scholarly journals Fabrication and Application of Black Phosphorene/Graphene Composite Material as a Flame Retardant

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinlin Ren ◽  
Yi Mei ◽  
Peichao Lian ◽  
Delong Xie ◽  
Weibin Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Waterborne Polyurethane ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Mechanical Degradation ◽  
Black Phosphorene ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Thermo Stability

A simple and novel route is developed for fabricating BP-based composite materials to improve the thermo-stability, flame retardant performances, and mechanical performances of polymers. Black phosphorene (BP) has outstanding flame retardant properties, however, it causes the mechanical degradation of waterborne polyurethane (WPU). In order to solve this problem, the graphene is introduced to fabricate the black phosphorene/graphene (BP/G) composite material by high-pressure nano-homogenizer machine (HNHM). The structure, thermo-stability, flame retardant properties, and mechanical performance of composites are analyzed by a series of tests. The structure characterization results show that the BP/G composite material can distribute uniformly into the WPU. The addition of BP/G significantly improves the residues of WPU in both of TG analysis (5.64%) and cone calorimeter (CC) test (12.50%), which indicate that the BP/G can effectively restrict the degradation of WPU under high temperature. The CC test indicates that BP/G/WPU has a lower peak release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR), which decrease by 48.18% and 38.63%, respectively, than that of the pure WPU, respectively. The mechanical analysis presents that the Young’s modulus of the BP/G/WPU has an increase of seven times more than that of the BP/WPU, which indicates that the introduce of graphene can effectively improve the mechanical properties of BP/WPU.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effects of Black Phosphorus/Boron Nitride Nanosheets on Enhancing the Flame-Retardant Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane and Its Flame-Retardant Mechanism

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sihao Yin ◽  
Xinlin Ren ◽  
Peichao Lian ◽  
Yuanzhi Zhu ◽  
Yi Mei
Keyword(s):  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Hexagonal Boron Nitride ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Waterborne Polyurethane ◽  
Black Phosphorus ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Polyurethane Composite ◽  
Black Phosphorene

We applied black phosphorene (BP) and hexagonal boron nitride (BN) nanosheets as flame retardants to waterborne polyurethane to fabricate a novel black phosphorus/boron nitride/waterborne polyurethane composite material. The results demonstrated that the limiting oxygen index of the flame-retarded waterborne polyurethane composite increased from 21.7% for pure waterborne polyurethane to 33.8%. The peak heat release rate and total heat release of the waterborne polyurethane composite were significantly reduced by 50.94% and 23.92%, respectively, at a flame-retardant content of only 0.4 wt%. The superior refractory performances of waterborne polyurethane composite are attributed to the synergistic effect of BP and BN in the gas phase and condensed phase. This study shows that black phosphorus-based nanocomposites have great potential to improve the fire resistance of polymers.

scholarly journals Morphology, Dynamical Mechanical and Flame Retardant Properties of Nylon 1212/Organic Montmorillonite Nanocomposites Prepared by Melt Compounding

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Anrong Huang ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Shanshan Luo ◽  
Heng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Organic Montmorillonite ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

Nylon 1212/organic montmorillonite (OMMT) nanocomposites were prepared using the melt compounding method. The morphology and dynamical mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were investigated using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The storage modulus of nylon 1212/OMMT nanocomposites was increased with increasing OMMT. The flame retardant properties were characterized by cone calorimetry, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The flame retardant properties were characterized using cone calorimetry, whereby nylon 1212/OMMT nanocomposites were improved compared with pure nylon 1212 because of the carbonaceous-silicate granular materials which were formed during combustion, thus proposing the flame retardant mechanism.

scholarly journals Flame-retardant properties of particleboard made from coconut fibre using modified potato starch as a binder

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-143
Author(s):  
Amina Adedoja Owodunni ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Bomb Calorimetry ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Coconut Fibre ◽  
Limited Oxygen

This study seeks to evaluate the flame-retardant characteristics of experimental particleboard manufactured from coconut fibre using modified potato starch as a green binder. The coconut fibre was used as a replacement for the wood as a raw material in particleboard production. The adhesives used in the process were made by modifying potato starch with citric acid and glutardialdehyde. No flame-retardant additive was added during the processing, and this was done to evaluate the flame-retardant potential of the experimental coconut fibre-based particleboards. The limited oxygen index (LOI) test, the bomb calorimetry, the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were used to evaluate the thermal properties and flame retardancy rate of such particleboards. The result of the DMA showed that the coconut fibre-based particleboards had good storage modulus with heat. The bomb calorimeter and LOI results also supported the flame-retardant performance of the panels. Based on the evaluations, it could be prescribed that the coconut fibre particleboard made with citric acid modified potato starch (CAMPS) exhibited the best flame-retardant properties.

scholarly journals Star-Shaped Crosslinker for Multifunctional Shape Memory Polyurethane

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuhuan Song ◽  
Hong Chi ◽  
Zibiao Li ◽  
Tianduo Li ◽  
FuKe Wang
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Good Shape ◽  
Thermosetting Polymers ◽  
High Flexibility ◽  
Shape Memory Polyurethane

Star-shaped cyclophosphazene (ACP) was employed as covalent crosslinker to form a rigid segment in polyurethanes network, to enhance the mechanical performance and to add extra flame retardant property. The effects of different ACP contents on the shape memory ability and fire resistance performance of polyurethane (PU) were studied. Tensile tests suggested high flexibility of the PUs with the maximum elongation-at-break of 161.59%. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) indicated good shape recovery ratio of 72.58% after more than three repeated cycles. Under thermal treatment, the temporary shape could recover to its original state in 10 s. The peak heat release rate (pHRR), total heat released (THR) and temperature at pHRR (Tp) of flame-retardant shape memory polyurethane (FSPU) by micro-combustion calorimeter (MCC) was as low as 183.2 W/g, 21.4 KJ/g, 330.8 °C respectively, suggesting good inherent fire-resistant performance. As amine-containing crosslinkers are one of the most common building units in thermosetting polymers, we anticipate that our finding will have significant benefits beyond shape memory and fire-resistance.

Synthesis and properties of a new halogen-free flame retardant for polyethylene

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiapeng Long ◽  
Sanxi Li ◽  
Bing Liang
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Flame Resistance ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Halogen Free

Purpose This paper aims to study a new halogen-free flame retardant that was prepared and characterised. Design/methodology/approach The phenyl phosphinic arid di-4-[1-(4-pheny phodphonic acid monophenyl ester-yl)-methyl-ethyl] phenyester dimelaminium (PDEPDM) was synthesised using phenylphosphonic dichloride, melamine, bisphenol A, triethylamine and dichloromethane via solvent-based reaction, that was added into the polyethylene to test flame performance. The chemical structures of PDEPDM were characterised by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The thermal stability, mechanical and flame properties, and morphology for the char layer of composite materials were separately investigated using thermogravimetric analysis, tensile and charpy impact tests, limiting oxygen index (LOI) and UL-94 HB flammability standard and scanning electron microscope. Findings The results showed that the PDEPDM had been prepared successfully. When the intumescent fame retardant was added into the PE, the LOI of composite material was improved. Research limitations/implications The PDEPDM can be prepared successfully and can improve the flame resistance of composite material. Practical implications The PDEPDM has excellent flame-retardant properties and produce no toxic fumes when burnt in case of fire. Originality/value Under the optimal conditions, when the 32 per cent (Wt.%) PDEPDM was added into the PE, the LOI was 29.8, tensile strength and impact strength were 10.06 MPa and 16.77 kJ/m2.

Effect of Epoxy-Functionalization on the Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Properties of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Resin

2014 ◽  
Vol 1053 ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Bi ◽  
Xi Na Zhang ◽  
Ying Jiang ◽  
Shu Lin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Limit Oxygen Index ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
Abs Resin ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Thermo Stability ◽  
Halogen Free

Epoxy-functionalized ABS-g-GMA powder was prepared with polybutadiene as core and styrene-co-acrylonitrile-co-glycidyl methacrylate as shell. The ABS-g-GMA powder, styrene-co-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) and triphenyl phosphate (TPP) was melt blended together and halogen-free flame-retardant ABS resin was prepared. The research found that when the content of TPP was 20wt%, the epoxy-functionalized ABS resin (eABS) showed much higher thermo-stability than the ordinary ABS resin. The burning rate of eABS decreased from 35mm/min to 8.6mm/min, mass loss rate decreased from 25%/min to 10%/min and limit oxygen index increased from 22% to 28%. FTIR showed that the chemical reactions took place between eABS and the decomposition products of TPP. The tensile tests and impact test found that the eABS/TPP samples showed higher elastic modulus, tensile strength and impact strength than ABS/TPP samples.

Study on the Preparation and Performance of Epoxy Resin/AlOOH Nano-Composite Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 597-601
Author(s):  
Hai Da Liao ◽  
Wei Ping Zhang ◽  
Xiao Ming Sun ◽  
Jin Fu Qin ◽  
Yong Duo Hang
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Nano Scale ◽  
Solution Blending ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Using laboratory-made nano-scale r–AlOOH as nanophase raw material, the compounding method characterized by direct solution-blending was adopted to prepare epoxy resin/AlOOH nano-composite material; the influences of various factors, such as the dispersion characteristics of nano-scale AlOOH and its content in composite material, on mechanical and flame retardant properties of composite material were studied. The result indicated that the epoxy resin/AlOOH nano-composite material, compared with the ordinary Al(OH)3/epoxy resin composite material, possessed excellent mechanical and flame retardant properties. When the content of AlOOH was 10%, the tensile strength and the breaking elongation rate of composite material was increased by 189% and 468%, respectively. When the mass ratio of AlOOH/epoxy resin was 70/100, the impact strength was increased by 59%; after it decreased to about 60/100, the vertical combustion reached the level of V-0.

The Fire Taking Cotton Flame Retardant Fabric Style Test and Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 1082 ◽  
pp. 371-374
Author(s):  
Liu Yang ◽  
Jian Zhong Yang ◽  
Long Li
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
Insulating Layer ◽  
Permeable Layer ◽  
Test Study ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

This study selected the six cotton flame retardant fabrics, respectively, as a fire taking waterproof moisture permeable layer and comfortable fabric with fabric KES - FB fabric style instrument test study of mechanical performance under low stress, Respectively for three kinds of laminating fabrics and three kinds of non-laminating fabric fabrics were analyzed, and the results indicate: As waterproof and moisture permeable layer in the fire service, the effect of flame retardant canvas fabric style for the three best; By contrast to the non-laminating fabric, cotton antistatic fabric can be seen the best taking performance. If follow-up studies, the outer layer and the insulating layer to select a better flame retardant properties of materials (e.g. PBO fabric as the outer layer, aramid 1313 as the insulating layer), can be considered as an anti-static fabric with a cotton inner layer to improve wearing comfort.

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