scholarly journals Review on UV-Induced Cationic Frontal Polymerization of Epoxy Monomers

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Salman Malik ◽  
Sandra Schlögl ◽  
Markus Wolfahrt ◽  
Marco Sangermano
Keyword(s):  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Frontal Polymerization ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Unique Reaction ◽  
Diaryliodonium Salt ◽  
Resin Formulation ◽  
Cationic Ring Opening Polymerization

Ultraviolet (UV)-induced cationic frontal polymerization has emerged as a novel technique that allows rapid curing of various epoxy monomers upon UV irradiation within a few seconds. In the presence of a diaryliodonium salt photoinitiator together with a thermal radical initiator, the cationic ring opening polymerization of an epoxide monomer is auto-accelerated in the form of a self-propagating front upon UV irradiation. This hot propagating front generates the required enthalpy to sustain curing reaction throughout the resin formulation without further need for UV irradiation. This unique reaction pathway makes the cationic frontal polymerization a promising route towards the efficient curing of epoxy-based thermosetting resins and related composite structures. This review represents a comprehensive overview of the mechanism and progress of UV-induced cationic frontal polymerization of epoxy monomers that have been reported so far in literature. At the same time, this review covers important aspects on the frontal polymerization of various epoxide monomers involving the chemistry of the initiators, the effect of appropriate sensitizers, diluents and fillers.

Stereoretentive Olefin Metathesis: A New Avenue for the Synthesis of All-cis Poly(p-phenylene vinylene)s and Stereo­defined Polyalkenamers

Synlett ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quentin Michaudel ◽  
Samuel J. Kempel ◽  
Ting-Wei Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Olefin Metathesis ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Diblock Copolymers ◽  
Catalyst Design ◽  
Phenylene Vinylene ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Ru Catalyst ◽  
Unique Reaction ◽  
Photochemical Isomerization ◽  
Optimized Conditions

AbstractOlefin metathesis has tremendously impacted all fields of synthetic chemistry. However, the control of the olefin stereochemistry during this process remains a grand challenge. Recent innovations in catalyst design have permitted control of the stereochemistry of the olefin product. Here, we discuss the development of stereoretentive olefin metathesis, with an emphasis on the synthesis of stereodefined polyalkenamers through ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). We then present our application of this unique reaction manifold to the preparation of all-cis poly(p-phenylene vinylene)s (PPVs). A dithiolate Ru catalyst was found to deliver perfect cis selectivity for the polymerization of a paracyclophane diene monomer. By using optimized conditions, all-cis PPVs with narrow dispersities and predictable molar masses were obtained by varying the ratio of monomer to catalyst. The high chain fidelity of the stereoretentive ROMP with a paracyclophane diene monomer enabled the preparation of well-defined diblock copolymers with a norbornene co-monomer. Photochemical isomerization of all-cis to all-trans PPVs was effected with both homopolymers and diblock copolymers. This process was shown to be selective for the PPV block, and resulted in changes in optical properties, polymer size, and solubility. Stereoretentive ROMP provides a promising platform for synthesizing polymers with unique properties, including photoresponsive all-cis PPVs with living characteristics.1 Introduction2 Synthetic Applications of Stereoretentive Olefin Metathesis3 Stereocontrol of Polyalkenamers through Stereoretentive ROMP4 Stereoretentive ROMP To Access All-cis Poly(p-phenylene vinylene)s5 Conclusion

Formation of polyoxazoline-silica nanoparticles via the surface-initiated cationic polymerization of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (32) ◽  
pp. 5157-5168 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bissadi ◽  
R. Weberskirch
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Hybrid Nanoparticles ◽  
Cationic Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Silica Hybrid

The fabrication of silica hybrid nanoparticles by a surface-initiated cationic ring-opening polymerization of poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)s has been described.

Accelerated living cationic ring-opening polymerization of a methyl ester functionalized 2-oxazoline monomer

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra J. M. Bouten ◽  
Dietmar Hertsen ◽  
Maarten Vergaelen ◽  
Bryn D. Monnery ◽  
Marcel A. Boerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Cationic Ring Opening Polymerization

Kinetic studies on the homo- and copolymerization of 2-methoxycarboxyethyl-2-oxazoline with 2-methyl-2-oxazoline and 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline is discussed.

Influential Factors in the Synthesis of Polymethylhydrogenosiloxane Obtained via Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization Using Synthetic Silica-Aluminates as Catalysts

Silicon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1059-1074
Author(s):  
J. A. González Calderón ◽  
David Contreras López ◽  
Javier Alejandro Balcázar Pérez ◽  
Adrián Austria Gutiérrez ◽  
Ricardo Mendoza-Carrizales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ring Opening ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Cationic Ring Opening Polymerization
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document