scholarly journals Progress in the Applications of Smart Piezoelectric Materials for Medical Devices

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2754
Author(s):  
Angelika Zaszczyńska ◽  
Arkadiusz Gradys ◽  
Paweł Sajkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Effect ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Neural Tissue ◽  
Medical Industry ◽  
Neural Tissue Engineering ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices

Smart piezoelectric materials are of great interest due to their unique properties. Piezoelectric materials can transform mechanical energy into electricity and vice versa. There are mono and polycrystals (piezoceramics), polymers, and composites in the group of piezoelectric materials. Recent years show progress in the applications of piezoelectric materials in biomedical devices due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. Medical devices such as actuators and sensors, energy harvesting devices, and active scaffolds for neural tissue engineering are continually explored. Sensors and actuators from piezoelectric materials can convert flow rate, pressure, etc., to generate energy or consume it. This paper consists of using smart materials to design medical devices and provide a greater understanding of the piezoelectric effect in the medical industry presently. A greater understanding of piezoelectricity is necessary regarding the future development and industry challenges.

scholarly journals Vibration Analysis of Rotating Wind Turbine Blades Based on Piezoelectric Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Ben Jing ◽  
Wang Hao
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Variable Coefficient ◽  
Piezoelectric Effect ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Flexible Beam ◽  
Wind Turbine Blades ◽  
Sensors And Actuators

Piezoelectric materials have a piezoelectric effect that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. In this paper, the blades of the rotating wind turbine are simplified as flexible beams fixed on the rotating wheels, and piezoelectric ceramics are added to the beams as sensors and actuators respectively to establish an analysis model of the vibration behavior of the piezoelectric sandwich rotating wind turbine blades. Based on Newton's second law, different accelerations are added to the rotating wheel to obtain the differential equation of a vibration variable coefficient. The fourth order Runge-Kutta method is used to solve variable coefficient differential equations. The hypothetical modal method is applied to solve the displacement of the free end of the flexible beam. A numerical simulation is also carried out to analyse the magnitude and change trend of the voltage output by adding piezoelectric materials at different angular velocities. The results show that the greater the rotational angular velocity, the greater the displacement of the free end of the flexible beam, and the greater the voltage due to the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material. When the rotation angular velocity reaches a stable value, the displacement of the free end and the generated voltage will also reach a stable value.

scholarly journals Piezoelectric Scaffolds as Smart Materials for Neural Tissue Engineering

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Zaszczynska ◽  
Paweł Sajkiewicz ◽  
Arkadiusz Gradys
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Neural Tissue ◽  
Supporting Cell ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Neural Tissue Engineering ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Materials Used

Injury to the central or peripheral nervous systems leads to the loss of cognitive and/or sensorimotor capabilities, which still lacks an effective treatment. Tissue engineering in the post-injury brain represents a promising option for cellular replacement and rescue, providing a cell scaffold for either transplanted or resident cells. Tissue engineering relies on scaffolds for supporting cell differentiation and growth with recent emphasis on stimuli responsive scaffolds, sometimes called smart scaffolds. One of the representatives of this material group is piezoelectric scaffolds, being able to generate electrical charges under mechanical stimulation, which creates a real prospect for using such scaffolds in non-invasive therapy of neural tissue. This paper summarizes the recent knowledge on piezoelectric materials used for tissue engineering, especially neural tissue engineering. The most used materials for tissue engineering strategies are reported together with the main achievements, challenges, and future needs for research and actual therapies. This review provides thus a compilation of the most relevant results and strategies and serves as a starting point for novel research pathways in the most relevant and challenging open questions.

Energy Harvesting From Smart Materials

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan S. Hosking ◽  
Zahra Sotoudeh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Smart Structure ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Beam Equations ◽  
Variational Asymptotic ◽  
Fully Coupled

In this paper, we study fully coupled electromagnetic-elastic behaviors present in the structures of smart beams using variational asymptotic beam sections and geometrically exact fully intrinsic beam equations. We present results for energy harvesting from smart beams under various oscillatory loads in both the axial and transverse directions and calculate the corresponding deformations. The magnitude of these loads are varied to show the generalized trends produced by piezoelectric materials. Smart materials change mechanical energy to electrical energy; therefore, changing the structural dynamic behavior of the structure and its stiffness matrix. A smart structure can be designed to undergo larger loads without changing the surface area of the cross-section.

scholarly journals Constructive and Destructive Interplay Between Piezoelectricity and Flexoelectricity in Flexural Sensors and Actuators

2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Abdollahi ◽  
Irene Arias
Keyword(s):  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Size Dependence ◽  
Piezoelectric Effect ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Ferroelectric Ceramics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Piezoelectric Bimorph ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Strain Gradients

Flexoelectricity is an electromechanical effect coupling polarization to strain gradients. It fundamentally differs from piezoelectricity because of its size-dependence and symmetry. Flexoelectricity is generally perceived as a small effect noticeable only at the nanoscale. Since ferroelectric ceramics have a particularly high flexoelectric coefficient, however, it may play a significant role as piezoelectric transducers shrink to the submicrometer scale. We examine this issue with a continuum model self-consistently treating piezo- and flexoelectricity. We show that in piezoelectric device configurations that induce strain gradients and at small but technologically relevant scales, the electromechanical coupling may be dominated by flexoelectricity. More importantly, depending on the device design flexoelectricity may enhance or reduce the effective piezoelectric effect. Focusing on bimorph configurations, we show that configurations that are equivalent at large scales exhibit dramatically different behavior for thicknesses below 100 nm for typical piezoelectric materials. Our results suggest flexoelectric-aware designs for small-scale piezoelectric bimorph transducers.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Piezoelectric Materials and Energy Harvesters for Industrial Applications

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4145
Author(s):  
Abdul Aabid ◽  
Md Abdul Raheman ◽  
Yasser E. Ibrahim ◽  
Asraar Anjum ◽  
Meftah Hrairi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Voltage Coefficient ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Industrial Use

In the last three decades, smart materials have become popular. The piezoelectric materials have shown key characteristics for engineering applications, such as in sensors and actuators for industrial use. Because of their excellent mechanical-to-electrical and vice versa energy conversion properties, piezoelectric materials with high piezoelectric charge and voltage coefficient have been tested in renewable energy applications. The fundamental component of the energy harvester is the piezoelectric material, which, when subjected to mechanical vibrations or applied stress, induces the displaced ions in the material and results in a net electric charge due to the dipole moment of the unit cell. This phenomenon builds an electric potential across the material. In this review article, a detailed study focused on the piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEH’s) is reported. In addition, the fundamental idea about piezoelectric materials, along with their modeling for various applications, are detailed systematically. Then a summary of previous studies based on PEH’s other applications is listed, considering the technical aspects and methodologies. A discussion has been provided as a critical review of current challenges in this field. As a result, this review can provide a guideline for the scholars who want to use PEH’s for their research.

scholarly journals A Review of Piezoelectric Material-Based Structural Control and Health Monitoring Techniques for Engineering Structures: Challenges and Opportunities

Actuators ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Abdul Aabid ◽  
Bisma Parveez ◽  
Md Abdul Raheman ◽  
Yasser E. Ibrahim ◽  
Asraar Anjum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

With the breadth of applications and analysis performed over the last few decades, it would not be an exaggeration to call piezoelectric materials “the top of the crop” of smart materials. Piezoelectric materials have emerged as the most researched materials for practical applications among the numerous smart materials. They owe it to a few main reasons, including low cost, high bandwidth of service, availability in a variety of formats, and ease of handling and execution. Several authors have used piezoelectric materials as sensors and actuators to effectively control structural vibrations, noise, and active control, as well as for structural health monitoring, over the last three decades. These studies cover a wide range of engineering disciplines, from vast space systems to aerospace, automotive, civil, and biomedical engineering. Therefore, in this review, a study has been reported on piezoelectric materials and their advantages in engineering fields with fundamental modeling and applications. Next, the new approaches and hypotheses suggested by different scholars are also explored for control/repair methods and the structural health monitoring of engineering structures. Lastly, the challenges and opportunities has been discussed based on the exhaustive literature studies for future work. As a result, this review can serve as a guideline for the researchers who want to use piezoelectric materials for engineering structures.

Finite Element Analysis of Zirconate Titanate Ceramics Piezoelectric Effect

2013 ◽  
Vol 401-403 ◽  
pp. 623-626
Author(s):  
Xiang Xin Qiao ◽  
Feng Yu ◽  
Zhi He Liu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Ceramic Material ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Piezoelectric Effect ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Zirconate Titanate ◽  
The Relationship

The ceramic material of lead zirconate titanate has positive piezoelectric effect; Its mechanical energy can be converted to electrical energy. Finite element model is established for piezoelectric ceramic material, in addition that the transition between force and electric is simulated numerically by the analysis function of force-electric coupling field of ANSYS. We obtain the relationship between output voltage and external force, besides the relationship between different heights and the output voltage within the piezoelectric model. It indicates that pressure is proportional to the output voltage value, and it verifies the correctness of theoretical analysis. These provide a reference for the project application of piezoelectric materials.

scholarly journals Smart Materials Technology-Based Products Applications in the Automotive Industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Imre Kiss ◽  
Vasile Alexa ◽  
Sorin Raţiu
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Robotics

The developments of new and innovative materials are contributing significantly to the large scale such as automotive industry. Century by century uncountable inventions and developments were dedicated to synchronized technological advancement. Smart materials are highly efficient materials and their performance comes at high costs associated with the high level of R&D involved. Therefore, invention of these materials conceptualized to produce effective sensors and actuators according to the purpose. Some everyday items are already incorporating such smart materials, and the number of applications for them is growing steadily. Invention of functional and intelligent materials introduced new concept of intelligent infrastructure systems, autonomous systems, smart structures and robotics in the bygone years. Smart materials include the piezoelectric materials (PZT).

Smart Materials for Sustainable and Smart Infrastructure

2019 ◽  
Vol 969 ◽  
pp. 278-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seema Nihalani ◽  
Unnati Joshi ◽  
Ashish Meeruty
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Interdisciplinary Knowledge ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
Physical Stimuli ◽  
Smart Infrastructure

Smart materials technologies are most significant in 21st-century. "Smart Materials" shall have a crucial role in construction technology. These innovative materials constitute an important part of smart building systems that shall be capable to detect its surrounding, so that the smart materials behave similar to living systems. The design of smart materials involves highly integrated components and requires interdisciplinary knowledge. Smart materials, are capable of adapting to their exterior surrounding. They alter their properties by applying exterior physical stimuli and thus adapt to their external environment in best possible manner. In the process of adapting to their external environment they involve various energy conversion processes. Thus mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy and vice versa by smart materials during their functioning. Smart materials are therefore predetermined and predesigned to perform as sensors and actuators as the need be. This paper discusses various types of smart materials available, their characteristics and applications in smart infrastructure.

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