scholarly journals Enhancement of the Surface Properties on Polypropylene Film Using Side-Chain Crystalline Block Copolymers

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2736
Author(s):  
Sho Hirai ◽  
Patchiya Phanthong ◽  
Hikaru Okubo ◽  
Shigeru Yao
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Peel Test ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Tensile Shear ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Modification Method ◽  
Plausible Mechanism

The consumption of polypropylene (PP) has significantly increased over that of other materials because of its light weight, easy molding, and high mechanical strength. However, the applications of PP are limited, owing to the lack of surface properties, especially with respect to adhesive properties and hydrophilicity. In this study, we developed a surface modification method for enhancing the adhesive properties and hydrophilicity on the PP surface using a side-chain crystalline block copolymer (SCCBC). This method was simple and involved the dipping of a PP film in a diluted SCCBC solution. The optimized modification conditions for enhancing the adhesive properties of PP were investigated. The results revealed that the adhesion strength of PP modified with the SCCBC of behenyl acrylate and 2-(tert-butylamino)ethyl methacrylate was enhanced to 2.00 N/mm (T-peel test) and 1.05 N/mm2 (tensile shear test). In addition, the hydrophilicity of PP modified with the SCCBC of behenyl acrylate and di(ethylene glycol)ethyl ether acrylate was enhanced to a water contact angle of 69 ± 4°. Surface analysis was also performed to elucidate a plausible mechanism for PP modification by the SCCBCs. This surface modification method is facile and enhances desirable properties for the wide application of PP.

scholarly journals Development of surface properties of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene film using side-chain crystalline block copolymers

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Hirai ◽  
Shoichi Ishimoto ◽  
Patchiya Phanthong ◽  
Shigeru Yao
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Block Copolymers ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Functional Unit ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
High Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Contact ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

AbstractUltra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been widely used in industry; however, the applications for UHMWPE are limited because of low hydrophilic and adhesive properties. Herein, we developed the surface properties of UHMWPE by using side-chain crystalline block copolymers (SCCBCs), which consist of a side-chain crystalline unit and a functional unit. This process only required immersing the UHMWPE film in the diluted SCCBC solution, which enabled the UHMWPE surface to be coated homogeneously. The results of the contact angle and tensile shear test showed that the surface of UHMWPE modified with SCCBC was improved in hydrophilicity and adhesive properties. In addition, high adhesion strength was measured on UHMWPE surfaces dipped in a SCCBC solution at high temperature with the UHMWPE film becoming elongated at all parts other than the adhesion contact area.

scholarly journals Non-Equilibrium Plasma Methods for Tailoring Surface Properties of Polyvinylidene Fluoride: Review and Challenges

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4243
Author(s):  
Alenka Vesel ◽  
Rok Zaplotnik ◽  
Gregor Primc ◽  
Miran Mozetič ◽  
Tadeja Katan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Plasma Methods ◽  
Non Equilibrium

Modification and functionalization of polymer surface properties is desired in numerous applications, and a standard technique is a treatment with non-equilibrium gaseous plasma. Fluorinated polymers exhibit specific properties and are regarded as difficult to functionalize with polar functional groups. Plasma methods for functionalization of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are reviewed and different mechanisms involved in the surface modification are presented and explained by the interaction of various reactive species and far ultraviolet radiation. Most authors used argon plasma but reported various results. The discrepancy between the reported results is explained by peculiarities of the experimental systems and illustrated by three mechanisms. More versatile reaction mechanisms were reported by authors who used oxygen plasma for surface modification of PVDF, while plasma sustained in other gases was rarely used. The results reported by various authors are analyzed, and correlations are drawn where feasible. The processing parameters reported by different authors were the gas pressure and purity, the discharge configuration and power, while the surface finish was predominantly determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and static water contact angle (WCA). A reasonably good correlation was found between the surface wettability as probed by WCA and the oxygen concentration as probed by XPS, but there is hardly any correlation between the discharge parameters and the wettability.

scholarly journals Osseointegration Improvement of Co-Cr-Mo Alloy Produced by Additive Manufacturing

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 724
Author(s):  
Amilton Iatecola ◽  
Guilherme Arthur Longhitano ◽  
Luiz Henrique Martinez Antunes ◽  
André Luiz Jardini ◽  
Emilio de Castro Miguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Bone Ingrowth ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Coated Sample ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Coated Surface ◽  
Surface Modification Techniques ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Cobalt Base

Cobalt-base alloys (Co-Cr-Mo) are widely employed in dentistry and orthopedic implants due to their biocompatibility, high mechanical strength and wear resistance. The osseointegration of implants can be improved by surface modification techniques. However, complex geometries obtained by additive manufacturing (AM) limits the efficiency of mechanical-based surface modification techniques. Therefore, plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) is the best alternative, creating nanotopography even in complex structures. In the present study, we report the osseointegration results in three conditions of the additively manufactured Co-Cr-Mo alloy: (i) as-built, (ii) after PIII, and (iii) coated with titanium (Ti) followed by PIII. The metallic samples were designed with a solid half and a porous half to observe the bone ingrowth in different surfaces. Our results revealed that all conditions presented cortical bone formation. The titanium-coated sample exhibited the best biomechanical results, which was attributed to the higher bone ingrowth percentage with almost all medullary canals filled with neoformed bone and the pores of the implant filled and surrounded by bone ingrowth. It was concluded that the metal alloys produced for AM are biocompatible and stimulate bone neoformation, especially when the Co-28Cr-6Mo alloy with a Ti-coated surface, nanostructured and anodized by PIII is used, whose technology has been shown to increase the osseointegration capacity of this implant.

scholarly journals On the Effectiveness of Oxygen Plasma and Alkali Surface Treatments to Modify the Properties of Polylactic Acid Scaffolds

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1643
Author(s):  
Ricardo Donate ◽  
María Elena Alemán-Domínguez ◽  
Mario Monzón
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Oxygen Plasma ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
3D Printed

Surface modification of 3D-printed PLA structures is a major issue in terms of increasing the biofunctionality and expanding the tissue engineering applications of these parts. In this paper, different exposure times were used for low-pressure oxygen plasma applied to PLA 3D-printed scaffolds. Alkali surface treatments were also evaluated, aiming to compare the modifications introduced on the surface properties by each strategy. Surface-treated samples were characterized through the quantification of carboxyl groups, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, water contact angle measurements, and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The change in the surface properties was studied over a two-week period. In addition, an enzymatic degradation analysis was carried out to evaluate the effect of the surface treatments on the degradation profile of the 3D structures. The physicochemical characterization results suggest different mechanism pathways for each type of treatment. Alkali-treated scaffolds showed a higher concentration of carboxyl groups on their surface, which enhanced the enzymatic degradation rate, but were also proven to be more aggressive towards 3D-printed structures. In contrast, the application of the plasma treatments led to an increased hydrophilicity of the PLA surface without affecting the bulk properties. However, the changes on the properties were less steady over time.

scholarly journals Surface modification of PMMA polymer and its composites with PC61BM fullerene derivative using an atmospheric pressure microwave argon plasma sheet

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Sikora ◽  
Dariusz Czylkowski ◽  
Bartosz Hrycak ◽  
Magdalena Moczała-Dusanowska ◽  
Marcin Łapiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Plasma Sheet ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Fullerene Derivative ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Pmma Polymer

AbstractThis paper presents the results of experimental investigations of the plasma surface modification of a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polymer and PMMA composites with a [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester fullerene derivative (PC61BM). An atmospheric pressure microwave (2.45 GHz) argon plasma sheet was used. The experimental parameters were: an argon (Ar) flow rate (up to 20 NL/min), microwave power (up to 530 W), number of plasma scans (up to 3) and, the kind of treated material. In order to assess the plasma effect, the possible changes in the wettability, roughness, chemical composition, and mechanical properties of the plasma-treated samples’ surfaces were evaluated by water contact angle goniometry (WCA), atomic force microscopy (AFM), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The best result concerning the water contact angle reduction was from 83° to 29.7° for the PMMA material. The ageing studies of the PMMA plasma-modified surface showed long term (100 h) improved wettability. As a result of plasma treating, changes in the samples surface roughness parameters were observed, however their dependence on the number of plasma scans is irregular. The ATR-FTIR spectra of the PMMA plasma-treated surfaces showed only slight changes in comparison with the spectra of an untreated sample. The more significant differences were demonstrated by XPS measurements indicating the surface chemical composition changes after plasma treatment and revealing the oxygen to carbon ratio increase from 0.1 to 0.4.

scholarly journals Highly efficient reusable superhydrophobic sponge prepared by a facile, simple and cost effective biomimetic bonding method for oil absorption

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Wang ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Qinyao Xu ◽  
Miaomiao Cai ◽  
Qian Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Modification Method ◽  
Bonding Method

AbstractSuperhydrophobic sponges have considerable potential for oil/water separation. Most of the methods used for superhydrophobic modification of sponges require toxic or harmful solvents, which have the drawbacks of hazardous to environment, expensive, and complex to utilize. Moreover, the hydrophobic layer on the surface of sponge is often easily destroyed. In this paper, a highly efficient superhydrophobic sponge with excellent reusability was developed by using a facile, simple and environmentally friendly dopamine biomimetic bonding method. Different types of sponges, such as melamine, polyethylene or polyurethane sponge wastes, were used as raw materials to prepare superhydrophobic sponges, which possess the advantages of inexpensive and abundant. The effects of different dopamine polymerization time and different hydrophobic agent dosage on the hydrophobicity and oil absorption capacity of melamine sponges were optimized. The study results showed that the water contact angle of the superhydrophobic sponge could reach 153° with excellent organic solvent absorption capacity of 165.9 g/g. Furthermore, the superhydrophobic sponge retained approximately 92.1% of its initial absorption capacity after 35 reutilization cycles. More importantly, the dopamine biomimetic bonding superhydrophobic modification method can be used for different types of sponges. Therefore, a universally applicable, facile, simple and environmentally friendly superhydrophobic modification method for sponges was developed.

scholarly journals Tunable Crystalline Phases in UV-Curable PEG-Grafted Ladder-Structured Silsesquioxane/Polyimide Composites

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryung Il Kim ◽  
Ju Ho Shin ◽  
Jong Suk Lee ◽  
Jung-Hyun Lee ◽  
Albert S. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Hybrid Polymer ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Uv Curable ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
Polyimide Composites ◽  
Crystalline Polyethylene

A series of UV-curable hybrid composite blends containing a carboxylic acid functionalized polyimidewith varying amounts of high molecular weight (~1 K) PEG-grafted ladder-structured polysilsesquioxanes copolymerized with methacryl groups were fabricated and their structural, thermal, mechanical, and surface properties characterized. At a composite weight ratio of polyimide above 50 wt.%, a stark shift from amorphous to crystalline polyethylene glycol (PEG) phases were observed, accompanied by a drastic increase in both surface moduli and brittleness index. Moreover, fabricated composites were shown to have a wide range water contact angle, 9.8°–73.8°, attesting to the tunable surface properties of these amphiphilic hybrid polymer composites. The enhanced mechanical properties, combined with the utility of tunable surface hydrophilicity allows for the possible use of these hybrid polymer composites to be utilized as photosensitive polyimide negative photoresists for a myriad of semiconductor patterning processes.

scholarly journals Rapid Surface Modification of Ultrafiltration Membranes for Enhanced Antifouling Properties

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
Noresah Said ◽  
Ying Siew Khoo ◽  
Woei Jye Lau ◽  
Mehmet Gürsoy ◽  
Mustafa Karaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Deposition Time ◽  
Plasma Deposition ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Plasma Modification ◽  
Surface Hydrophilicity ◽  
Water Cleaning ◽  
Modification Method ◽  
Modified Membrane

In this work, several ultrafiltration (UF) membranes with enhanced antifouling properties were fabricated using a rapid and green surface modification method that was based on the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Two types of hydrophilic monomers—acrylic acid (AA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were, respectively, deposited on the surface of a commercial UF membrane and the effects of plasma deposition time (i.e., 15 s, 30 s, 60 s, and 90 s) on the surface properties of the membrane were investigated. The modified membranes were then subjected to filtration using 2000 mg/L pepsin and bovine serum albumin (BSA) solutions as feed. Microscopic and spectroscopic analyses confirmed the successful deposition of AA and HEMA on the membrane surface and the decrease in water contact angle with increasing plasma deposition time strongly indicated the increase in surface hydrophilicity due to the considerable enrichment of the hydrophilic segment of AA and HEMA on the membrane surface. However, a prolonged plasma deposition time (>15 s) should be avoided as it led to the formation of a thicker coating layer that significantly reduced the membrane pure water flux with no significant change in the solute rejection rate. Upon 15-s plasma deposition, the AA-modified membrane recorded the pepsin and BSA rejections of 83.9% and 97.5%, respectively, while the HEMA-modified membrane rejected at least 98.5% for both pepsin and BSA. Compared to the control membrane, the AA-modified and HEMA-modified membranes also showed a lower degree of flux decline and better flux recovery rate (>90%), suggesting that the membrane antifouling properties were improved and most of the fouling was reversible and could be removed via simple water cleaning process. We demonstrated in this work that the PECVD technique is a promising surface modification method that could be employed to rapidly improve membrane surface hydrophilicity (15 s) for the enhanced protein purification process without using any organic solvent during the plasma modification process.

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