scholarly journals Adsorption of Direct Blue 78 Using Chitosan and Cyclodextrins as Adsorbents

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainoa Murcia-Salvador ◽  
José A. Pellicer ◽  
María I. Fortea ◽  
Vicente M. Gómez-López ◽  
María I. Rodríguez-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Direct Blue ◽  
Complementary Action ◽  
Coupled Process ◽  
Kinetic Tests ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The dyeing industry is one of the most polluting in the world. The adsorption of dyes by polymeric matrixes can be used to minimize the discharge of dyes into the environment. In the present study, chitosan-NaOH and β-cyclodextrin-epichlorohydrin polymers were used to remove the dye Direct Blue 78 from a wastewater model. To understand the adsorption behavior of Direct Blue 78 onto the polymers, adsorption rate and maximum adsorption capacity were calculated using kinetic tests and isotherm curves respectively. The kinetic data and mechanism of the adsorption process were analyzed by three models and the equilibrium data by three adsorption isotherms; also the different thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Results showed that the adsorption process follows pseudo-second-order kinetics in both polymers and the Langmuir isotherm best-fitted data for chitosan-NaOH polymer and the Freundlich isotherm for the β-CDs-EPI polymer. The adsorption process is exothermic in both cases and spontaneous for the β-CDs-EPI polymer to a certain temperature and not spontaneous for the chitosan-NaOH polymer and β-CDs-EPI polymer at higher temperatures. The complementary action of an advanced oxidation process eliminated >99% of the dye from water. The coupled process seems to be suitable for reducing the environmental impact of the dyeing industry.

The Adsorption of Cd(II) Ions on Sodium Hydroxide-Treated Bamboo Powder

2011 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Kai Luo ◽  
Xue Gang Luo ◽  
Xiao Yan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Bamboo Powder ◽  
System Characteristics

The adsorption of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution by sodium hydroxide-treated bamboo powder（STB） was studied in a batch adsorption system. Characteristics of STB were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Factors influencing adsorption such as pH of the solution, adsorbent dosage, cadmium concentration and temperature have been studied. The adsorption process was relatively fast and equilibrium was achieved after 120 min, and the maximum adsorption of Cd(II) ions occurred at around pH 6.5. The equilibrium data were fitted using Langmuir, Temkin and Freundlich isotherm models to calculate isotherm constants. And the adsorption isotherm fitted well Langmuir isotherm, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 8.987 mg/g.

scholarly journals Corn stalk as starting material to prepare a novel adsorbent via SET-LRP and its adsorption performance for Pb(II) and Cu(II)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 191811
Author(s):  
Yazhen Wang ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
Liqun Ma ◽  
Shaobo Dong ◽  
Li Liu
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Corn Stalk ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Adsorption Performance ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Corn stalk was used as the initial material to prepare a corn stalk matrix-g-polyacrylonitrile-based adsorbent. At first, the corn stalk was treated with potassium hydroxide and nitric acid to obtain the corn stalk-based cellulose (CS), and then the CS was modified by 2-bromoisobutyrylbromide (2-BiBBr) to prepare a macroinitiator. After that, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was grafted onto the macroinitiator by single-electron transfer living radical polymerization (SET-LRP). A novel adsorbent AO CS-g-PAN was, therefore, obtained by introducing amidoxime groups onto the CS-g-PAN with hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH 2 OH · HCl). FTIR, SEM and XPS were applied to characterize the structure of AO CS-g-PAN. The adsorbent was then employed to remove Pb(II) and Cu(II), and it exhibited a predominant adsorption performance on Pb(II) and Cu(II). The effect of parameters, such as temperature, adsorption time, pH and the initial concentration of metal ions on adsorption capacity, were examined in detail during its application. Results suggest that the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) and Cu(II) was 231.84 mg g –1 and 94.72 mg g −1 , and the corresponding removal efficiency was 72.03% and 63%, respectively. The pseudo-second order model was more suitable to depict the adsorption process. And the adsorption isotherm of Cu(II) accorded with the Langmuir model, while the Pb(II) conformed better to the Freundlich isotherm model.

Preparation of quaternary ammonium–Chlorella vulgaris and its adsorption of Ag(CN)2−

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1437-1445
Author(s):  
Ting Li ◽  
Chencen Guo ◽  
Tonghui Xie ◽  
Chengxianyi Zhou ◽  
Yongkui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Measured Water

A novel anion exchange resin, quaternary ammonium–Chlorella vulgaris (QACV), was prepared by introducing quaternary ammonium groups onto dried Chlorella vulgaris as base material. Degrees of epoxy, amine and quaternary ammonium groups of QACV were measured. Water retention, optical microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry were used to characterize QAVC. The adsorption behavior of QACV towards Ag(CN)2− in different conditions was studied carefully. The results showed that QAVC was efficient to adsorb Ag(CN)2− at pH 9–11, and adsorption equilibrium was almost reached in 30 min. Both kinetics and isotherm parameters in the adsorption process were obtained. The data indicated that the pseudo-second-order model provided a good correlation for adsorption of Ag(CN)2− on QACV and the calculated rate constant of the adsorption was 3.51 g/(mmol min). The equilibrium data fitted well in the Langmuir isotherm and the estimated maximum adsorption capacity qm was 1.96 mmol/g. The dimensionless separation factor RL was between 0 and 1, suggesting that the adsorption process of Ag(CN)2− using QACV was favorable. The QACV could be used successively three times without significantly affecting its adsorption efficiency. Chlorella vulgaris was a potential base material to be modified with quaternary ammonium groups to prepare an adsorbent for adsorption of Ag(CN)2−.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF STINGING NETTLE ADSORPTION PERFORMANCE TOWARDS ANIONIC AND CATIONIC DYES

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1131-1142
Author(s):  
BENGÜ ERTAN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Stinging Nettle ◽  
First Order ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium Data ◽  
Cr Uptake

Stinging nettle was used as lignocellulosic adsorbent for the removal of cationic dye – malachite green (MG), and anionic dye – Congo red (CR), from aqueous solution, without any chemical pretreatment. The adsorption equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir model for the adsorption of both dyes, with the calculated maximum adsorption capacity of 270.27 mgg-1 and 172.14 mgg-1 for MG and CR, respectively. The adsorption process was controlled by the pseudo-second-order model in the adsorption of MG and by the pseudo-first-order model in the adsorption of CR. The thermodynamics modelling displayed that the process was spontaneous and endothermic. The π–π electron–donor interaction, hydrogen bonds and pore diffusion may also be effective, besides electrostatic interaction between the adsorbate and the adsorbent in the mechanism of MG and CR uptake.

scholarly journals Adsorptive Performance of Polypyrrole-Based KOH-Activated Carbon for the Cationic Dye Crystal Violet: Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi ◽  
Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni ◽  
Naaser A. Y. Abduh ◽  
Safiah A. Alramadhan ◽  
Mashael T. Aljboar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Rate Controlling Step

The aim of this work was to investigate the adsorptive performance of the polypyrrole-based KOH-activated carbon (PACK) in the removal of the basic dye crystal violet (CV) using a batch adsorption system. The equilibrium data, obtained at different initial CV concentrations ( C 0 = 50 – 500   mg / L ) and temperatures (25–45°C), were interpreted using the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms, with the Langmuir model providing a better fit ( R 2 ≥ 0.9997 ) and a maximum adsorption capacity of 497.51 mg/g at 45°C. Under the examined conditions, the values of the thermodynamic parameters free energy, enthalpy, and entropy indicate a spontaneous, endothermic, and physisorption adsorption process. The kinetic data of the adsorption process were very well described by a pseudo-second-order model ( R 2 ≥ 0.9996 ). However, surface diffusion seems to be the main rate-controlling step. Thus, we concluded that PACK shows commercial potential for the removal of cationic dyes such as CV from industrial effluent.

Biosorption of Cu2+ from Aqueous Solutions Using NaOH-Modified Fir Sawdust

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 1827-1832
Author(s):  
Hong Mei Deng ◽  
Yong Heng Chen ◽  
Cui Qin Wu ◽  
Xue Xia Huang ◽  
Tao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Agricultural Material

Fir sawdust, a low-cost residual agricultural material, was used as adsorbent for the removal of Cu2+from aqueous solutions. Factors affecting the adsorption behavior of Cu2+, such as pH, initial metal concentration, contact time and temperature, have been carried out. The Cu2+removal was pH-dependent, reaching a maximum at pH 5. The adsorption capacity of the fir sawdust from Langmuir adsorption isotherm was 38.6 mg/g at 25°C. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The equilibrium data fitted very well to the Freundlich isotherm. The negative ΔGovalues at various temperatures confirm that the adsorption processes are spontaneous.

The Removal of Phosphate by Coal Gangue from Wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 2005-2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Juan Zhang ◽  
Hua Yong Zhang ◽  
Lu Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Coal Gangue ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The feasibility of coal gangue as an adsorbent for phosphate removal from wastewater was investigated. The results showed that the equilibrium data were well fit to Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacity calculated was 2.49 mg/g at 25°C. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second order model. And the practical waste water experiment indecated that the phosphate concentration of real sewage decreased from 0.625mg/L to 0.121mg/L. These results suggested that coal gangue can be used as an adsorbent to removal phosphate from wastewater.

Sorption properties of Amberlite XAD 7 functionalized with sodium β-glycerophosphate

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 1143-1154
Author(s):  
Andreea Gabor ◽  
Corneliu Mircea Davidescu ◽  
Adina Negrea ◽  
Mihaela Ciopec ◽  
Cornelia Muntean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Efficient Adsorbent

Abstract This paper presents the sorption properties of a new adsorbent material prepared by impregnating Amberlite XAD 7 polymer with sodium β-glycerophosphate. For impregnation, the pellicular vacuum solvent vaporization method was employed. The functionalization was evidenced by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The usefulness of this material and its performances were studied for the adsorption of the rare earth element La(III) in batch experiments. The influence of various parameters affecting the adsorption of lanthanum like contact time, initial concentration, pH value, and temperature was studied. The kinetic of the adsorption process was best described by the pseudo-second-order model. Sips isotherm was found to be the best fit of the equilibrium data. The maximum adsorption capacity of the functionalized material was of 33.8 mg La(III)/g. The values of thermodynamic parameters (ΔGo, ΔHo, ΔSo) showed that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. The results proved that Amberlite XAD 7 functionalized with sodium β-glycerophosphate is an efficient adsorbent for the removal of La(III) ions from aqueous solutions. Quantum chemistry was performed using Spartan software.

scholarly journals Removal of Lead (II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions onto Activated Carbon Derived from Waste Biomass

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Erdem ◽  
Suat Ucar ◽  
Selhan Karagöz ◽  
Turgay Tay
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The removal of lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions was carried out using an activated carbon prepared from a waste biomass. The effects of various parameters such as pH, contact time, initial concentration of lead (II) ions, and temperature on the adsorption process were investigated. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis after adsorption reveals the accumulation of lead (II) ions onto activated carbon. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to analyze equilibrium data. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of activated carbon was found to be 476.2 mg g−1. The kinetic data were evaluated and the pseudo-second-order equation provided the best correlation. Thermodynamic parameters suggest that the adsorption process is endothermic and spontaneous.

scholarly journals Adsorption behavior of phosphate on anion-functionalized nanoporous polymer

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Wu ◽  
Dasheng Gao ◽  
Ningning Liu
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Adsorption Behavior ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Model ◽  
N2 Adsorption ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

An anion-functionalized nanoporous polymer was successfully prepared by quaternary ammonization and anion-exchange treatment method. The polymer was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms and thermogravimetric analysis. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the adsorption behavior of phosphate on the polymer. The results indicated that the experimental equilibrium data can be well described by the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity determined from the Langmuir model was 4.92 mg g−1. For kinetic study, the adsorption behavior followed the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic.

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