scholarly journals Self-Healing Thermoplastic Polyurethane Linked via Host-Guest Interactions

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changming Jin ◽  
Garry Sinawang ◽  
Motofumi Osaki ◽  
Yongtai Zheng ◽  
Hiroyasu Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Bulk Polymerization ◽  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Tetraethylene Glycol ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Rupture Stress ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
Near Future

High toughness with self-healing ability has become the ultimate goal in materials research. Herein, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was linked via host-guest (HG) interactions to increase its mechanical properties and self-healing ability. TPU linked via HG interactions was prepared by the step-growth bulk polymerization of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), tetraethylene glycol (TEG), and HG interactions between permethylated amino βCD (PMeAmβCD) and adamantane amine (AdAm). TPU linked with 10 mol% of HG interactions (HG(10)) showed the highest rupture stress and fracture energy (GF) of 11 MPa and 25 MJ·m−3, which are almost 40-fold and 1500-fold, respectively, higher than those of non-functionalized TEG-based TPU (PU). Additionally, damaged HG(10) shows 87% recovery after heated for 7 min at 80 °C, and completely cut HG(10) shows 80% recovery after 60 min of reattachment at same temperature. The HG interactions in TPU are an important factor in stress dispersion, increasing both its mechanical and self-healing properties. The TPU linked via HG interactions has great promise for use in industrial materials in the near future.

Potential Interventions Against BMPR2-Related Pulmonary Hypertension

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
James West ◽  
James E. Loyd ◽  
Rizwan Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Patient Registries ◽  
Metabolic Defects ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Splicing Defects ◽  
Trafficking Defects ◽  
Molecular Bases ◽  
Near Future

For more than 60 years, researchers have sought to understand the molecular basis of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Recognition of the heritable form of the disease led to the creation of patient registries in the 1980s and 1990s, and discovery of BMPR2 as the cause of roughly 80% of heritable PAH in 2000. With discovery of the disease gene came opportunity for intervention, with focus on 2 alternative approaches. First, it may be possible to correct the effects of BMPR2 mutation directly through interventions targeted at correction of trafficking defects, increasing expression of the unmutated allele, and correction of splicing defects. Second, therapeutic interventions are being targeted at the signaling consequences of BMPR2 mutation. In particular, therapies targeting cytoskeletal and metabolic defects caused by BMPR2 mutation are currently in trials, or will be ready for human trials in the near future. Translation of these findings into therapies is the culmination of decades of research, and holds great promise for treatment of the underlying molecular bases of disease.

scholarly journals A Siamese neural network model for the prioritization of metabolic disorders by integrating real and simulated data

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. i787-i794
Author(s):  
Gian Marco Messa ◽  
Francesco Napolitano ◽  
Sarah H. Elsea ◽  
Diego di Bernardo ◽  
Xin Gao
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Inborn Errors ◽  
Metabolomic Data ◽  
Near Future

Abstract Motivation Untargeted metabolomic approaches hold a great promise as a diagnostic tool for inborn errors of metabolisms (IEMs) in the near future. However, the complexity of the involved data makes its application difficult and time consuming. Computational approaches, such as metabolic network simulations and machine learning, could significantly help to exploit metabolomic data to aid the diagnostic process. While the former suffers from limited predictive accuracy, the latter is normally able to generalize only to IEMs for which sufficient data are available. Here, we propose a hybrid approach that exploits the best of both worlds by building a mapping between simulated and real metabolic data through a novel method based on Siamese neural networks (SNN). Results The proposed SNN model is able to perform disease prioritization for the metabolic profiles of IEM patients even for diseases that it was not trained to identify. To the best of our knowledge, this has not been attempted before. The developed model is able to significantly outperform a baseline model that relies on metabolic simulations only. The prioritization performances demonstrate the feasibility of the method, suggesting that the integration of metabolic models and data could significantly aid the IEM diagnosis process in the near future. Availability and implementation Metabolic datasets used in this study are publicly available from the cited sources. The original data produced in this study, including the trained models and the simulated metabolic profiles, are also publicly available (Messa et al., 2020).

scholarly journals Prospects for p53-based cancer therapy.

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Stokłosa ◽  
Jakub Gołab
Keyword(s):  
Human Tumor ◽  
P53 Gene ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Mutant Form ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
P53 Pathway ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Stress Signals ◽  
Near Future

The p53 tumor suppressor plays the role of a cellular hub which gathers stress signals such as damage to DNA or hypoxia and translates them into a complex response. p53 exerts its action mainly as a potent transcription factor. The two major outcomes of p53 activity are highlighted: cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. During malignant transformation p53 or p53-pathway related molecules are disabled extremely often. Mutations in p53 gene are present in every second human tumor. A mutant form of p53 may not only negate the wild type p53 function but may play additional role in tumor progression. Therefore p53 represents a relatively unique and specific target for anticancer drug design. Current approaches include several different molecules able to restore p53 wild-type conformation and activity. Such small molecule drugs hold great promise in treating human tumors with dysfunction of p53 pathway in the near future.

Building better rechargeable Zn–Mn batteries with a highly active Mn3O4/carbon nanowire cathode and neutral Na2SO4/MnSO4 electrolyte

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (77) ◽  
pp. 10835-10838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai Ma ◽  
Linpo Li ◽  
Yani Liu ◽  
Jianhui Zhu ◽  
Ting Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Battery System ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Carbon Nanowire ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Carbon Nanowires

A more reliable/eco-friendly secondary Zn–Mn battery system is built with highly active Mn3O4@carbon nanowires and near-neutral electrolytes. Such configured batteries show high reversibility and superior behavior in terms of both stored capacity and cycling durability, holding great promise in near-future power-supply applications.

scholarly journals Biomimetic materials research: what can we really learn from nature's structural materials?

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (15) ◽  
pp. 637-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Fratzl
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Functional Adaptation ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Biomimetic Materials ◽  
Damage Repair ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Hierarchical Structuring ◽  
Biological World ◽  
Further Development

Nature provides a wide range of materials with different functions and which may serve as a source of bio-inspiration for the materials scientist. The article takes the point of view that a successful translation of these ideas into the technical world requires more than the observation of nature. A thorough analysis of structure-function relations in natural tissues must precede the engineering of new bio-inspired materials. There are, indeed, many opportunities for lessons from the biological world: on growth and functional adaptation, about hierarchical structuring, on damage repair and self-healing. Biomimetic materials research is becoming a rapidly growing and enormously promising field. Serendipitous discovery from the observation of nature will be gradually replaced by a systematic approach involving the study of natural tissues in materials laboratories, the application of engineering principles to the further development of bio-inspired ideas and the generation of specific databases.

scholarly journals Two Birds with One Stone: Preparation of 4, 4-Diaminodiphenylmethane Functionalized GO@SiO2 with Mechanical Reinforcement and UV Shielding Properties and Its Application in Thermoplastic Polyurethane

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4220
Author(s):  
Guoxin Ding ◽  
Hongxu Tai ◽  
Chuanxin Chen ◽  
Chenfeng Sun ◽  
Zhongfeng Tang
Keyword(s):  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Functional Coatings ◽  
Mechanical Reinforcement ◽  
Functionalized Graphene Oxide ◽  
Uv Shielding ◽  
Amidation Reaction ◽  
Weather Resistance ◽  
Silica Dioxide

This study prepared 4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM)-functionalized graphene oxide (GO)@silica dioxide (SiO2) nano-composites through amidation reaction and low-temperature precipitation. The resulting modified GO, that was DDM−GO@SiO2. The study found that DDM−GO@SiO2 showed good dispersion and compatibility with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) substrates. Compared with pure TPU, the tensile strength of the TPU composites increased by 41% to 94.6 MPa at only 0.5 wt% DDM−GO@SiO2. In addition, even when a small amount of DDM−GO@SiO2 was added, the UV absorption of TPU composites increased significantly, TPU composites can achieve a UV shielding efficiency of 95.21% in the UV-A region. These results show that this type of material holds great promise for the preparation of functional coatings and film materials with high strength and weather resistance.

scholarly journals Use of Computed Tomography Scan Technology to Explore the Porosity of Concrete: Scientific Possibilities and Technological Limitations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8699
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel Vicente ◽  
Álvaro Mena ◽  
Jesús Mínguez ◽  
Dorys Carmen González
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Mercury Porosimetry ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Technological Limitations ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Concrete Matrix ◽  
Tomography Scan

This paper shows the scientific possibilities of computed tomography for the study of concrete porosity. The enormous technological advances in computed tomography equipment used in materials research, with increasingly higher energy, better resolution and smaller pixel size will allow, in the near future, viewing pore sizes that are currently unthinkable, competing in resolution with the traditional techniques of mercury porosimetry and nitrogen adsorption. The challenge at that time (and to a lesser extent today) will be how to extract as much information as possible from the large amount of data provided by computed tomography equipment. In this article, through the study of six cubic specimens of 40 mm sides, different techniques of extraction and presentation of the information are shown, which help us to better understand the characterization of the morphology and distribution of the pores inside the concrete matrix. This information is essential to understand some of the macroscopic responses of the concrete.

scholarly journals Synthesis and in vitro Evaluation of Thermosensitive PLA-g-P(HEM-co-NIPAAM) Hydrogel Used for Delivery of VEGF

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 8043-8051
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Engineered Tissue ◽  
Growth Factor Release ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Near Future ◽  
External Intervention

Bone has self-healing potential, but this characteristic is limited and requires external intervention. Bone formation is a dynamic process influenced by various growth factors. Angiogenesis is a fundamental phase and essential in the early stages of bone regeneration. Because of insufficient vascularization within osteoconductive or osteoinductive bone scaffolds, VEGF can be loaded into the scaffolds structure to induce blood vessels throughout engineered tissue. For this propose, PLA-g-P(HEM-co-NIPAAM) copolymers with HEMA:NIPAAm ratio of 1:1 and 1:5 are synthesized, and their biocompatibility, swelling, and vascular endothelial growth factor release properties are investigated. The hydrogels were biocompatible, and the cell attachment and growth were increased facing these hydrogels. The swelling performance of the synthesized hydrogels is increased by increasing the PHEMA ratio in the copolymer, which leads to high loading capacity. Different specifications for percent released over different time periods were achieved for the as-synthesized hydrogel, which will play a powerful role in bone regeneration in the near future.

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