scholarly journals Application of Colloidal Dispersions of Bioshell Calcium Oxide (BiSCaO) for Disinfection

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Sato ◽  
Heisuke Ohata ◽  
Akinori Inoue ◽  
Masayuki Ishihara ◽  
Shingo Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Colloidal Dispersions ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Average Particle Diameter ◽  
Scallop Shell ◽  
Phosphate Compound ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Shell Powder

Bioshell calcium oxide (BiSCaO) is a scallop-shell powder heated at a high temperature. BiSCaO is composed mainly of calcium oxide and exhibits broad microbicidal properties. The aim of this study is to evaluate the disinfection and decontamination abilities of BiSCaO colloidal dispersions with that of commercially available bioshell calcium hydroxide (BiSCa(OH)2) following the formation of flocculants/precipitates under strongly alkaline conditions (pH 11.5–12.2). Various concentrations of BiSCaO and BiSCa(OH)2 colloidal dispersions were prepared by mixing with Na-polyPO4 (PP) and Na-triPO4 (TP) as flocculating agents. The microbicidal activities, and the degree of flocculation/precipitation of trypan blue, albumin, chondroitin sulfate, heparin, non-anticoagulant heparin carrying polystyrene (NAC-HCPS), and low-molecular-weight heparin/protamine nanoparticles (LMWH/P NPs) were dependent on the pH, the average particle diameter, and the concentration of BiSCaO or BiSCa(OH)2 and of the phosphate compound. BiSCaO (average particle diameter: 6 μm) colloidal dispersions (0.2 wt.%) containing 0.15 wt.% PP or TP exhibited substantially stronger microbicidal activity and flocculation/precipitation under strongly alkaline conditions. These results suggest that BiSCaO colloidal dispersions together with phosphate compounds have practical applicability for disinfection.

Preparation and pharmacokinetics of cefquinome sulfate liposomes in goats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haigang Wu ◽  
Jinni Liu ◽  
Gugangke Xu ◽  
Zhaowei Ye ◽  
Jicheng Liu and Benchi Yi
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Plasma Concentration ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Average Particle Diameter ◽  
Ethanol Injection ◽  
Elimination Half ◽  
Time Point

We evaluated the pharmacokinetics of cefquinome sulfate (CEF) liposomes in eight healthy goats following intramuscular administration at 4 mg/kg. The average particle diameter of CEF liposomes prepared by the ethanol injection method was 335nm with a CEF entrapment efficiency of 69.56%. The elimination half-life (t1/2b) of CEF liposomes was 33.04h compared with 16.21 h for CEF injected without carrier (p less than 0.05). The area under the concentration curve (AUC) for CEF liposomes was approximately three-times greater than for CEF alone (P less than 0.05). The time-point of maximum plasma concentration of the drug (Tp) and the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) were 4.38 h and 1.99 ìg/mL for CEF liposomes, compared with 1.86 h and 3.55 ìg/mL for CEF without carrier, respectively. 

scholarly journals Morphology and Degradation of Multicompartment Microparticles Based on Semi-Crystalline Polystyrene-block-Polybutadiene-block-Poly(L-lactide) Triblock Terpolymers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 4358
Author(s):  
Nicole Janoszka ◽  
Suna Azhdari ◽  
Christian Hils ◽  
Deniz Coban ◽  
Holger Schmalz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Average Particle Diameter ◽  
Selective Degradation ◽  
The Core ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
And Control ◽  
Triblock Terpolymers

The confinement assembly of block copolymers shows great potential regarding the formation of functional microparticles with compartmentalized structure. Although a large variety of block chemistries have already been used, less is known about microdomain degradation, which could lead to mesoporous microparticles with particularly complex morphologies for ABC triblock terpolymers. Here, we report on the formation of triblock terpolymer-based, multicompartment microparticles (MMs) and the selective degradation of domains into mesoporous microparticles. A series of polystyrene-block-polybutadiene-block-poly(L-lactide) (PS-b-PB-b-PLLA, SBL) triblock terpolymers was synthesized by a combination of anionic vinyl and ring-opening polymerization, which were transformed into microparticles through evaporation-induced confinement assembly. Despite different block compositions and the presence of a crystallizable PLLA block, we mainly identified hexagonally packed cylinders with a PLLA core and PB shell embedded in a PS matrix. Emulsions were prepared with Shirasu Porous Glass (SPG) membranes leading to a narrow size distribution of the microparticles and control of the average particle diameter, d ≈ 0.4 µm–1.8 µm. The core–shell cylinders lie parallel to the surface for particle diameters d < 0.5 µm and progressively more perpendicular for larger particles d > 0.8 µm as verified with scanning and transmission electron microscopy and particle cross-sections. Finally, the selective degradation of the PLLA cylinders under basic conditions resulted in mesoporous microparticles with a pronounced surface roughness.

Research on the Efficient Application of Silica Fume in High-Tech Cement-Based Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 1537-1540
Author(s):  
Dong Lin ◽  
Zi Yun Wen
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Packing Density ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Average Particle Diameter ◽  
Cement Based Materials ◽  
Pre Treatment

The comparison experiments are carried out at different silica fume dosage between the silica fume with pre-treatment and the silica fume without pre-treatment. The results show that the pre-treatment of silica fume improved the strength greatly and the silica fume dosage corresponding to the strength peak somewhat moved forward from 0.20 for the cement-based materials with pre-treatment of silica fume to 0.21 for the cement-based materials without pre-treatment of silica fume. The particles distribution experiment results indicate that after the pre-treatment of silica fume, the average particle diameter of silica fume reduced from 2.865μｍto 0.151μｍ. Based on Aim-Goff model, it is concluded that the increase in the compressive strength and flextural strength of cement-based materials with pre-treatment of silica fume, are attributed to the dispersion of silica fume agglomeration and the increase in the packing density of the cement-based materials.

Study on Synthesis of Starch Based Polymer Microspheres and Adsorption Behavior for Lead Ions

2014 ◽  
Vol 1004-1005 ◽  
pp. 311-314
Author(s):  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Jian Wei Ren
Keyword(s):  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Adsorption Behavior ◽  
Lead Ions ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Polymer Microspheres ◽  
Average Particle Diameter ◽  
Polymer Microsphere ◽  
Starch Microsphere ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry

The starch based polymer microspheres were synthesized in the system of the inverse emulsion polymerization. These polymer microspheres were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope and Grain Size Analyzer. Adsorption behavior of starch based polymer microspheres for Pb2+ was investigated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed that the average particle diameter of starch based polymer microspheres was about 43.9 μm, and surface of starch microsphere was rough and porous which could be beneficial to form adsorption layer. And the starch based polymer microsphere exhibited good adsorption of lead ions.

Bactericidal Effect of Calcium Oxide (Scallop-Shell Powder) AgainstPseudomonas aeruginosaBiofilm on Quail Egg Shell, Stainless Steel, Plastic, and Rubber

2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 1682-1687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Jin Jung ◽  
Shin Young Park ◽  
Seh Eun Kim ◽  
Ike Kang ◽  
Jiyong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Scallop Shell ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Shell Powder

scholarly journals Preparation and Application of Bioshell Calcium Oxide (BiSCaO) Nanoparticle-Dispersions with Bactericidal Activity

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 3415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sato ◽  
Ishihara ◽  
Nakamura ◽  
Fukuda ◽  
Takayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Reduction Activity ◽  
Nanoparticle Dispersions ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Scallop-shell powder (SSP) heated at high temperature exhibits high pH and broad antimicrobial activity. Bioshell calcium oxide (BiSCaO) is an SSP composed mainly of calcium oxide. It is poorly water-soluble under alkaline conditions and the generated precipitate can plug spray nozzles. The aim of this study was to establish that BiSCaO dispersion caused no significant CaO loss and plugging of spray nozzles, and to evaluate its deodorization and microbicidal abilities and its ability to reduce the concentrations of NO2− and NO3−. BiSCaO dispersions were prepared by mixing various concentrations of BiSCaO suspension, while phosphate compounds such as Na3PO4, Na2HPO4 or NaH2PO4 and the pH, average diameter, zeta potential, and form of the compounds with cryo-SEM were evaluated. We evaluated deodorization using tainted pork meat and microbicidal efficacy using contaminated suspension with normal bacterial flora. The concentration of NO2− and NO3− after mixing BiSCaO dispersion and pure water containing a high proportion of NO2− and NO3− were measured. BiSCaO dispersion formed with Na2HPO4, whose ratio to BiSCaO was 60%, showed a high pH (>12), a small particle diameter (>181 nm) and was stable for seven days. The BiSCaO dispersion showed higher deodorization and microbicidal activities than SSP-Ca(OH)2, which was mainly composed of Ca(OH)2. BiSCaO, but not SSP-Ca(OH)2, could reduce the concentration of NO2− and NO3− by more than 90% within 15 min. We developed a stable BiSCaO dispersion, and it had high deodorization and microbicidal efficacy. These activities of BiSCaO might result from the high pH caused by CaO hydration and a reduction activity causing active radical species.

Comparison of Aluminum Powder Average Particle Diameter Values Determined by Various Methods

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Horstman ◽  
KA Peters ◽  
RL Meltzer ◽  
MB Vieth ◽  
SW Ping
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Powder ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Average Particle Diameter

High Energy Milling of Alumina Synthesized by Combustion Reaction Using a Vertical Shaft Attritor Mill: Influence of the Milling Time Length

2015 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirele Costa da Silva ◽  
N.C.O. Costa ◽  
D.S. Lira ◽  
Joelda Dantas ◽  
A.C.F.M. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milling Time ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Combustion Reaction ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Length Variation ◽  
Average Particle Diameter ◽  
Time Length

Among the vast applications in which the α-alumina can apply, the literature has reported researches which aim to achieve better features of these materials varying the obtainment methodology and some post-obtainment techniques. Thus, this paper aims to evaluate how different milling time lengths of 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes alter the structure and morphology of α-alumina powders synthesized by combustion reaction. The time and temperature of the combustion reaction were evaluated during the synthesis of the alumina. The samples of non-milled and milled alumina were characterized by XRD and particle size analysis. The results showed that the maximum achieved temperature of reaction was 598°C. The milling time length variation did not alter the stable α-Al2O3majority crystal phase present in all samples. The average particle diameter was reduced from 23.3 to 10.5 μm comparing the non-milled and the sample milled for 60s.

Use of Calixarene Host Molecules to Stabilize Quantum-confined Cadmium Sulfide Formation

1992 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin R. Chandler ◽  
Jeffery L. Coffer ◽  
C. David Gutsche ◽  
Iftikhar Alam ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Average Particle Diameter ◽  
Absorption And Emission ◽  
Zinc Blende ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Quantum Confined ◽  
Macrocyclic Molecules

ABSTRACTWe describe here the use of calixarenes, methylene (-CH2-) linked phenolic macrocyclic molecules, to stabilize the formation of quantum-confined (Q-) CdS clusters. Specifically, we focus on the use of an amino-derivatized calixarene, para-[(dimethylamino)- methyl]calix[6]arene, to stabilize Q-CdS clusters which have been characterized by High Resolution TEM (HREM), as well as absorption and emission spectroscopies. Under typical preparative conditions, an average particle diameter of 36 Å is obtained. HREM, in combination with Selected Area Diffraction (SAD), confirms the structure of the clusters as zinc blende CdS. Spectroscopic studies using absorption and emission methods indicate that both particle size and cluster photophysics are sensitive to the ratio of CdS to calixarene.

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