scholarly journals Epoxy Based Blends for Additive Manufacturing by Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Printing: The Effect of Blending and Dual Curing on Daylight Curable Resins

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Tosto ◽  
Eugenio Pergolizzi ◽  
Ignazio Blanco ◽  
Antonella Patti ◽  
Paul Holt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Cure Cycle ◽  
A Value ◽  
Dual Curing ◽  
Curing Cycle

Epoxy-based blends printable in a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) printer were studied. Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) mixed with Diethyltoluene diamine (DETDA) was used due to the easy processing in liquid form at room temperature and slower reactivity until heated over 150 ° C. The DGEBA/DETDA resin was mixed with a commercial daylight photocurable resin used for LCD screen 3D printing. Calorimetric, dynamic mechanical and rheology testing were carried out on the resulting blends. The daylight resins showed to be thermally curable. Resin’s processability in the LCD printer was evaluated for all the blends by rheology and by 3D printing trials. The best printing conditions were determined by a speed cure test. The use of a thermal post-curing cycle after the standard photocuring in the LCD printer enhanced the glass transition temperature T g of the daylight resin from 45 to 137 ° C when post-curing temperatures up to 180 ° C were used. The T g reached a value of 174 ° C mixing 50 wt% of DGEBA/DETDA resin with the photocurable resin when high temperature cure cycle was used.

scholarly journals 4D printing of shape memory polymer via liquid crystal display (LCD) stereolithographic 3D printing

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 105305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wubin Shan ◽  
Yifan Chen ◽  
Mo Hu ◽  
Shigang Qin ◽  
Peng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Shape Memory Polymer ◽  
4D Printing

scholarly journals Design and Synthesis of Free-Radical/Cationic Photosensitive Resin Applied for 3D Printer with Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Irradiation

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1346
Author(s):  
Junyang Shan ◽  
Zijun Yang ◽  
Guoguang Chen ◽  
Yang Hu ◽  
Ying Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Uv Curing ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Radical Mechanism ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Photosensitive Resin ◽  
Heating Treatment

In this work, aiming at a UV-curing 3D printing process with liquid crystal display (LCD) irradiation, a novel free-radical/cationic hybrid photosensitive resin was designed and prepared. After testing, the results showed that the acrylate monomers could be polymerized through a free-radical mechanism, while the epoxides were polymerized by a cationic curing mechanism. During the process of UV-curing, the acrylate and epoxide polymers were crosslinked and further locked together by non-covalent bonds. Therefore, an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) structure could be formed through light-curing 3D-printing processes. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed that the 3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl methyl-3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl formate and acrylic resin were both successfully involved in the UV-curing process. Furthermore, in order to make the 3D-printed objects cured completely, post-processing was of great importance. The results from the systematic study of the dynamic mechanical properties of the printed objects showed that the heating treatment process after UV irradiation was very necessary and favorable for the complete cationic polymerization of UV-6110 induced by Irgacure 261. The optimum heating treatment conditions were achieved at a temperature of 70 °C for 3 h.

Fabrication of hollow microneedles using liquid crystal display (LCD) vat polymerization 3D printing technology for transdermal macromolecular delivery

2021 ◽  
Vol 597 ◽  
pp. 120303
Author(s):  
Iakovos Xenikakis ◽  
Konstantinos Tsongas ◽  
Emmanouil K. Tzimtzimis ◽  
Constantinos K. Zacharis ◽  
Nikoleta Theodoroula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
Hollow Microneedles

scholarly journals Vegetable Oil-Based Thiol-Ene/Thiol-Epoxy Resins for Laser Direct Writing 3D Micro-/Nano-Lithography

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 872
Author(s):  
Sigita Grauzeliene ◽  
Aukse Navaruckiene ◽  
Edvinas Skliutas ◽  
Mangirdas Malinauskas ◽  
Angels Serra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Thermal Polymerization ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Thermal Curing ◽  
Direct Writing ◽  
Laser Direct Writing ◽  
Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Dual Curing ◽  
Epoxidized Linseed Oil

The use of renewable sources for optical 3D printing instead of petroleum-based materials is increasingly growing. Combinations of photo- and thermal polymerization in dual curing processes can enhance the thermal and mechanical properties of the synthesized thermosets. Consequently, thiol-ene/thiol-epoxy polymers were obtained by combining UV and thermal curing of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil and epoxidized linseed oil with thiols, benzene-1,3-dithiol and pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate). Thiol-epoxy reaction was studied by calorimetry. The changes of rheological properties were examined during UV, thermal and dual curing to select the most suitable formulations for laser direct writing (LDW). The obtained polymers were characterized by dynamic-mechanical thermal analysis, thermogravimetry, and mechanical testing. The selected dual curable mixture was tested in LDW 3D lithography for validating its potential in optical micro- and nano-additive manufacturing. The obtained results demonstrated the suitability of epoxidized linseed oil as a biobased alternative to bisphenol A diglycidyl ether in thiol-epoxy thermal curing reactions. Dual cured thermosets showed higher rigidity, tensile strength, and Young’s modulus values compared with UV-cured thiol-ene polymers and the highest thermal stability from all prepared polymers. LDW results proved their suitability for high resolution 3D printing—individual features reaching an unprecedented 100 nm for plant-based materials. Finally, the biobased resin was tested for thermal post-treatment and 50% feature downscaling was achieved.

scholarly journals 4D Printing of Shape Memory Polymer via Liquid Crystal Display Stereolithography

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wubing Shan ◽  
Yifan Chen ◽  
Hu Mo ◽  
Shigang Qin ◽  
Peng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Shape Recovery ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Shape Memory Polymer ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
High Efficient

In this study, we report a new epoxy acrylate based shape memory polymer(SMP) fabricated by Liquid crystal display (LCD) Stereolithographic 3D printing. The printed 3D object has a high resolution and high transparency in visible light region. The uniaxial tensile tests showed enhanced tensile toughness and tunable mechanical properties. The fix-recovery and cycle tests indicated high shape recovery properties including high shape recovery rate and excellent cycling stability. In addition, a smart electrical valve actuator was fabricated that can be used in fast heat or electricity responsive electrical circuits. LCD 3D printing provides a low-cost and high efficient way to fabricate fast responsive SMP, which can be used in wide applications in various fields on aerospace engineering, biomedical devices, soft robots and electronic devices.

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