scholarly journals Surface Modification of Staple Carbon Fiber by Dopamine to Reinforce Natural Latex Composite

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 988
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Tian ◽  
Shuang Han ◽  
Qianxiao Zhuang ◽  
Huiguang Bian ◽  
Shaoming Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Rubber Composite ◽  
Thermal And Electrical Properties ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Poor Adhesion

Carbon fiber significantly enhances the mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of rubber composites, which are widely used in aerospace, military, national defense and other cutting-edge fields. The preparation of a high-performance carbon fiber rubber composite has been a research hotspot, because the surface of carbon fiber is smooth, reactive inert and has a poor adhesion with rubber. In this paper, a high-performance rubber composite is prepared by mixing dopamine-modified staple carbon fiber with natural latex, and the mechanisms of modified carbon fiber-reinforced natural latex composite are explored. The experimental results show that the surface-modified staple carbon fiber forms uniform and widely covered polydopamine coatings, which significantly improve the interface adhesion between the carbon fiber and the rubber matrix. Meanwhile, when the concentration of dopamine is 1.5 g/L and the staple carbon fiber is modified for 6h, the carbon fiber rubber composite shows excellent conductivity, thermal conductivity, and dynamic mechanical properties, and its tensile strength is 10.6% higher than that of the unmodified sample.

scholarly journals Rivet-Inspired Modification of Aramid Fiber by Decorating with Silica Particles to Enhance the Interfacial Interaction and Mechanical Properties of Rubber Composites

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2665
Author(s):  
Yihang Li ◽  
Yuzhu Xiong ◽  
Qingpo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Silica Particles ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Aramid Fiber ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Surface Modified

A rivet–inspired method of decorating aramid fiber (AF) with silica particles (SiO2) is proposed to produce SiO2@AF hybrid materials that have largely enhanced interfacial interaction with the rubber matrix. AF was firstly surface-modified with polyacrylic acid (PAA) to obtain PAA–AF, and SiO2 was silanized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to obtain APES–SiO2. Then, SiO2@AF was prepared by chemically bonding APES–SiO2 onto the surface of PAA–AF in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP). With the incorporation of SiO2@AF into the rubber matrix, SiO2@AF hybrid materials with high surface roughness can play a role as ‘rivets’ to immobilize large numbers of rubber chains on the surface. The tear strength and tensile strength of rubber composite that filling 4 phr SiO2@AF are dramatically increased by 97.8% and 89.3% compared to pure rubber, respectively. Furthermore, SiO2@AF has superiority in enhancing the cutting resistance of rubber composites, in contrast with unmodified AF and SiO2. SiO2@AF is suitable to be applied as a novel reinforcing filler in rubber composites for high performance.

Study on Carbon Fiber Reinforced Chloroprene Rubber Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 1052 ◽  
pp. 254-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li Wu ◽  
Jiang Kun Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Temperature Resistance ◽  
Rubber Composite ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Chloroprene Rubber

Due to the low strength of ordinary rubber, poor high temperature resistance and abrasion resistance, limit their service life. In this paper, the high-performance carbon fiber (CF) was used as a reinforcement, the chloroprene rubber (CR) as the matrix, and coupling agent as a compatilizer, prepared carbon fiber/rubber composite materials. The content of carbon fiber was determined by testing the mechanical and thermal properties. The effect of coupling agent on the compatibility between rubber and carbon fiber was studied by using as a bonding agent. The compatibility of the carbon fiber and rubber were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the formula obtained best mechanical properties is 100 phr chloroprene rubber, 12 phr carbon fiber, and 2.5 phr KH-550. And further demonstrate that compatibility of carbon fiber / chloroprene rubber with adding 12phr CF by SEM analysis.

scholarly journals Continuous Preparation and Properties of Silica/Rubber Composite Using Serial Modular Mixing

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Yiren Pan ◽  
Xiaolong Tian ◽  
Huaqiao Liu ◽  
Huiguang Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Continuous Mixing ◽  
Rubber Composite ◽  
Continuous Preparation ◽  
Serial Process ◽  
Elongation Flow ◽  
Visualization Experiments ◽  
Core Reaction

In order to efficiently prepare high-performance silica/rubber composites for use in the tread of semi-steel radial tires, a serial modular continuous mixer was designed according to the principle of modular functionalization. The modular structure and serial process helped control the accuracy of the silanization reaction. Synchronous four-wing serrated rotors and reverse meshing reaction mixing twin-rotors utilized shear flow and elongation flow to improve the dispersion. In this paper, the mechanism of serial modular continuous mixing was analyzed, and the influence of the core reaction mixing zone (various mixing elements) on silica-filled compounds was investigated by cooling visualization experiments, including dispersion, and the silanization reaction degree. Meanwhile, a comparative experiment between serial mixing and two-stage mixing was conducted, which showed that the serial process comprehensively improved the dispersion, mechanical properties, and dynamic mechanical properties of silica/rubber vulcanizate.

scholarly journals Manifestation of Interactions of Nano-Silica in Silicone Rubber Investigated by Low-Frequency Dielectric Spectroscopy and Mechanical Tests

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Wu ◽  
Yanfeng Gao ◽  
Xidong Liang ◽  
Stanislaw M. Gubanski ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Rubber Composite ◽  
Surface Modified

Silicone rubber composites filled with nano-silica are currently widely used as high voltage insulating materials in power transmission and substation systems. We present a systematic study on the dielectric and mechanical performance of silicone rubber filled with surface modified and unmodified fumed nano-silica. The results indicate that the different interfaces between the silicone rubber and the two types of nano-silica introduce changes in their dielectric response when electrically stressed by a sinusoidal excitation in the frequency range of 10−4–1 Hz. The responses of pure silicone rubber and the composite filled with modified silica can be characterized by a paralleled combination of Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars interface polarization and DC conduction. In contrast, the silicone rubber composite with the unmodified nano-silica exhibits a quasi-DC (Q-DC) transport process. The mechanical properties of the composites (represented by their stress-strain characteristics) reveal an improvement in the mechanical strength with increasing filler content. Moreover, the strain level of the composite with a modified filler is improved.

scholarly journals Effects of Zinc-Free Processing Aids on Silica-Reinforced Tread Compounds for Green Tires

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nam Chul Kim ◽  
Sung Ho Song
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Zinc Ion ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Tire Industry ◽  
Dispersing Agent ◽  
Rubber Composite ◽  
Processing Aids

With the development of “green tires” in the tire industry, the conventional carbon black filler that is used in tread formulations is being replaced with silica. Generally, this requires the addition of a processing aid, containing zinc ion, which acts as a lubricant and dispersing agent. However, because zinc is a heavy metal, zinc-free processing aids (ZFAs) are required to satisfy worldwide environmental concerns. We present herein a series of catalytically synthesized ZFAs and evaluate the effects of replacing zinc ion-containing processing aids (ZCAs) on a silica tread formulation. Interestingly, replacing ZCA with ZFA in a two parts per hundred rubber (phr) by weight formulation improved both its tensile strength and elongation by as much as 31% and 20%, respectively. ZFA-rubber formulations also exhibited a twofold enhancement in fatigue properties over those of ZCA-rubber formulations. Furthermore, pneumatic tires were fabricated from our ZFA-rubber formulation and compared against tires containing ZCAs. The ZFA-rubber composite exhibited improved dry and wet braking and rolling resistance due to enhanced dispersion of silica in the rubber matrix. These results show that rubber composites prepared with ZFAs may be promising in tire engineering applications.

scholarly journals EMERGING ADVANCES IN RUBBER TECHNOLOGY BY THE SUITABLE APPLICATION OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumarjyoti Roy ◽  
Subhas Chandra Debnath ◽  
Debdipta Basu ◽  
Aphiwat Pongwisuthiruchte ◽  
Pranut Potiyaraj
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Polymer Research ◽  
Rubber Nanocomposites ◽  
Synthesized Materials

ABSTRACT In recent years, the application of sol-gel science to industrial polymer research has offered advancements in rubber technology. The use of sol-gel–synthesized materials for the development of highly reinforced rubber composites is the most commonly adopted and popular method exercised by rubber scientists. This article comprehensively reviews the recent progress regarding preparation and properties of sol-gel–synthesized nanoparticles-based rubber composites. The pragmatic consequences of sol-gel–synthesized nanoparticles in rubber compounds are systematically described through rheological, mechanical, and thermal properties. Emphatic focus is given to understanding the reinforcement mechanism of rubber composites by the use of sol-gel–derived alkoxide silica as filler. The properties of rubber nanocomposites are usually dependent on the dispersion of sol-gel–synthesized nanoparticles into the rubber matrix. The results reviewed from prolific studies suggested that sol-gel science has tremendous potential to develop high performance rubber nanocomposites for future industrial application.

scholarly journals Carbon Black Replacement in Natural Rubber Composites Using Dry-Milled Calcium Carbonate, Soy Protein, and Biochar

Processes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Steven C. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Natural Rubber Composites ◽  
Rubber Composite

Recent discoveries have shown that calcium carbonate and soy protein interactions can be used to reinforce rubber composites with improvements on the effective crosslink density and moduli. However, the method to incorporate the soy protein into the rubber matrix may be costly to scale up, since it involves microfluidization and drying steps prior to rubber compounding. In this work, a simpler process involving dry-milled calcium carbonate and soy protein was used to explore filler blends of calcium carbonate, soy protein, biochar, and carbon black. By blending these filler materials in various ratios, rubber composite samples with 40–50% of the carbon black replaced by sustainable alternatives were made. These composites had essentially the same tensile strength, with better toughness and elongation properties relative to the carbon black control. These composites would reduce dependence on petroleum and be more amenable to the rubber composite compounding infrastructure.

scholarly journals Effect of Toughening with Different Liquid Rubber on Dielectric Relaxation Properties of Epoxy Resin

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuang Wang ◽  
Qing Sun ◽  
Kang Lei ◽  
Chi Chen ◽  
Lixiao Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Relative Dielectric Constant ◽  
Interfacial Polarization ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Liquid Rubber ◽  
Rubber Composite ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Dielectric Relaxation Properties

Liquid rubber is a common filler introduced to epoxy resin to improve its toughness for electrical insulation and electronic packaging applications. The improvement of toughness by adding liquid rubber to epoxy resin leads to the variation of its dielectric properties and relaxation behaviors and it has not been systematically studied yet. In this paper, four kinds of liquid rubber with different polarity were selected and the corresponding epoxy/liquid rubber composites have been prepared. By analyzing the temperature and frequency dependence of dielectric spectra, we found that a lower relative dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the epoxy/liquid rubber composites could be achieved by reducing the polarity of liquid rubber filler. These results also confirm that the polarity of liquid rubber plays a critical role in determining the α transition relaxation strength of rubber molecules at about −50 °C, as well as the relaxation time of interfacial polarization. In addition, the conductivity of rubber phase with different polarity were investigated by studying the apparent activation energy of interfacial polarization calculated from the Arrhenius plot. This study can provide a theoretical basis for designing high-performance epoxy/liquid rubber composite insulating materials for industrial use.

Synthesis of Natural Composite of Natural Rubber Filling Chitosan Nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 821 ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thidarat Petchsoongsakul ◽  
Peerapan Dittanet ◽  
Surapich Loykulnant ◽  
Chaveewan Kongkaew ◽  
Paweena Prapainainar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Natural Rubber Composites ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticle ◽  
Rubber Composite ◽  
Natural Composite

Mechanical properties of natural rubber composite were improved by adding chitosan nanoparticles in this work. The chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by ionotropic gelation method. The effect of chitosan nanoparticle content in natural rubber at 0, 3, 6 and 9 phr were studied. Size of the synthesized chitosan nanoparticles was 282 ± 96 nm. Natural rubber vulcanization was by electron irradiation at intensity 200 kGy. The morphology of composite was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties (tensile strength and modulus) were determined by tensile testing. The interaction of filler-rubber was illustrated by Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). It was found that chitosan nanoparticles was well dispersed within natural rubber matrix. The optimum filler content was affected to mechanicals properties of natural rubber composites. The chitosan nanoparticles at 3 phr in natural rubber composites was found to have the highest mechanical properties. The dispersion and immobilization of chitosan nanoparticles at 3 phr was the best among all loading. In addition, 3 phr chitosan nanoparticles / natural rubber composite had filler-rubber higher interaction than those of other loading.

A critical review on the utilization of various reinforcement modifiers in filled rubber composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumarjyoti Roy ◽  
Subhas Chandra Debnath ◽  
Pranut Potiyaraj
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
New Era ◽  
Filled Rubber ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Mechanism Of Interaction ◽  
Filler Dispersion

Presently, the development of high-performance filled rubber composites offers a new era in the industrial field of polymer research. This article reviews the utilization of various reinforcement modifiers on the successive property enhancement of rubber composites containing different commonly used fillers like silica, nanoclay, carbon nanotube, natural fibers, and so on. The practical importance of reinforcement modifiers in rubber technology is systematically described in the light of filler dispersion, processing, and mechanical properties of filled rubber compounds. A special emphasis is given on the mechanism of interaction between reinforcement modifiers and filler surface in filled rubber composites. Filler dispersion in the rubber matrix is the key parameter that controls the ultimate performance and rubber–filler interaction of filled rubber system. The use of some fixed reinforcement modifiers is an innovative way not only to solve the dispersion problem of filler particles but also to increase the reinforcing ability of most of the fillers in filled rubber products. Thus, the concept of reinforcement modifiers has the potential to facilitate further development of filler reinforcement technology for rubber-based composite materials.

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