVD method through ethylene decomposition on the nanocrystalline iron or cobalt or bimetallic iron-cobalt catalysts. The effects of temperature (50, 250, and 450°C) in the case of carbon nanotubes obtained on the Fe-Co catalyst and type of catalyst (Fe, Co, Fe/Co) on the effectiveness of the treatment and functionalization were tested. The phase composition of the samples was determined using the X-ray diffraction method. The quantitative analysis of metal impurity content was validated by means of the thermogravimetric analysis. Using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis, and also Mohr titration method, the presence of chlorine species on the surface of chlorinated samples was confirmed.

SYNTHESIS AND ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF GRAPHENE/MnO2/CONDUCTING POLYMER TERNARY COMPOSITE FOR SUPERCAPACITORS

NANO ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350004 ◽  
Author(s):  
JINXIAN LIN ◽  
YUYING ZHENG ◽  
QIFENG DU ◽  
MINGPING HE ◽  
ZHONGWEN DENG
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Cycle Stability ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Ternary Composite ◽  
X Ray

Graphene(RGO)/ MnO2 /[N-butyl-3,6-carbazolevinylene-alt-(2,5-dioctyloxy)-p-phenylenevinylene] (PPH–CAR) ternary nanocomposite is fabricated by a simple two-step method, which includes electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO) and oxidation of Mn(CH3COO)2 simultaneously and an ultrathin PPH–CAR layer coated on the RGO/ MnO2 surface. The structure of the composite is investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The results suggest that the composite is correctly synthesized and each component has good dispersion. Cycle voltammetry (CV), charge and discharge measurements and cycle stability test are used to evaluate its electrochemical performance. Because of the synergistic effect of each component, the composite exhibits excellent electrochemical properties with specific capacitance of 175 F/g, which is a 46% increase compared with RGO/ MnO2 . Moreover, it reveals outstanding cycling performance with more than 90% capacitance retention over 1000 cycles. Such ternary composite is a candidate for high performance supercapacitors with great promise.

Investigation of the Effect of Uv-Assisted Oxidation and Nitridation of Hafnium Metal Films

2003 ◽  
Vol 780 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Essary ◽  
V. Craciun ◽  
J. M. Howard ◽  
R. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Grazing Angle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Metal Thin Films ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Silicon Interface

AbstractHf metal thin films were deposited on Si substrates using a pulsed laser deposition technique in vacuum and in ammonia ambients. The films were then oxidized at 400 °C in 300 Torr of O2. Half the samples were oxidized in the presence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation from a Hg lamp array. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and grazing angle X-ray diffraction were used to compare the crystallinity, roughness, and composition of the films. It has been found that UV radiation causes roughening of the films and also promotes crystallization at lower temperatures.Furthermore, increased silicon oxidation at the interface was noted with the UVirradiated samples and was shown to be in the form of a mixed layer using angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Incorporation of nitrogen into the film reduces the oxidation of the silicon interface.

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