scholarly journals Development of Diallylimidazolium Methoxyacetate/DMSO (DMF/DMA) Solvents for Improving Cellulose Dissolution and Fabricating Porous Material

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Airong Xu ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Yongxin Wang ◽  
Rukuan Liu ◽  
Wentian Niu
Keyword(s):  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Dissolution Mechanism ◽  
Cellulose Solution ◽  
Cellulose Dissolution ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Cellulose Material ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Interactions ◽  
Great Possibility ◽  
Cellulose Solvents

Cellulose is the most abundant natural biopolymer, with unique properties such as biodegradability, biocompability, nontoxicity, and so on. However, its extensive application has actually been hindered, because of its insolubility in water and most solvents. Herein, highly efficient cellulose solvents were developed by coupling diallylimidazolium methoxyacetate ([A2im][CH3OCH2COO]) with polar aprotic solvents dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA). Attractively, these solvents showed extraordinarily powerful dissolution performance for cellulose (e.g., 26.1 g·100g−1) in [A2im][CH3OCH2COO]/DMSO(RDMSO = 1.01 solvent even at 25 °C), which is much more advantageous over previously reported solvents. To our knowledge, such powerful cellulose solvents have not been reported before. The cellulose dissolution mechanism is proposed to be of three combined factors: (1) The hydrogen bond interactions of the H2, H4 and H6 in [A2im]+ and the carboxyl O atom in [CH3OCH2COO]−, along with the hydroxyl H atom and O atom in cellulose, are main driving force for cellulose dissolution; (2) the dissociation of [A2im][CH3OCH2COO] by DMF increases the anion and cation concentrations and thus promotes cellulose dissolution; (3) at the same time, DMF also stabilizes the dissolved cellulose chains. Meanwhile, the porous cellulose material with a varying morphologic structure could be facially fabricated by modulating the cellulose solution concentration. Additionally, the dissolution of cellulose in the solvents is only a physical process, and the regenerated cellulose from the solvents retains sufficient thermostability and a chemical structure similar to the original cellulose. Thus, this work will provide great possibility for developing cellulose-based products at ambient temperatures or under no extra heating/freezing conditions.

The Preparation and Characterization of Spherical Cellulose Aerogels with Core-Shell Structure

2013 ◽  
Vol 873 ◽  
pp. 701-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wu ◽  
Zhi Ming Liu ◽  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Shell Structure ◽  
Acetic Acid Solution ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Cellulose Solution ◽  
Cellulose Aerogel ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Core Shell Structure

The spherical cellulose aerogels with core-shell structure were prepared through hanging drop method in a regenerated non-polar solution. The procedures of these aerogels' preparation include solidification in the acetic acid solution to form a hydrogel, solvent exchange with t-butyl alcohol and freeze drying. The spherical cellulose aerogels were obtained with different cellulose solution concentration, and characterized with BET analysis and electron microscopy. Their density and porosity varied linearly with different cellulose content in the initial solution. And the gel shrinkage upon drying was limited to, on average, 7.3%. The density of spherical cellulose aerogel could be reached down to 0.14 g·cm-3 with high specific surface areas up to 210 m2·g-1. The mesopores' diameter of spherical cellulose aerogel at the highest peak in the size distribution curve is focus on 15nm.

scholarly journals Filter made of cuprammonium regenerated cellulose for virus removal: a mini-review

Cellulose ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoichi Ide
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Protein Solutions ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Solution ◽  
Virus Removal ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Molecular Weights

AbstractIn 1989, Asahi Kasei commercialized a porous hollow fiber membrane filter (Planova™) made of cuprammonium regenerated cellulose, making it possible for the first time in the world to “remove viruses from protein solutions by membrane filtration”. Planova has demonstrated its usefulness in separating proteins and viruses. Filters that remove viruses from protein solutions, i.e., virus removal filters (VFs), have become one of the critical modern technologies to assure viral safety of biological products. It has also become an indispensable technology for the future. The performance characteristics of VFs can be summarized in two points: 1) the virus removal performance increases as the virus diameter increases, and 2) the recovery rate of proteins with molecular weights greater than 10,000 exceeds the practical level. This paper outlines the emergence of VF and its essential roles in the purification process of biological products, requirements for VF, phase separation studies for cuprammonium cellulose solution, comparison between Planova and other regenerated cellulose flat membranes made from other cellulose solutions, and the development of Planova. The superior properties of Planova can be attributed to its highly interconnected three-dimensional network structure. Furthermore, future trends in the VF field, the subject of this review, are discussed.

scholarly journals Study on the Dissolution Mechanism of Cellulose by ChCl-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Jinyan Lang ◽  
Ping Lan ◽  
Hongyan Yang ◽  
Junliang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Dissolution Mechanism ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Type I ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor

Four deep eutectic solvents (DESs), namely, glycerol/chlorocholine (glycerol/ChCl), urea/ChCl, citric acid/ChCl, and oxalic acid/ChCl, were synthesized and their performance in the dissolution of cellulose was studied. The results showed that the melting point of the DESs varied with the proportion of the hydrogen bond donor material. The viscosity of the DESs changed considerably with the change in temperature; as the temperature increased, the viscosity decreased and the electrical conductivity increased. Oxalic acid/ChCl exhibited the best dissolution effects on cellulose. The microscopic morphology of cellulose was observed with a microscope. The solvent system effectively dissolved the cellulose, and the dissolution method of the oxalic acid/ChCl solvent on cellulose was preliminarily analyzed. The ChCl solvent formed new hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose through its oxygen atom in the hydroxyl group and its nitrogen atom in the amino group. That is to say, after the deep eutectic melt formed an internal hydrogen bond, a large number of remaining ions formed a hydrogen bond with the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose, resulting in a great dissolution of the cellulose. Although the cellulose and regenerated cellulose had similar structures, the crystal form of cellulose changed from type I to type II.

scholarly journals Dissolution Behavior of Cellulose in IL + DMSO Solvent: Effect of Alkyl Length in Imidazolium Cation on Cellulose Dissolution

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Airong Xu ◽  
Lili Cao ◽  
Bingjun Wang ◽  
Junying Ma
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Alkyl Chain Length ◽  
Dissolution Behavior ◽  
Cellulose Dissolution ◽  
Imidazolium Cation ◽  
Cellulose Solvents ◽  
Alkyl Length

Four cellulose solvents including [C2mim][CH3COO] + DMSO, [C4mim][CH3COO] + DMSO, [C6mim][CH3COO] + DMSO, and [C8mim][CH3COO] + DMSO were prepared by adding dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [C2mim][CH3COO], 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [C4mim][CH3COO], 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [C6mim][CH3COO], and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [C8mim][CH3COO], respectively. The solubilities of cellulose in these solvents were determined at 25°C. The effect of the alkyl chain length in imidazolium cation on cellulose solubility was investigated. With increasing alkyl chain length in imidazolium cation, the solubility of cellulose increases, but further increase in alkyl chain length results in decreases in cellulose.

Actuation of Carbon Nanofiber Reinforced Electro-Active Paper Actuators

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nargis A. Chowdhury ◽  
Ahmed A.-Jumaily ◽  
Maximiano V. Ramos ◽  
Afsar Uddin ◽  
John Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Solution ◽  
Ionic Liquid Electrolyte

Actuation of two types of electro-active paper actuators composed of functionalized carbon nanofiber, polypyrrole, and regenerated cellulose (FCNF/PPy/RC) and functionalized carbon nanofiber, ionic liquid, and regenerated cellulose (FCNF/IL/RC) is evaluated for different preparation processes. FCNF/PPy/RC nanocomposite films are prepared by dispersing functionalized carbon nanofiber and polypyrrole into cellulose solution in DMAC/LiCl, and then casting the solution onto glass. FCNF/IL/RC nanocomposite films are fabricated simply by adopting a bimorph configuration with a regenerated cellulose-supported internal ionic liquid electrolyte layer sandwiched by electrode layers with a view to getting quick and long-lived operation in air at low applied voltage. The electrode layers include functionalized carbon nanofiber, ionic liquid and regenerated cellulose. The results indicate that the bending displacement decreases with increasing frequency and increases with increasing voltage for both types of actuators. These low voltage driven solid state actuators show maximum stress and strain of 12.73 MPa and 3.0%, respectively, which are comparable with other low-voltage driven solid-state electro-active polymer actuators. The advantages of these types of actuators are their ability to perform well in air and easy process of fabrication.

Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose Carbamate Regeneration Membrane by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

2013 ◽  
Vol 821-822 ◽  
pp. 1031-1034
Author(s):  
Xu Wang ◽  
Hai Yan Wu ◽  
Cui Yu Yin
Keyword(s):  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Coagulation Bath ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Inversion Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cellulose Carbamate ◽  
Phase Inversion Process

The regenerated cellulose carbamate membranes were prepared by the phase inversion process. The structure and properties of the regenerated cellulose carbamate membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Besides, the effects of the casting solution concentration and the coagulation bath concentration on the mechanical property of regenerated cellulose carbamate membrane were discussed.

scholarly journals Luffa Pretreated by Plasma Oxidation and Acidity to Be Used as Cellulose Films

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Zhao-xuan Ding ◽  
Yan-hui Zhang ◽  
Chun-yan Wei ◽  
Zi-chang Xie
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Glow Discharge Plasma ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Film ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Cellulose Material ◽  
Powder Concentration ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose Film ◽  
Cellulose Component

Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer on earth. With the increasing shortage of oil resources, people have been focusing more on producing natural cellulose. In this study, guaiacol was used as the model compound to investigate the degradation of lignin in luffa. A new cellulose material was extracted from natural luffa by a pretreatment based on the oxidation and acidity of glow discharge plasma in water. The produced luffa cellulose was dissolved in anhydrous phosphoric/polyphosphoric acid (aPPAC) solvent to prepare cellulose film. Results showed that the reactive species of OH·, HO2· and H3O+ were produced during the plasma discharge of water. The free radicals ·OH were useful in eliminating lignin by the destruction of aromatic structure, whereas H3O+ in eliminating hemicellulose in the luffa raw material. At the conditions of luffa powder concentration of 9.26 g/L, discharge time of 20 min, and plasma power of 100W, the cellulose component was increased to 81.2%. After 25 min, the luffa cellulose was completely dissolved in the aPPAC solvent at 0–5 °C. Thus, a regenerated cellulose film of cellulose II was prepared. The aPPAC solvent was a good non-derivatizing solvent for the luffa cellulose. The regenerated film exhibited good mechanical properties, wettability and a compact structure. Therefore, plasma pretreatment was an environmentally friendly and high-efficiency method for luffa degumming. The luffa cellulose can be well used in dissolution and regeneration in films.

scholarly journals Probing of an environmentally friendly regenerated cellulose material having bimorphic behavior

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 691-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woo Sub Shim ◽  
Jae Pil Kim ◽  
Jung Jin Lee ◽  
Joonseok Koh ◽  
Ik Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Material

scholarly journals Comparison of Cellulose Dissolution Behavior by Alkaline and Sulfuric Acid Solvents and Their Films’ Physical Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5273
Author(s):  
Jungsoo Han ◽  
Yungbum Seo
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Dissolution Behavior ◽  
Cellulose Solution ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Treatment ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Wood Pulps ◽  
Cellulose Solvents

Three alkaline mixtures (NaOH/thiourea, NaOH/urea/thiourea, NaOH/urea/ZnO) and sulfuric acid were used at low temperatures as cellulose solvents, and their cellulose solubility and films’ physical properties for bleached chemical wood pulps and cotton linter were compared. Their degree of polymerization (DP) was controlled to 600–800 before dissolution. Among the alkaline solvents, NaOH/urea/ZnO gave the film the highest tensile strength and stretch. When compared to sulfuric acid, NaOH/urea/ZnO gave lower strength properties but higher crystallinity indices in the films. While alkaline solvents could not dissolve the high DP cellulose (DP ~ 2000), sulfuric acid could dissolve the high DP cellulose at below zero Celsius temperature, and the strength properties of the films were not much different from that of the low DP one. It appeared that the low-temperature sulfuric acid treatment did away with the cellulose’s DP controlling stage; it decreased cellulose DP very quickly for the high-DP cellulose at the initial stage, and as soon as the cellulose DP reached a DP low enough for dissolution, it began to dissolve the cellulose to result in stable cellulose solution.

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