scholarly journals Potential Natural Fiber Polymeric Nanobiocomposites: A Review

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Faridul Hasan ◽  
Péter György Horváth ◽  
Tibor Alpár
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Flexural Rigidity ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Matrix Polymer ◽  
Polymer Resin ◽  
Thermosetting Polymers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Mechanical Performances

Composite materials reinforced with biofibers and nanomaterials are becoming considerably popular, especially for their light weight, strength, exceptional stiffness, flexural rigidity, damping property, longevity, corrosion, biodegradability, antibacterial, and fire-resistant properties. Beside the traditional thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers, nanoparticles are also receiving attention in terms of their potential to improve the functionality and mechanical performances of biocomposites. These remarkable characteristics have made nanobiocomposite materials convenient to apply in aerospace, mechanical, construction, automotive, marine, medical, packaging, and furniture industries, through providing environmental sustainability. Nanoparticles (TiO2, carbon nanotube, rGO, ZnO, and SiO2) are easily compatible with other ingredients (matrix polymer and biofibers) and can thus form nanobiocomposites. Nanobiocomposites are exhibiting a higher market volume with the expansion of new technology and green approaches for utilizing biofibers. The performances of nanobiocomposites depend on the manufacturing processes, types of biofibers used, and the matrix polymer (resin). An overview of different natural fibers (vegetable/plants), nanomaterials, biocomposites, nanobiocomposites, and manufacturing methods are discussed in the context of potential application in this review.

The Influence of Ultrasonic Energy on Chemical Treatment of Surface Properties and the Properties of Composites Made of Luffa Cylindrical Fiber-Polyester Resin

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Dilara Koçak
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structure ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Cylindrical Fiber ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Producing composites from natural fibers is known to be common. These fibers benefit from their mechanical performances, low density, and their biodegradability. However, it is necessary for the fibers to form adhesion in the matrix. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a chemical process to the surface of the fibers. In this study, four different processes in conventional and ultrasonic energies were applied on luffa cylindrical fibers. At the end of the application, a composite structure was formed on the fibers that were obtained by using unsaturated polyester resin. The changes in the characteristics of the composite structure were recorded by mechanical tests, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffractometer, and their morphological characteristics by means of scanning electron microscopy. Considering all the results, formic acid and acetic acid process results were found to adequately modify the fiber surfaces.

Machining parametric study on the natural fiber reinforced composites: A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110637
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar Mahakur ◽  
Sumit Bhowmik ◽  
Promod Kumar Patowari
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Input Variables

Nowadays, the utilization of natural fiber reinforced composite has increased frequently. These natural fibers have significant features like low cost, renewable, and, more importantly, biodegradable in nature, making them to be utilized for various industrial sectors. However, the massive demand for natural fiber reinforced composites (NFRC), forces them to be machined and operated, which is required for countless areas in multiple industries like automotive, marine, aerospace and constructions. But before obtaining the final shape of any specimen, this specimen should come across numerous machining processes to get the desired shape and structure. Therefore, the present review paper focused on the various aspects during conventional and unconventional machining of the NFRC. It covers the work by exploring the influence of all input variables on the outcome produced after machining the NFRC. Various methodologies and tools are also discussed in this article for reducing the machining defects. The machining of the NFRC is found as a challenging task due to insufficient interlocking between the matrix and fibers, and minimum knowledge in machining characteristics and appropriate input parameters. Thus, this review is trying to assist the readers to grasp a basic understanding and information during the machining of the NFRC in every aspect.

Fabrication and Testing of Abaca Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composites for Automotive Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 718-720 ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja R. Niranjan ◽  
S. Junaid Kokan ◽  
R. Sathya Narayanan ◽  
S. Rajesh ◽  
V.M. Manickavasagam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Fibre Composite ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Vertical Orientation ◽  
The Matrix

The natural fibre composite materials are nowadays playing a vital role in replacing the conventional and synthetic materials for industrial applications. This paper proposes a natural fiber composite made of Abaca fibre as reinforcing agent with Epoxy resin as the matrix, manufactured using Hand Lay-up method. Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics (woven rovings) are used to improve the surface finish and impart more strength and stiffness to natural fibers. In this work, the fibers are arranged in alternative layers of abaca in horizontal and vertical orientation. The mechanical properties of the composite are determined by testing the samples for tensile and flexural strength. It is observed that the tensile strength of the composite material is dependent on the strength of the natural fiber and also on the interfacial adhesion between the reinforcement and the matrix. The composite is developed for automobile dashboard/mudguard application. It may also be extended to biomedical, electronics and sports goods manufacturing. It can also be used in marine products due to excellent resistance of abaca to salt water damage since the tensile strength when it is wet.

scholarly journals A Study on Mechanical Behaviour of Surface Modified Rice Husk/Polypropylene Composite Using Sodium Hydroxide

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
Kannan Rassiah ◽  
Aidy Ali
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
The Impact

There are many studies has been done on the natural fibers of cellulose contents as a reinforcing material. Yet, the main challenge in the research of natural fiber is the poor compatibility. In this study, the surface modification techniques were performed on granular size rice husk (RH) such as untreated, boiled and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treated reinforced polypropylene (PP) was consolidated to improve the mechanical properties. An internal mixer machine is set for four different composites compositions and the samples produced by hot press machine. The specimens were analyzed by different techniques such as hardness test, impact test, tensile test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This study shown that, the presence of NaOH indicates higher young modulus and hardness test value compared to boiled treated and untreated RH. While for the impact strength and tensile strength value shows untreated, boiled treated and NaOH treated PP/RH composite decreased when fiber loading increased. The morphological analysis was conducted to determine the effects of natural fiber bonding between the matrix materials after boiling and NaOH treatments for mechanical testing broken specimens.

scholarly journals Mechanical Characterization of Epoxy Filled with Seed Shells as Reinforcement

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 6972-6977
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Sunflower Seed Shells

The use of natural fiber composite has been widely promoted in many industries such as construction, automotive and even aerospace. Natural fibers can be extracted from plants that are abundantly available in the form of waste such as sunflower seed shells (SSS) and groundnut shells (GNS). These fibers were chosen as the reinforcement in epoxy to form composites. The performance of composites was evaluated following the ASTM D3039 and ASTM D790 for tensile and flexural tests respectively. Eight types of composites were prepared using SSS and GNS fibers as reinforcement and epoxy as the matrix with the fiber content of 20wt %. The fibers were untreated and treated with Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) at various concentrations (6%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) and soaking time (24, 48 and 72 hours). The treatment has successfully enhanced the mechanical properties of both composites, namely SSS/epoxy and GNS/epoxy composites. The SSS/epoxy composite has the best mechanical properties when the fibers were treated for 48 hours using 6% of NaOH that produced 22 MPa and 13 MPa of tensile and flexural strength respectively. Meanwhile, the treatment on groundnut shells with 10% sodium Hydroxide for 24 hours has increased the Flexural strength tremendously (53%), however no significant effect on the tensile strength. The same trend was also observed on the tensile and flexural modulus. The increase of 41% in flexural modulus after treatment with 10% NaOH for 24 hours was also the evidence of mechanical properties enhancement. The evidence of improved fiber and matrix bonding after fiber treatment was also observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SSS/epoxy composites performed better in tensile application, meanwhile the GNS/epoxy composites are good in flexural application.

scholarly journals A Review on Natural Fiber-Reinforced Geopolymer and Cement-Based Composites

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 4603
Author(s):  
Marfa Camargo ◽  
Eyerusalem Adefrs Taye ◽  
Judith Roether ◽  
Daniel Tilahun Redda ◽  
Aldo Boccaccini
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Matrix Interface ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Fiber Matrix Interface ◽  
Fiber Matrix

The use of ecological materials for building and industrial applications contributes to minimizing the environmental impact of new technologies. In this context, the cement and geopolymer sectors are considering natural fibers as sustainable reinforcement for developing composites. Natural fibers are renewable, biodegradable, and non-toxic, and they exhibit attractive mechanical properties in comparison with their synthetic fiber counterparts. However, their hydrophilic character makes them vulnerable to high volumes of moisture absorption, thus conferring poor wetting with the matrix and weakening the fiber–matrix interface. Therefore, modification and functionalization strategies for natural fibers to tailor interface properties and to improve the durability and mechanical behavior of cement and geopolymer-based composites become highly important. This paper presents a review of the physical, chemical and biological pre-treatments that have been performed on natural fibers, their results and effects on the fiber–matrix interface of cement and geopolymer composites. In addition, the degradation mechanisms of natural fibers used in such composites are discussed. This review finalizes with concluding remarks and recommendations to be addressed through further in-depth studies in the field.

Review of Natural Fiber Reinforced Elastomer Composites

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pantea Kooshki ◽  
Tsz-Ho Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Elastomeric Matrix ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Fiber Matrix ◽  
Physical Treatments

This paper is a review on mechanical characteristics of natural fibers reinforced elastomers (both thermoplastics and thermosets). Increasing environmental concerns and reduction of petroleum resources attracts researchers attention to new green eco-friendly materials. To solve these environmental related issues, cellulosic fibers are used as reinforcement in composite materials. These days natural fibers are at the center of attention as a replacement for synthetic fibers like glass, carbon, and aramid fibers due to their low cost, satisfactory mechanical properties, high specific strength, renewable resources usage and biodegradability. The hydrophilic property of natural fibers decreases their compatibility with the elastomeric matrix during composite fabrication leading to the poor fiber-matrix adhesion. This causes low mechanical properties which is one of the disadvantages of green composites. Many researches have been done modifying fiber surface to enhance interfacial adhesion between filler particles and elastomeric matrix, as well as their dispersion in the matrix, which can significantly affect mechanical properties of the composites. Different chemical and physical treatments are applied to improve fiber/matrix interlocking.

Composite Materials Types and Applications

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽  
Polymeric Composites ◽  
World Market ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Textile Fabrics ◽  
Unique Material ◽  
The Matrix

A composite is composed from two or more different materials that are combined together to create a superior and unique material. Composites are divided into three main categories according to the matrix type; Metal Matrix Composites, Ceramic Matrix Composites and Fiber Reinforced Polymeric Composites. In this chapter, a general overview of these categories will be done. More emphasis is on polymeric composites reinforced by textile fabrics. A brief introduction of synthetic and natural fibers is presented. Also, a general investigation on the world market of natural fiber concerning the production, development, research fields and main applications will be provided.

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Natural Fibers

2008 ◽  
Vol 33-37 ◽  
pp. 553-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Yan Ping Hu ◽  
Chun Jing Hu ◽  
Ye Hong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Set Up

Natural fibers are excellent substitute materials for man made fibers in making fiber reinforced composites due to their high specific strength and modulus, low density, low price, easy availability in some countries, recyclable and degradable properties. They have raised great attentions among material scientists and engineers in the past decade. Many researches have been conducted to study the mechanical properties, especially interfacial properties of natural fiber reinforced composites. However, the properties, such as mechanical performances, moisture absorption behaviors, et. al of natural fibers themselves have been seldom investigated. Knowing the relationship between microstructures and properties of natural fibers are important for understanding the bulk properties of natural fiber composites and also good instructions for designing bio-mimic materials. In this study, four kinds of natural fibers which were extracted from different plant sources were investigated. The microstructures of these natural fibers were revealed with the aid of optical microscopy. Microstructure models were thereof set up and mechanical properties for the representative volume element were assumed. Fiber bundle fracture models together with probability statistics analysis were employed to calculate the mechanical properties of natural fibers. The results were compared with the experimental measurements. Different mechanical behaviors of natural fibers which were functioned differently in the nature were clearly explained by the above studies

scholarly journals Rice Husk Filled Polymer Composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Arjmandi ◽  
Azman Hassan ◽  
Khaliq Majeed ◽  
Zainoha Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Filled Polymer ◽  
Agroindustrial Waste ◽  
The Matrix

Natural fibers from agricultural wastes are finding their importance in the polymer industry due to the many advantages such as their light weight, low cost and being environmentally friendly. Rice husk (RH) is a natural sheath that forms around rice grains during their growth. As a type of natural fiber obtained from agroindustrial waste, RH can be used as filler in composites materials in various polymer matrices. This review paper is aimed at highlighting previous works of RH filled polymer composites to provide information for applications and further research in this area. Based on the information gathered, application of RH filled composites as alternative materials in building and construction is highly plausible with both light weight and low cost being their main driving forces. However, further investigations on physical and chemical treatment to further improve the interfacial adhesion with polymeric matrix are needed as fiber-polymer interaction is crucial in determining the final composite properties. Better understanding on how the used polymer blends as the matrix and secondary fillers may affect the properties would provide interesting areas to be explored.

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