scholarly journals Development and Application of a New Flame-Retardant Adhesive

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianqing Xiong ◽  
Yiting Niu ◽  
Zhuorong Zhou ◽  
Jie Ren
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Bonding Strength ◽  
Formaldehyde Emission ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Surface Bonding ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

A new design adhesive mixed with flame retardant was developed by an optimized and modified dedicated flame retardant and selected at a suitable proportion between the adhesive and flame retardant as well as the coating amount of the adhesive. The new design adhesive was applied to ecological board production, and the flame-retardant properties of products were examined. The dipping and peeling properties, surface bonding strength, and formaldehyde emission reached the national standard GB/T 34722-2017, the flame retardancy meets the requirements of GB/T 8626-2017, GB/T 20284-2006, GB/T20285-2006, and it also reaches the B1-C level (the nonflammable level in the flame retardant level). This study not only has theoretical guidance but also has strong practical value to provide a basis and data support for the research and development of flame-retardant ecological boards.

scholarly journals Preparation of Intercalated Organic Montmorillonite DOPO-MMT by Melting Method and Its Effect on Flame Retardancy to Epoxy Resin

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 3496
Author(s):  
Junming Geng ◽  
Jianyu Qin ◽  
Jiyu He
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Melting Method ◽  
Organic Montmorillonite ◽  
Ul 94 ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

An intercalated organic montmorillonite DOPO-MMT was prepared through the melting method using 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) as a modifier. Epoxy resin (EP) composites were prepared with DOPO-MMT, DOPO, MMT, and the physical mixtures of DOPO+MMT as flame retardants. The microstructure of the flame retardants and EP samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The flame retardant properties, thermal stability, and residual char structure of the EPs were studied by the limited oxygen index (LOI) test, the UL-94 vertical burning test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) test, the cone calorimeter (CONE) test as well as other characterization methods. The results showed that the intercalated organic montmorillonite DOPO-MMT can be successfully prepared by the melting method and that the MMT is evenly dispersed in the EP/DOPO-MMT composite in the form of nanosheets. The EP/DOPO-MMT nanocomposites showed the optimal flame retardancy (LOI, UL-94, PHRR, etc.) among the EPs with DOPO, MMT, and the physical mixture of DOPO+MMT. The flame-retardant grade of the material reached V-0.

scholarly journals Study of the Addition of a Thermoplastic Vulcanizate to a HDPE Composite Highly Filled with Magnesium Hydroxide and Its Effect on the Tensile and Flame Retardant Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
F. I. Beltrán-Ramírez ◽  
L. F. Ramos-deValle ◽  
E. Ramírez-Vargas ◽  
E. Cabrera-Alvarez ◽  
S. Sánchez-Valdes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Rubbery Phase ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Properties Of Composites

A work was carried out in order to obtain a TPV based on HDPE and EPDM, studying the effect of three different peroxides. The effect of one mono- and two bifunctional peroxides was studied. In general, at equal wt% of peroxide, the bifunctional peroxides produced greater gel content, higher tensile stress, and higher elongation at break. Thereafter, the work was focused on studying the effect of this TPV, as well as a commercial TPO, on the tensile and flame retardant properties of composites based on blends of HDPE and a thermoplastic elastomer (either TPV or TPO), plus 130 phr of magnesium hydroxide (MH). The composites without the rubbery phase, but with 130 phr of MH, were highly brittle and fragile. The composites with the rubbery phase, on the other hand, (either TPO or TPV), were tougher and presented relatively much higher tensile properties. With regard to flame retardancy, the formulations containing the TPV showed better flame retardancy and passed as V-1 in the UL-94V. With respect to the cone calorimeter, those with TPO or TPV all generated a total of 80 MJ of heat energy. The compositions with TPV, however, generated this amount of heat over a larger period of time, i.e., showing less heat generated per second. In addition, the compositions with TPV presented a markedly lower pHRR, by an average of 15%. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the MH in the samples with a 40 wt% rubbery phase starts decomposing at 315°C. However, as the temperature increases, the MH in the TPV composite apparently decomposes at a slower rate than that in the TPO composite.

Study on Bonding Capacity of Modified Glued Structural Lumber for Bridge Deck Based on China Southern Plantation

2011 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
Jing Hao Li ◽  
Xian Yan Zhou ◽  
Zhong Feng Zhang ◽  
Zhi Feng Wang ◽  
Wan Xi Peng
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Bonding Strength ◽  
Bridge Deck ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Modification Method ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Structural Lumber

In order to select the optimal modification method of fire-retardant preservative formulationtion ratio for glued structural lumber of wood-based bridge deck by analysing the bonding strength of experimental samples. Through range analysis, the experiment results showed that: the mode of the best fire-retardant preservative formulationtion ratio was 45ml/(40cm×40cm) preservative, 1g/(40cm×40cm) flame retardant and 18h soaking time of adhesion. And the glued structural lumber had enough bonding strength under high flame-retardant properties, which was fit to make glued structural lumber for wood bridge.

Synthesis and Flame Retardant Properties of Melamine Modified EH Lignin

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 482-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru Lin Fu ◽  
Xian Su Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Hydrolysis Lignin ◽  
Char Residue ◽  
Red Phosphorus ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

A novel intumescent flame retardant (IFR), melamine modified enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (MEHL), was synthesized and well characterized by FTIR and TGA. The results showed that the decompose temperature of MEHL is much higher than that of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL). In order to improve flame retardancy and dripping resistance of EPDM, MEHL and microencapsulated red phosphorus (MRP) were added into EPDM as IFR system. The flame ability and thermal stability of IFR and EPDM composites were investigated by UL-94 vertical burning test and LOI measurements. The results indicated that FV-0 was reached and the LOI value was 35 when per hundred rubber (phr) together with 12 phr MRP and 50 phr EHLM were added. SEM photos showed that the char residue was continuous, and a barrier between flame and rubber was formed, while there were also small holes in its surfaces. On all accounts, EHL used as a carbonization agent instead of petroleum chemicals, such as pentaerythritol, was more environmental friendly and beneficial to economy.

scholarly journals Simulation Investigation on Flame Retardancy of the PVAc/ATP Nanocomposite

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Qiong ◽  
Wang Yanbin ◽  
Liu Li ◽  
Liang Junxi
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Combustion Temperature ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to study the effects of some key factors on the enhancement of flame retardancy of the PVAc/ATP nanocomposite. As a result, the obvious improved flame retardancy was attributed mainly to the increased dispersion of Mg ions in the PVAc matrix due to the stronger interaction between PVAc and ATP and partially to the combustion temperature of PVAc released by the escaped H2O originating from the ATP dopant. Hence, the ATP ore as a predicted additive is viewed as a prospective candidate to be applied in future organic materials to obtain better flame-retardant properties. Moreover, in our simulations, the temperature can induce a significant impact on the interaction of the PVAc/ATP nanocomposite, in which the prominent combination between PVAc and ATP could be greatly promoted at 350 K.

scholarly journals Melt-Spinning of an Intrinsically Flame-Retardant Polyacrylonitrile Copolymer

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4826
Author(s):  
Simon König ◽  
Philipp Kreis ◽  
Christian Herbert ◽  
Andreas Wego ◽  
Mark Steinmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Suspension Polymerization ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Solution Spinning ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Flame Retardation ◽  
Pan Fibers

Poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) fibers have two essential drawbacks: they are usually processed by solution-spinning, which is inferior to melt spinning in terms of productivity and costs, and they are flammable in air. Here, we report on the synthesis and melt-spinning of an intrinsically flame-retardant PAN-copolymer with phosphorus-containing dimethylphosphonomethyl acrylate (DPA) as primary comonomer. Furthermore, the copolymerization parameters of the aqueous suspension polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) and DPA were determined applying both the Fineman and Ross and Kelen and Tüdõs methods. For flame retardancy and melt-spinning tests, multiple PAN copolymers with different amounts of DPA and, in some cases, methyl acrylate (MA) have been synthesized. One of the synthesized PAN-copolymers has been melt-spun with propylene carbonate (PC) as plasticizer; the resulting PAN-fibers had a tenacity of 195 ± 40 MPa and a Young’s modulus of 5.2 ± 0.7 GPa. The flame-retardant properties have been determined by Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) flame tests. The LOI value of the melt-spinnable PAN was 25.1; it therefore meets the flame retardancy criteria for many applications. In short, the reported method shows that the disadvantage of high comonomer content necessary for flame retardation can be turned into an advantage by enabling melt spinning.

scholarly journals Flame Retardancy of Bio-Based Polyurethanes: Opportunities and Challenges

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Vahabi ◽  
Hadi Rastin ◽  
Elnaz Movahedifar ◽  
Karina Antoun ◽  
Nicolas Brosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sustainable Polymers ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Development And Management ◽  
Further Development

Sustainable polymers are emerging fast and have received much more attention in recent years compared to petro-sourced polymers. However, they inherently have low-quality properties, such as poor mechanical properties, and inadequate performance, such as high flammability. In general, two methods have been considered to tackle such drawbacks: (i) reinforcement of sustainable polymers with additives; and (ii) modification of chemical structure by architectural manipulation so as to modify polymers for advanced applications. Development and management of bio-based polyurethanes with flame-retardant properties have been at the core of attention in recent years. Bio-based polyurethanes are currently prepared from renewable, bio-based sources such as vegetable oils. They are used in a wide range of applications including coatings and foams. However, they are highly flammable, and their further development is dependent on their flame retardancy. The aim of the present review is to investigate recent advances in the development of flame-retardant bio-based polyurethanes. Chemical structures of bio-based flame-retardant polyurethanes have been studied and explained from the point of view of flame retardancy. Moreover, various strategies for improving the flame retardancy of bio-based polyurethanes as well as reactive and additive flame-retardant solutions are discussed.

Functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes by loading phosphorylated chitosan

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1036-1047
Author(s):  
Baoxia Xue ◽  
Yun Peng ◽  
Yinghao Song ◽  
Jie Bai ◽  
Mei Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Char Residue ◽  
Combustion Time ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

Novel flame-retardant phosphorylated chitosan-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PCS-MWCNTs) were obtained by the loading of PCS on the surface of MWCNTs by a chemical deposition cross-linking method. A series of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) composites were prepared by melt compounding with MWCNTs or PCS-MWCNTs to investigate the flame-retardant properties. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry were employed to characterize the morphology, chemical structure, and functionalization effect of MWCNTs. The coating degree and thermal stability of PCS-MWCNTs were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Thermal decomposition products after TGA and flame-retardant properties of PET composites were characterized by FTIR and CONE measurements, respectively. The results indicated that PCS is loaded on the MWCNT surface. Modified PCS-MWCNTs exhibited better dispersion and efficient flame retardancy. TGA data indicated that PCS-MWCNTs can enhance the onset temperature of PET and increase the amount of the char residues. The char residue with 1 wt% PCS-MWCNTs/PET increased from 12.62% (pure PET) to 15.46%. The analysis of the decomposition products and morphology of the char residue indicated that PCS-MWCNTs not only retain the effect of alternating couplet carbon (C) and physical barrier by MWCNTs, but also form P–C compounds, improving the flame retardancy of PET. CONE tests demonstrated that the PCS-MWCNTs lead to the efficient decrease in the flammability parameters, such as the heat release rate (HRR), total release heat rate (THR), total smoke production (TSP), mean mass loss rate (MMLR), and the total combustion time. The peak HRR value decreased from 513.22 kW m−2 to 341 kW m−2. The THR, TSP, and MMLR values decreased by 20.38 MJ m−2, 1.1 m2, and 1.32 g s−1, respectively. The total combustion time decreased by 98 s, from 388 s to 290 s, indicating that PCS-MWCNTs extinguish fire.

scholarly journals Combination of Corn Pith Fiber and Biobased Flame Retardant: A Novel Method toward Flame Retardancy, Thermal Stability, and Mechanical Properties of Polylactide

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1562
Author(s):  
Yunxian Yang ◽  
De-Yi Wang ◽  
Laia Haurie ◽  
Zhiqi Liu ◽  
Lu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
In Situ Modification ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

Some crop by-products are considered to be promising materials for the development of novel biobased products for industrial applications. The flammability of these alternatives to conventional materials is a constraint to expanded applications. Polylactide (PLA) composites containing a combination of oxidized corn pith fiber (OCC) and a biobased flame retardant (PA-THAM) have been prepared via an in situ modification method. SEM/EDS, FTIR and TGA were performed to establish that PA-THAM was coated onto the surface of OCC. The mechanical properties, thermal stability and fire behavior of PLA-based biocomposites were investigated. The incorporation of 5 phr PA-THAM imparted biocomposite good interfacial adhesion and increased decomposition temperature at 10% mass loss by 50 °C. The flame retardant properties were also improved, as reflected by an increased LOI value, a UL-94 V-2 rating, reduction of PHRR, and increased formation of char residue. Therefore, the introduction of 5 phr PA-THAM can maintain a good balance between flame retardancy and mechanical properties of this PLA/OCC system.

scholarly journals Flame resistant cellulosic substrate using banana pseudostem sap

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Basak ◽  
Kartick. K. Samanta ◽  
S. Saxena ◽  
S.K. Chattopadhyay ◽  
R. Narkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Propagation Rate ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Flame Retardant Property ◽  
Flammability Test ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Mechanical Strengths

Abstract Flame retardancy was imparted in cellulosic cotton textile using banana pseudostem sap (BPS), an eco-friendly natural product. The extracted sap was made alkaline and applied in pre-mordanted bleached and mercerized cotton fabrics. Flame retardant properties of both the control and the treated fabrics were analysed in terms of limiting oxygen index (LOI), horizontal and vertical flammability. Fabrics treated with the non-diluted BPS were found to have good flame retardant property with LOI of 30 compared to the control fabric with LOI of 18, i.e., an increase of 1.6 times. In the vertical flammability test, the BPS treated fabric showed flame for a few seconds and then, got extinguished. In the horizontal flammability test, the treated fabric showed no flame, but was burning only with an afterglow with a propagation rate of 7.5 mm/min, which was almost 10 times lower than that noted with the control fabric. The thermal degradation and the pyrolysis of the fabric samples were studied using a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the chemical composition by FTIR, SEM and EDX, besides the pure BPS being characterized by EDX and mass spectroscopy. The fabric after the treatment was found to produce stable natural khaki colour, and there was no significant degradation in mechanical strengths. Based on the results, the mechanism of imparting flame retardancy to cellulosic textile and the formation of natural colour on it using the proposed BPS treatment have been postulated.

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