scholarly journals Construction of Antifouling Membrane Surfaces through Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly of Lignosulfonate and Polyethyleneimine

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Gu ◽  
Meng-Yun Xie ◽  
Yu Jin ◽  
Min He ◽  
Xiao-Yan Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Membrane Surfaces ◽  
Cost Strategy ◽  
Low Cost Strategy

Lignin is the second most abundant and low-cost natural polymer, but its high value-added utilization is still lack of effective and economic ways. In this paper, waste lignosulfonate (LS) was introduced to fabricate antifouling membrane surfaces via layer-by-layer self-assembly with polyethyleneimine (PEI). The LS/PEI multilayers were successfully deposited on the polysulfone (PSf) membrane, as demonstrated by ATR-FTIR, XPS, Zeta potential measurements, AFM, and SEM. Meanwhile, the effect of the number of bilayers was investigated in detail on the composition, morphologies, hydrophilicity, and antifouling performance of the membrane surface. As a result, with the bilayer numbers increase to 5, the PSf membrane shows smooth surface with small roughness, and its water contact angle reduces to 44.1°, indicating the improved hydrophilicity. Accordingly, the modified PSf membrane with 5 LS/PEI bilayers repels the adsorption of protein, resulting in good antifouling performance. This work provides a green, facile, and low-cost strategy to construct antifouling membrane surfaces.

Preparation of avermectin microcapsules with anti-photodegradation and slow-release by the assembly of lignin derivatives

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 3190-3195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqing Liu ◽  
Runtian Qie ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Nanlong Hong ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Cost Strategy ◽  
Low Cost Strategy

A facile, environmentally friendly, and low-cost strategy for affording stability and the slow-release of avermectin based on self-assembly of lignin derivatives is described.

A facile and low-cost route to high-aspect-ratio microstructures on silicon via a judicious combination of flow-enabled self-assembly and metal-assisted chemical etching

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (38) ◽  
pp. 8953-8961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyi Li ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Chuchu Zhang ◽  
Chia-Chi Tuan ◽  
Zhiqun Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
High Aspect Ratio ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Chemical Etching ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Strategy ◽  
Metal Assisted Chemical Etching ◽  
Low Cost Strategy

A viable and low-cost strategy for fabricating high-aspect-ratio microstructures on silicon (Si) based on a judicious combination of flow-enabled self-assembly (FESA) and metal-assisted chemical etching (MaCE) is reported.

scholarly journals LOW COST DIKAITKAN DENGAN VALUE CHAIN: STRATEGI MERAIH KEUNGGULAN KOMPETITIF DAN PENGARUHNY A TERHADAP PENCAPAIAN KINERJA RATA-RATA

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Nur Fadjrih Asyik
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cost Strategy ◽  
Low Cost Strategy

Artike l ini bertujuan menjelaskan peran sistem akuntansi manajemen dalam menunjang pe-laksanaan stra1egi agar perusahaan tetap survire dalam persaingan dan mencapai kine1:ja diatas rala-rata. Sistem akuntansi manajemen ya ng didesain sesuai dengan strategi perusahaan akan  memperlancar   dan  menjaga   kesinambungan  pelaksanaan. trategi  {lihat  Kaplan  (1984),  Palmer  (1992). Atkinson  etc.  (1995)1.  Namun demikian, dalam kaitannya dengan pelaksanaan strategi, akuntansi manajemen tradisional hanya menekankan  pada  biaya  produk5i  dan lalai  memperhatikan  biaya  pemasaran, pengemb angan produk dan ino-vasi teknologi. Dengan kata lain, akuntansi rnanajemen tradisiona/ tidak memperhatikan value chain pemasok dan value chain pembeli. Oleh karena itu, manajemen memerlukan "Sistem Ak untansi Manajemen Strategik" untuk meninjau organism;i secara tepat dan mengetahui posisi persaingannya . Porter (1985) menyarankan cara bersaing dengan me-ngembangkan strategi yang berorientasi pada d(ferensiasi (d!fferentiation strategy) atau berorientasi pada biaya rendah (low cost strategy) atau berorientasi pada fokus (focus slrategy). Tanpa mengabaikan basis d!ferensiasi dan jokus, low cost terhadap pesaing menjadi tema  yang  menjiwai keseluruhan strategi. Dan artikel ini menganalisis penerapan strategi low cost dikaitkan dengan value chain dalam rangka mengatasi akuntansi manajemen tradisional dengan berusaha mengidentifikasi dan mengeliminasi aktivitas yang non-value added activities (aktivitas tidak rnenambah nilai). 

Investigation of in-feed organic acids as a low cost strategy to combat Salmonella in grower pigs

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 50-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Lynch ◽  
F.C. Leonard ◽  
K. Walia ◽  
P.G. Lawlor ◽  
G. Duffy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Strategy ◽  
Low Cost Strategy

scholarly journals Performance of the dynamically dimensioned search algorithm: influence of parameter initialization strategy when calibrating a physically based hydrological model

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franck Lespinas ◽  
Ashu Dastoor ◽  
Vincent Fortin
Keyword(s):  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Initial Parameter ◽  
Cost Strategy ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Physically Based Models ◽  
Calibration Solution ◽  
Low Cost Strategy ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Initialization Strategy

Abstract This study presents an evaluation of the performance of the dynamically dimensioned search (DDS) algorithm when calibrating the hydrological component of the Visualizing Ecosystems for Land Management Assessments (VELMA) ecohydrological model. Two calibration strategies were tested for the initial parameter values: (1) a ‘high-cost strategy’, where 100 sets of initial parameter values were randomly chosen within the overall parameter space, and (2) a ‘low-cost strategy’, where a unique set of initial parameter values was derived from the available field data. Both strategies were tested for six different values of the maximum number of model evaluations ranging between 100 and 10,000. Results revealed that DDS is able to converge rapidly to a good parameter calibration solution of the VELMA hydrological component regardless of the parameter initialization strategy used. The accuracy and convergence efficiency of the DDS algorithm were, however, slightly better for the low-cost strategy. This study suggests that initializing the parameter values of complex physically based models using information on the watershed characteristics can increase the efficiency of the automatic calibration procedures.

Induction motor downsizing as a low-cost strategy to save energy

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 117-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando J.T.E. Ferreira ◽  
Aníbal T. de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Strategy ◽  
Low Cost Strategy ◽  
Save Energy

scholarly journals Business Strategy, State-Owned Equity and Cost Stickiness: Evidence from Chinese Firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1850
Author(s):  
Tingyong Zhong ◽  
Fangcheng Sun ◽  
Haiyan Zhou ◽  
Jeoung Yul Lee
Keyword(s):  
Business Strategy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Differentiation Strategy ◽  
Cost Strategy ◽  
Cost Behavior ◽  
Low Cost Strategy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Management Expectations ◽  
Cost Stickiness

This paper investigates the relationship between business strategy and cost stickiness under different ownership. Using the data from listed firms in China from 2002 to 2015, we find that first, firms with different strategies exhibit different cost behavior. The cost stickiness of choosing a differentiation strategy is higher than that of choosing a low-cost strategy. Second, management expectations will affect cost stickiness. Optimistic expectations will increase cost stickiness, while pessimistic expectations will reduce cost stickiness. Third, management expectations can adjust the relationship between business strategy and cost stickiness in terms of government-created advantages (GCAs). If management expectations tend to be optimistic, the cost stickiness is higher with a differentiation strategy than with a low-cost strategy. If management expectations tend to be pessimistic, then cost stickiness is higher with a low-cost strategy than with a differentiation strategy. Finally, the state-owned equity affects the extent of the effect of a differentiation strategy on cost stickiness. State-owned firms, which receive more GCAs than non-state-owned firms, have stronger cost stickiness than non-state-owned firms, even if both categories of firms use more differentiation strategy.

scholarly journals Testing criteria for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: preliminary results of a low cost strategy for public health

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilária Cristina Sgardioli ◽  
Fabíola Paoli Monteiro ◽  
Paulo Fanti ◽  
Társis Paiva Vieira ◽  
Vera Lúcia Gil-da-Silva-Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Deletion Syndrome ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Cost Strategy ◽  
Low Cost Strategy ◽  
Testing Criteria

scholarly journals Synthesis of green fluorescent carbon dots from carbon nano-onions and graphene oxide

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (60) ◽  
pp. 36404-36412
Author(s):  
Alessia Ventrella ◽  
Adalberto Camisasca ◽  
Antonella Fontana ◽  
Silvia Giordani
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Strategy ◽  
Low Cost Strategy ◽  
Green Fluorescent ◽  
Fluorescent Carbon Dots ◽  
Fluorescent Carbon

An easy and low-cost strategy for the synthesis of bright fluorescent CDs from CNOs and GO.

Rapid and low-cost strategy for detecting genome-editing induced deletion: A single-copy case

2018 ◽  
Vol 1019 ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Cheng ◽  
Qin Wang ◽  
Ying Shang ◽  
Yuancong Xu ◽  
Kunlun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Cost Strategy ◽  
Low Cost Strategy
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