scholarly journals Solar Cells for Indoor Applications: Progress and Development

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1338
Author(s):  
Swarup Biswas ◽  
Hyeok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Critical Issues

The Internet of things (IoT) has been rapidly growing in the past few years. IoT connects numerous devices, such as wireless sensors, actuators, and wearable devices, to optimize and monitor daily activities. Most of these devices require power in the microwatt range and operate indoors. To this end, a self-sustainable power source, such as a photovoltaic (PV) cell, which can harvest low-intensity indoor light, is appropriate. Recently, the development of highly efficient PV cells for indoor applications has attracted tremendous attention. Therefore, different types of PV materials, such as inorganic, dye-sensitized, organic, and perovskite materials, have been employed for harvesting low-intensity indoor light energy. Although considerable efforts have been made by researchers to develop low-cost, stable, and efficient PV cells for indoor applications, Extensive investigation is necessary to resolve some critical issues concerning PV cells, such as environmental stability, lifetime, large-area fabrication, mechanical flexibility, and production cost. To address these issues, a systematic review of these aspects will be highly useful to the research community. This study discusses the current status of the development of indoor PV cells based on previous reports. First, we have provided relevant background information. Then, we have described the different indoor light sources, and subsequently critically reviewed previous reports regarding indoor solar cells based on different active materials such as inorganic, dye-sensitized, organic, and perovskite. Finally, we have placed an attempt to provide insight into factors needed to further improve the feasibility of PV technology for indoor applications.

Progress in Producing Large Area Flexible Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna C. Mandal ◽  
Michael Choi ◽  
Caleb Noblitt ◽  
R. David Rauh
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Low Area ◽  
Dye Sensitized

ABSTRACTDye sensitized nanocrystalline TiO2 solar cells have been reported with over 11% efficiency and are extremely promising as very low cost and lightweight photovoltaic sources. However, most reports are for cells of low area fabricated on glass, which withstands processing temperatures of ∼450°C. In this paper, we describe the fabrication and performance of cells made on flexible ITO-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates with 6” × 3” dimensions. To improve the efficiency in the cells, we enhanced the ITO current collection efficiency with metallization fingers. The fingers resulted in a >10 fold increase in short-circuit current under normal solar illumination compared to cells without metallization. Further improvements were realized by passivating the metallization fingers at the metal/polymer electrolyte interface.

Sputtering and sulfurization-combined synthesis of a transparent WS2 counter electrode and its application to dye-sensitized solar cells

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (125) ◽  
pp. 103567-103572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Hussain ◽  
Shoyebmohamad F. Shaikh ◽  
Dhanasekaran Vikraman ◽  
Rajaram S. Mane ◽  
Oh-Shim Joo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Counter Electrode ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Counter Electrodes ◽  
Tungsten Sulfide ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Radio Frequency Sputtering ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

In this work, continuous and large-area tungsten sulfide films, deposited by radio frequency sputtering followed by a sulfurization process, were applied as a low-cost platinum-free counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells.

Low-Cost, Large-Area Nanocrystalline TiO2 -Polymer Solar Cells on Flexible Plastics

2002 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna C. Mandal ◽  
Anton Smirnov ◽  
D. Peramunage ◽  
R. David Rauh
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Polymer Solar Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Star Polymer ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Nanocrystalline Tio2 ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Lamination Process

ABSTRACTThis paper describes our recent research on the development of fully flexible and low-cost dye-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO2 solar cells (DSSC). At EIC Laboratories, we have developed various large-area solid-state versions, which include both ionically, and hole-conducting allpolymer DSSCs made by continuous coating and lamination process. Various critical steps involve ∼10 micron thick nanocrystalline TiO2 film deposition on conducting PET plastics by various methods such as spraying, spin coating, and screen printing, a low temperature sintering (∼150°C) process, and polymer laminated electrolyte have been demonstrated as valuable active components. The photovoltaic (PV) performance presented in this paper show the fabricated solar cells of ∼1.2 cm2 area with reproducible AM1.5 (Air Mass 1.5) efficiencies of 4.7%. A prototype solar cell with a new hole conducting star polymer with AM 1.5 efficiency ∼2.12% has been thoroughly characterized and discussed.

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Built on Plastic Substrates by Low-Temperature Preparation of Semiconductor Films

2010 ◽  
Vol 451 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Miyasaka
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Semiconductor Films ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Plastic Substrates ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Low Temperature Preparation ◽  
Plastic Solar Cells

Printable materials and technologies to realize low-cost dye-sensitized solar cell fabricated on thin plastic substrates are reviewed. Mesoscopic conductive materials and pastes that enable low-temperature coating of electrochemically active films for photoanode and conterelectrode are described in aspects of material preparation, electrochemical and photovoltaic behavior, and stability of the plastic electrode. Performance of plastic solar cells and modules are discussed with respects to the structure and thickness of the non-sintered mesoporous films, light-harvesting functions of dyes, and optimization of electrolyte compositions. Commercial advantages of the lightweight, flexible cell in power generation are also introduced based on proof-of-concept tests with large-area modules.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Variasi Jarak Sumber Cahaya Terhadap Kinerja Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) Menggunakan Ekstrak Antosianin Bunga Rossela

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-23
Author(s):  
Rafika Andari
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cell ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Halogen Lamp ◽  
Cell Efficiency ◽  
Dye Sensitized

Abstrak Objektif. Penggunaan sel surya silikon saat ini masih tergolong mahal serta juga menggunakan bahan kimia yang berbahaya pada proses pembuatannya. Oleh karena itu perlu dikembangkan sel surya alternatif yang berbahan dasar murah dan ramah lingkungan, seperti DSSC (Dye Sensitized Solar Cell). Penggunaan DSSC sangat bagus dikembangkan dikarenakan proses pembuatan yang sederhana, biaya murah serta berbahan dasar organik.. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, perlu adanya pengembangan DSSC menggunakan dye dari ekstrak antosianin dari bahan alam yang banyak terdapat dilingkungan.  Material and Metode. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik DSSC menggunakan ekstrak bunga rosella dengan variasi jarak sumber cahaya terhadap DSSC. Karakteristik yang diukur adalah nilai arus dan tegangan serta efisiensi sel.  Sebagai sumber cahaya digunakan adalah lampu halogen 150 watt. Sumber cahaya diletakkan pada jarak 10 cm, 20 cm dan 30 cm. Hasil. Karakterisasi nilai tegangan dan arus DSSC menggunakan cahaya lampu halogen dengan jarak 10 cm terhadap DSSC lebih besar dibandingkan dengan jarak 20 cm dan 30 cm. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi sel yang berjarak 10 cm terhadap DSSC merupakan hasil terbaik arus maksimal (Imax) 0,08 mA, tegangan maksimal (Vmax) 121,7 mV. Kesimpulan. Kinerja dari DSSC dipengaruhi oleh jarak sumber cahaya yang digunakan terhadap sel. Perbedaan nilai efisiensi ini disebabkan oleh besar intensitas cahaya terhadap sel, semakin dekat jarak sumber cahaya semakin besar intensitas cahaya sehingga menghasilkan nilai efisiensi yang besar. Abstrack Objective. The use of silicon solar cells is still relatively expensive and also uses harmful chemicals in the manufacturing process. Therefore it is necessary to develop alternative solar cells that are based on inexpensive and environmentally friendly, such as DSSC (Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell). The use of DSSC is very well prepared because of the simple manufacturing process, low cost, and organic-based. Based on this, the development of DSSC requires the use of dye from anthocyanin extracts from natural materials that are widely available in the environment. Materials and Methods. This study aims to determine the characteristics of DSSC using rosella flower extracts with variations in the distance of the light source to DSSC. The trademarks measured are current and voltage values ​​and cell efficiency. As the light source used is a 150-watt halogen lamp. Light sources are placed at a distance of 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm. Results. Characterization of DSSC voltage and current values ​​using a halogen lamp with a distance of 10 cm to DSSC is more significant than a length of 20 cm and 30 cm. The test results show that the efficiency of cells within 10 cm of DSSC is the best result of maximum current (Imax) of 0.08 mA, maximum voltage (Vmax) of 121.7 mV. Conclusion. The performance of DSSC is influenced by the distance of the light source used against the cell. This difference in efficiency value is caused by the higher intensity of the light to the battery, the closer the distance of the light source, the higher the depth of the sun to produce an immense efficiency value.

scholarly journals Review of Polymer, Dye-Sensitized, and Hybrid Solar Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. F. Mohd-Nasir ◽  
M. Y. Sulaiman ◽  
N. Ahmad-Ludin ◽  
M. A. Ibrahim ◽  
K. Sopian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Hybrid Solar Cells ◽  
Photovoltaic Devices ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Device Structure ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Photovoltaic Solar Cells

The combination of inorganic nanoparticles semiconductor, conjugated polymer, and dye-sensitized in a layer of solar cell is now recognized as potential application in developing flexible, large area, and low cost photovoltaic devices. Several conjugated low bandgap polymers, dyes, and underlayer materials based on the previous studies are quoted in this paper, which can provide guidelines in designing low cost photovoltaic solar cells. All of these materials are designed to help harvest more sunlight in a wider range of the solar spectrum besides enhancing the rate of charge transfer in a device structure. This review focuses on developing solid-state dye-synthesized, polymer, and hybrid solar cells.

POTENTIAL EVALUATION OF YELLOW COTTON (COCHLOSPERMUM REGIUM) PIGMENTS FOR DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS APPLICATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
PHITCHAPHORN KHAMMEE ◽  
YUWALEE UNPAPROM ◽  
UBONWAN SUBHASAEN ◽  
RAMESHPRABU RAMARAJ
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Photoelectric Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Photoelectric Conversion ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Natural Pigments ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

Recently, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) have concerned significant attention attributable to their material preparation process, architectural and environmental compatibility, also low cost and effective photoelectric conversion efficiency. Therefore, this study aimed to use potential plant materials for DSSC. This research presents the extraction of natural pigments from yellow cotton flowers (Cochlospermum regium). In addition, the natural pigments were revealed that outstanding advantages, including a wide absorption range (visible light), easy extraction method, safe, innocuous pigments, inexpensive, complete biodegradation and ecofriendly. Methanol was used as a solvent extraction for the yellow cotton flower. The chlorophylls and carotenoid pigments extractions were estimated by a UV-visible spectrometer. The chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and carotenoid yield were 0.719±0.061 µg/ml, 1.484±0.107 µg/ml and 7.743±0.141 µg/ml, respectively. Thus, this study results suggested that yellow cotton flowers containing reasonable amounts appealable in the DSSC production.

A novel low cost texturization method for large area commercial mono-crystalline silicon solar cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (20) ◽  
pp. 3557-3567 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Gangopadhyay ◽  
K.H. Kim ◽  
S.K. Dhungel ◽  
U. Manna ◽  
P.K. Basu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

Mesoporous Bi2S3 nanorods with graphene-assistance as low-cost counter-electrode materials in dye-sensitized solar cells

Nanoscale ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
pp. 14433-14440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-qi Guo ◽  
Tian-zeng Jing ◽  
Xiao Zhang ◽  
Xiao-bing Yang ◽  
Zhi-hao Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Counter Electrode ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Catalytic Activities ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

In this work, we report the synthesis of mesoporous Bi2S3 nanorods under hydrothermal conditions without additives, and investigated their catalytic activities as the CE in DSCs by I–V curves and tested conversion efficiency.

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