scholarly journals Effect of Prestrain on the Actuation Characteristics of Dielectric Elastomers

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2694
Author(s):  
Mayank Kumar ◽  
Anutsek Sharma ◽  
Sakrit Hait ◽  
Sven Wießner ◽  
Gert Heinrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrile Rubber ◽  
Dielectric Elastomers ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Molecular Architecture ◽  
Active Matrix ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Output Efficiency ◽  
Dielectric Actuation ◽  
Oppositely Charged

Dielectric elastomers (DEs) represent a class of electroactive polymers that deform due to electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged electrodes under a varying electric field. Over the last couple of decades, DEs have garnered considerable attention due to their much-coveted actuation properties. As far as the precise measurement systems are concerned, however, there is no standard instrument or interface to quantify various related parameters, e.g., actuation stress, strain, voltage and creeping etc. In this communication, we present an in-depth study of dielectric actuation behavior of dielectric rubbers by the state-of-the-art “Dresden Smart Rubber Analyzer” (DSRA), designed and developed in-house. The instrument allowed us to elucidate various factors that could influence the output efficiency of the DEs. Herein, several non-conventional DEs such as hydrogenated nitrile rubber, nitrile rubber with different acrylonitrile contents, were employed as an electro-active matrix. The effect of viscoelastic creeping on the prestrain, molecular architecture of the matrices, e.g., nitrile content of nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) etc., are also discussed in detail.

REINFORCEMENT EFFECT OF IN SITU DEVELOPED ITACONIC ACID BASED METAL SALT NANO-CRYSTALS IN ACRYLONITRILE-BUTADIENE COPOLYMER

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debdipta Basu ◽  
Bharat Kapgate ◽  
Naresh Bansod ◽  
Kasilingam Rajkumar ◽  
Suchismita Sahoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Itaconic Acid ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Nitrile Rubber ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Ionic Crosslinking

ABSTRACT Itaconic acid has been employed as a special facilitator to construct divalent metal ion based ionic crosslinking framework in the acrylonitrile butadiene rubber matrix. Readily accessible double bonds in itaconic acid could directly react with the elastomer to form effective covalent bonds. On the other hand, presence of easily dissociable protons in itaconic acid enables them to form ionic bonds that leads to an increase in crosslinking density of the vulcanizates. The synergistic effect of covalent crosslinking induced by peroxide and ionic crosslinking induced by metal carboxylate could effectively enhance the overall mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of the rubber composites. In this study, three metal oxides, that is, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide, have been selected for this purpose. Tensile strength of nitrile rubber composites depends on the strength of ionic crosslinks, which in turn is influenced by the size of the alkaline earth metals, such as Mg, Ca, etc., and stoichiometric quantity of itaconic acid, which is at par in the formulation of this study. The novelty of this study is that the introduction of a dicarboxylic acid in combination with metal oxides enhances the crosslink density and tensile strength of nitrile rubber composites which could result from the metal organic framework.

New Synthetic Rubbers from Copolymerization of Butadiene and ENE-YNE Diols

1964 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 774-775
Author(s):  
V. I. Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Nauk Sssr ◽  
Nitrile Rubber ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
High Chemical ◽  
Synthetic Rubber ◽  
Styrene Acrylonitrile

Abstract Of the large number of different industrial synthetic rubbers the foremost is butadiene rubber, first produced by the polymerization of butadiene by Lebedev. Nowadays, in order to improve the mechanical properties of the rubber the polymerization is carried out in conjunction with some copolymerizing additive: styrene, acrylonitrile, etc. Styrene rubbers (SKS) and nitrile rubber (SKN) have a number of quite high chemical and mechanical properties and are produced on a full industrial scale. Hydroxyl rubbers, i.e., those where the selected substance for copolymerizing with the butadiene is a hydroxyl-containing monomer, are able to offer a great deal to industry, since the presence of the hydroxyl groups considerably improves their mechanical properties. However, they do not figure among the available industrial grades of synthetic rubber; yet from the data from American scientists they have considerable value. Good results have been given by work effected by Nagibina and others in the Inst. Khim. Nauk SSSR on producing a rubber on the basis of the joint polymerization of butadiene with dimethyl vinyl acetylenyl carbinol under various conditions.

Application of FTIR in characterization of acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (nitrile rubber)

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chakraborty ◽  
S. Bandyopadhyay ◽  
R. Ameta ◽  
R. Mukhopadhyay ◽  
A.S. Deuri
Keyword(s):  
Nitrile Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber
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