scholarly journals Synthesis of Poly(2-aminothiazole)-Coated Polystyrene Particles and Their Excellent Hg(II) Adsorption Properties

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 749
Author(s):  
Hua Zou ◽  
Yiqian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Conjugated Polymer ◽  
Copper Chloride ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Composite Particles ◽  
Polymerization Temperature ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Latex Particles

Synthesis of conjugated polymer-coated latex particles is an effective method to improve the poor processability of conjugated polyheterocycles. The key to success is to control the overlayer thickness so it is less than the size of the solvated layer of polymeric stabilizer. This paper presents a protocol to coat polymer latex particles with poly(2-aminothiazole) (PAT), which is a relatively new heterocyclic conjugated polymer. The protocol is based on chemical oxidative polymerizations of 2-aminothiazole using copper chloride as the oxidant at a fixed oxidant/monomer molar ratio of 0.5 in aqueous media in the presence of poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)-functionalized polystyrene (PS) latex. The effects of monomer concentration, PS concentration, and polymerization temperature on the morphology of the PAT-coated PS composite particles were investigated by SEM and TEM, and the resulting composite particles characterized by FTIR and XPS. Optimization of the initial monomer concentration allowed colloidally stable PAT-coated PS composite particles to be formed at ambient temperature, and the PAT loading was easily adjusted by varying the initial PS concentration. The Hg(II) adsorption properties of selected PAT-coated PS composite particles were assessed preliminarily. The maximum adsorption capacity at 25 °C reached 440.25 mg/g, which is much higher than many other adsorbents.

Graft copolymerization of granular starch maleate with acrylamide for enhancing grafting efficiency

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhifeng Zhu ◽  
Longqiu Zhang ◽  
Manli Li
Keyword(s):  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Aqueous Dispersion ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Polymerization Temperature ◽  
Grafting Efficiency ◽  
Grafting Ratio ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Granular Starch

Abstract Graft copolymerization of granular starch maleate with acrylamide using Fenton’s initiator in aqueous dispersion was investigated for increasing grafting efficiency of the copoly­merization. The graft copolymerization was characterized in terms of grafting efficiency, grafting ratio, and conversion of monomer to polymer. Effects of maleate modification of starch on the efficiency, ratio, and conversion were explored. Influences of reaction variables such as pH value, molar ratio of H2O2 to Fe2+, initiator concentration, monomer concentration, polymerization temperature, and time on the copolymerization were investigated. It was observed that the modification of starch markedly increased grafting efficiency and ratio. The graft copolymerization should be carried out under the protection of nitrogen gas at 30°C–45°C for 3 h using H2O2/Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 as initiator. Preferred molar ratio of H2O2/Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2/anhydroglucose was 20:1:1000 and optimal value of pH was in a range of 3–4. The condition could make grafting efficiency and conversion of monomer to polymer higher than 65% and 95%, respectively.

scholarly journals Synthesis and kinetic studies of TiO2/polystyrene composite particles by emulsion polymerization

e-Polymers ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Jianmin ◽  
Peng Zheng ◽  
Sun Xiuguo ◽  
Wang Caihui ◽  
Gao Jungang
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Composite Particles ◽  
Polymerization Temperature ◽  
Initiator Concentration ◽  
Potassium Persulphate ◽  
Initial Monomer ◽  
Emulsifier Concentration

AbstractIn the presence of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, emulsion polymerization of styrene with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) as an emulsifier and potassium persulphate as an initiator was investigated in detail. It was shown that SDS concentration influences the morphology of the composite particles in higher degree. Moreover, the effects of operating variables such as emulsifier concentrations, initiator concentration, monomer concentration, and polymerization temperature on the kinetic features were also examined. The kinetic data showed that at conditions studied, the rate of polymerization over interval II was proportional to the 0.68 power of the initial emulsifier concentration, to the 2.2 power of the initial initiator concentration and to the 1.6 power of the initial monomer‟s concentration. The initiator concentration has a dominant effect on the rate of the polymerization. The appropriate conditions for polymerization were obtained when emulsifier concentration of 6.5×10-3 mol·L-1, initiator concentration of 4.4×10-3 mol·L-1, the polymerization temperature of 75 °C and the initial monomer‟s concentration of 0.288 mol·L-1 were used. The polymerization rate obtained is more favorable than that of the conventional emulsion approach. The experimental results can be reasonably ascribed to the nucleation mechanism of “TiO2/SDS” micelles in the emulsion polymerization of styrene.

Chemical Synthesis and Characterization of Conducting Poly(2-Aminothiazole)

2016 ◽  
Vol 867 ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Fei Lv ◽  
Xia Wang ◽  
Hua Zou
Keyword(s):  
Copper Chloride ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Polymerization Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Method ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this work, poly(2-aminothiazole) (P2AT) was synthesized by chemical oxidation method using 2-aminothiazole as the monomer. The polymerization was initiated using three different oxidants, CuCl2, FeCl3 and (NH4)2S2O8. The results suggested that the monomer was easily polymerized and higher yields were achieved when CuCl2 was used as the oxidant. The effects of reaction time and polymerization temperature on the yield of polymerization using CuCl2 were investigated. The polymerization yield of the P2ATs was 25.2 % at oxidant/monomer molar ratio of 0.1 for 24 h in the copper chloride /deionized water. The P2ATs were characterized by FT-IR, UV-vis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Ouricuri (Syagrus coronata) fiber: a novel biosorbent to remove methylene blue from aqueous solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Meili ◽  
Társila Santos da Silva ◽  
Daniely Carlos Henrique ◽  
João Inácio Soletti ◽  
Sandra Helena Vieira de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Equilibrium Studies

In this work, the potential of ouricuri (Syagrus coronata) fiber as a novel biosorbent to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions was investigated. The fiber was prepared and characterized according to the fundamental features for adsorption. A 23 experimental design was used to evaluate the effects of adsorbent dosage (M), fiber diameter (D) and agitation (A) on the adsorption capacity. In the more adequate conditions, kinetic and equilibrium studies were performed. The experimental design results showed that M = 10 g L−1), D = 0.595 mm and A = 200 rpm were the more adequate conditions for MB adsorption. Based on the kinetic study, it was found that the adsorption process was fast, being the equilibrium was attained at about 5 min, with 90% of color removal. The isotherm was properly represented by the Sips model, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 31.7 mg g−1. In brief, it was demonstrated that ouricuri fiber is an alternative biosorbent to remove MB from aqueous media, taking into account the process efficiency and economic viewpoint.

Polymerization of n-butyl methylacrylate using bis(β- ketoamino)nickel(II)/MAO catalytic systems

e-Polymers ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui He ◽  
Yiwang Chen ◽  
Yongming Liu ◽  
Muqing Chen ◽  
Shuxian Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Polymerization Temperature ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Polymerization Time ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Broad Molecular Weight Distribution ◽  
C Nmr

AbstractThe polymerizations of n-butyl methylacrylate (nBMA) were carried out using bis(β-ketoamino)nickel(II) complexes (Ni[CH3C(O)CHC(NR)CH3]2: R = phenyl, 1; R = naphthyl, 2) in combination with methylaluminoxane (MAO) in toluene. The effect of parameters such as polymerization temperature, Al/Ni molar ratios, polymerization time, and monomer concentration, on catalytic polymerization activity and polymer molecular weights, were examined in detail. Both of the nickel(II) catalytic systems exhibited moderate activity, and produced P(nBMA) with high molecular weight and relatively broad molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn=2.0~3.0. The obtained polymer has been characterized by means of FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, DSC, and WAXD technique and was confirmed to be syndio-rich stereospecific P(nBMA).

Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles in Aqueous Media by Assembly with Phospholipids via Dense Alkyl Chain Packing

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (17) ◽  
pp. 6935-6944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeol Kyo Choi ◽  
Dabin Lee ◽  
Sang Yup Lee ◽  
Tae Joo Shin ◽  
Juhyun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugated Polymer ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Polymer Nanoparticles ◽  
Chain Packing ◽  
Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles

scholarly journals ADSORPTION PROPERTIES OF TITANIA-SILICA MEMBRANES OBTAINED ON CERAMIC SUBSTRАTE

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-280
Author(s):  
T. F. Kouznetsova ◽  
A. I. Ivanets ◽  
J. D. Sauka
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Quartz Substrate ◽  
Cetylpyridinium Chloride ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Silica Membranes ◽  
Metal Silicate ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Titania-silica membranes on a porous quartz substrate are prepared by its direct contact with metal silicate sol at various Ti/Si ratios in the conditions of coagel sedimentation and presence of cetylpyridinium chloride. The study of textural and adsorption properties of membranes is conducted by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption, including methods of t-plots and DFT theory. It was shown that obtained membranes have mesoporous structure with the specific surface area and pore hydraulic diameter varied in intervals of 64–217 m2 /g and 4–11 nm, respectively. Developed values of surface area remain up to molar ratio of Ti/Si = 50/50.

scholarly journals Red Mud-Based Polyaluminum Ferric Chloride Flocculant: Preparation, Characterization and Flocculation Performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Cheng ◽  
Longjun Xu ◽  
Chenglun Liu ◽  
Zao Jiang ◽  
Qiyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Mud ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Iron Chloride ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Polymerization Temperature ◽  
Solution Ph

Abstract In this work, red mud was used as raw material to extract Al and Fe with hydrochloric acid. The high-efficiency polyaluminum iron chloride (PAFC) flocculant was prepared via adjusting the pH of the leaching solution, the molar ratio of aluminum and iron, and the polymerization temperature. The effect of synthesis and flocculation conditions on the flocculation performance of aged landfill leachate was investigated. The results confirmed that the PAFC prepared at the polymerization pH of 2.5, the Al/Fe molar ratio of 8, and the polymerization temperature of 70 °C had the optimum flocculation effect. The flocculation consequences of PAFC and commercial polyaluminum iron chloride flocculant (CPAFC) under different flocculation conditions were compared. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), UV254, chroma and settlement height of PAFC at flocculant concentration of 60 g/L and solution pH of 6 were 72.2%, 79.2%, 82.9% and 9.5 cm (within 90 min), respectively. PAFC has excellent flocculation performance and can be used as a simple, potentially low-cost wastewater treatment agent in industrial applications.

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