scholarly journals Enhanced Interface Adhesion by Novel Eco-Epoxy Adhesives Based on the Modified Tannic Acid on Al and CFRP Adherends

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1541
Author(s):  
Nataša Z. Tomić ◽  
Mohamed Nasr Saleh ◽  
Sofia Teixeira de Freitas ◽  
Andreja Živković ◽  
Marija Vuksanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Glycidyl Ether ◽  
Peel Test ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Phosphate Ester ◽  
Cohesive Failure ◽  
Interface Adhesion ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Epoxy Adhesives ◽  
Renewable Raw Material

This paper presents a new process for obtaining eco-epoxide adhesives synthesized from bio-renewable raw material (tannic acid—TA) and used for bonding lightweight materials (aluminum (Al) and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP)). Two synthesized bio-epoxy components based on TA, (A) glycidyl ether and (B) glycidyl phosphate ester of TA, were used as a replacement for the toxic epoxy component based on Bisphenol A. The effect of eco-epoxy components on the interface adhesion was measured by the determination of adhesion parameter b, which was compared to the reference epoxy (REF). The increase of adhesion parameter b was 77.5% for A and 151.5% for B. The adhesion of both eco-adhesives was tested using the bell peel test (BPT) with the Al and CFRP adherends. When compared to REF, the average peel load for B was 17.6% (39.3%) and 58.3% (176.9%) higher for the Al and CFRP adherends, respectively. Complete adhesion failure of REF reflected the weak adhesion to both Al and CFRP, which was improved by the addition of eco-epoxy components A and B showing the presence of cohesive failure. The microhardness testing method of interface adhesion was proven to be a fast and reliable testing method, providing a qualitative indication in adhesive selection.

Aramid-HDPE Composites: Influence of Interface Adhesion Measured by T-peel Test on Tensile Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-374
Author(s):  
Aylin Bekem ◽  
Mustafa Dogu ◽  
Zafer Gemici ◽  
Ahmet Unal ◽  
Mehmet Hilmi Guler
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Peel Test ◽  
Interface Adhesion

scholarly journals The effect of modified tannic acid (TA) eco-epoxy adhesives on mode I fracture toughness of bonded joints

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 107122
Author(s):  
Mohamed Nasr Saleh ◽  
Nataša Z. Tomić ◽  
Aleksandar Marinković ◽  
Sofia Teixeira de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Mode I ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Mode I Fracture ◽  
Mode I Fracture Toughness ◽  
Epoxy Adhesives

Bio-Oil as a Potential Biomass-Derived Renewable Raw Material for Bio-Phenol Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Zhu ◽  
Feng Jin ◽  
Minghui Fan ◽  
Junxu Liu ◽  
Rui Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Renewable Raw Material

Characterisation of the opening behavior of multilayer films with cohesive failure mechanism by in situ peel tests in the ESEM

2021 ◽  
pp. 875608792110255
Author(s):  
M Heuser ◽  
A Zankel ◽  
C Mayrhofer ◽  
K Reincke ◽  
B Langer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilayer Structure ◽  
Peel Test ◽  
Multilayer Films ◽  
Cohesive Failure ◽  
Packaging Process ◽  
Flexible Packaging ◽  
Alignment Angle ◽  
Peel Tests ◽  
Bulge Formation

In this work, peel tests inside the chamber of an ESEM ( in situ peel tests) are described with heat-sealed test specimens of packaging systems made of multilayer films that simulate different flexible packaging types, according to the packaging line used. The in situ peel tests provided evidence to describe the influence of three different main aspects of the packaging process in relation to the opening behavior of the sealing packages. The investigated aspects are the peel angle, the alignment angle between the orientation of the multilayer films and the seal, and the bulge formation as a consequence of inadequate sealing parameters. In situ peel tests enabled the differentiation between peel angle and local (micro) peel angle, which results from the overall stiffness of the multilayer structure film. Alignment angles of 90° and 45° were found to produce similar opening forces. Images showing the formation of various new local micro fissures on new planes during the in situ peel test explained how the opening force can be dramatically increased during the tearing of two sealed multilayer films.

scholarly journals Effect of temperature on acid hydrolysis of Jerusalem artichoke as raw material for ethanol production

2013 ◽  
pp. 279-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radojka Razmovski ◽  
Vesna Vucurovic ◽  
Uros Miljic ◽  
Vladimir Puskas
Keyword(s):  
Hold Time ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Industrial Biotechnology ◽  
Microbial Conversion ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Theoretical Yield ◽  
Renewable Raw Material ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Jerusalem artichoke (JA) is a low-requirement crop, which does not interfere with food chain, and is a promising carbon source for industrial fermentation. Microbial conversion of such a renewable raw material to useful products, such as ethanol, is an important objective in industrial biotechnology. In this study, ethanol was efficiently produced from the hydrolyzates of JA obtained at different pH values (pH 2.5, pH 3.0 and pH 3.5), temperature (120, 130, 132 and 134?C) and hold time (30 and 60 min) by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The efficient degradation of JA by HCl under certain experimental conditions was confirmed by thin-layer chromatography. Ethanol concentration of 7.52% (w/w), which corresponds to 93.89 % of the theoretical yield is achieved by ethanol fermentation of JA hydrolyzate obtained at pH 2.5.

scholarly journals Possible Use Of Hemp And Wood In Production Of The Heat Insulation Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Martins Andzs ◽  
Voldemars Skrupskis
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Heat Insulation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Heat Transmission ◽  
Insulation Materials ◽  
Wood Fibres ◽  
Heat Insulation Material ◽  
Renewable Raw Material

Obtaining of a new ecological heat insulation material from always renewable raw material in nature, wood and hemp, derived from wood and hemp fibre remains left from the production process. The study was carried out to find hemp wood parts (shives), fiber, and material first possible compositions together with wood fibres, to produce heat insulation materials. The use of the heat insulation material would be meant for dwelling and recreation houses. In the present research the main characteristics of these materials are determined: moisture content, density, water absorption, as well as the coefficient of heat transmission.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Acid Polyols As a Feedstock to Produce Flexible Polyurethanes and Their Effect on the Income Level of Furniture Craftsmen

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Andi Budirohmi
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Renewable Raw Material ◽  
Shoe Soles ◽  
Alternative Feedstock

Polyuretanes are widely used as elastomers, coatings, adhesivesand binders,interior and exterior cars, furniture,shoe soles, carpets, rigit and flexible foams, membrane materials as well as constuction materials .The production of polyurethanes is largely derived  from  polyols derived from petroleum . Howover, petroleum  is a non- renewable raw material . Thus it is necessary to look alternative feedstock  for the manufacture of polyol  as a polyurethane raw material. Synnthesis polyurethane by polymerization process  using  polyol volume based on polyol  oleat acid  polypropylenglycol ( PPG ) in order to know  whether fatty acid can be used  as raw materials  of polyurethane manufacture.From the result of the study. Based on Fourier Transform Infra  Red ( FTIR), showed,that the product  produced is polyol with obtained hydroxyl  group ( OH group )with hydroxylnumber is 129,81 mg KOH / g and 157,60 mg KOH / g sample of 70 

Preliminary evaluation of the physical properties of red ceramic incorporated with solid residue

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (61) ◽  
pp. 3575-3579
Author(s):  
Francine M. Nunes ◽  
Eduarda M. Rangel ◽  
Fernando M. Machado ◽  
Rubens Camaratta ◽  
Letícia P. Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Solid Residue ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Linear Contraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Test Pieces ◽  
Renewable Raw Material

AbstractThe food processing industry highlights the daily generation of large amounts of eggshell solid residue. In this way, this residue becomes a non renewable raw material to be reused as an additive in red ceramics, in order to reduce the volume of disposal to the environment and improve the physical properties of the product. The objective of this work was to evaluate the forming moisture, linear shrinkage of drying and shrinkage of drying burning of ceramic test pieces (CS’s) with formulations with 2% and 3% of white eggshell residue (ER) incorporated in clay. The clay and ER were collected in the city of Pelotas-RS. The ER sample was analyzed by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). After pressing, natural and artificial drying was carried out and the CS’s were burned. These were evaluated through normative parameters C-020/95, C-021/95 and C-026/95. The values obtained for the forming moisture were between 5.82 and 8.78%, for the linear shrinkage of drying between 0.10 and 0.43% and, for the linear contraction burning between -0.29 and 0.08%. The results showed that the addition of ER to the ceramic mass helped in the reduction of the forming moisture and the linear shrinkage of the ceramic test pieces.

Mechanical Strength of Sago/Urea Formaldehyde Particleboard Affected by the Particle Size

2016 ◽  
Vol 833 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Tay Chen Chiang ◽  
Sinin Hamdan ◽  
Mohd Shahril Osman
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Sago Waste

Every year, the sago processing industry in Sarawak-Mukah had generated huge amount of sago waste after the milling process and scientists have employ the waste into composite material. The fabrication and testing method are based on the Japanese A5908 Industrial Standard. Single-layer particleboards with targeted density of 600kg/m3 were produced from different sizes of sago particles. The mechanical properties of sago waste were investigated to study the feasibility of using this sample as a raw material in particleboard manufacturing. The results of the test demonstrate that samples with different sizes of particles have great influence on the mechanical properties such as Young’s Modulus, Tensile Strength and Impact Strength. The findings show that the performance of the board is affected by the different sizes of sago particles used in the experiment and had proved that sago plants can be used as an alternative raw material in the particleboard manufacturing industry.

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