scholarly journals Design and Optimization of a Hyper-Branched Polyimide Proton Exchange Membrane with Ultra-High Methanol-Permeation Resistivity for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells Applications

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liying Ma ◽  
Guoxiao Xu ◽  
Shuai Li ◽  
Jiao Ma ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Methanol Permeation

A hyper-branched sulfonated polyimide (s-PI) was synthesized successfully and composited with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to achieve ultra-high methanol-permeation resistive for direct methanol fuel cell application. The optimized s-PI-PVDF composite membrane exhibited methanol resistivity low to 1.80 × 10−8 cm2/s, two orders of magnitude lower than the value of the commercial Nafion 117 membrane (60 × 10−7 cm2/s). At the same time, the tensile strength of the composite membrane is 22 MPa, which is comparable to the value of the Nafion 117 membrane. Therefore, the composite membrane is promising for application in direct methanol fuel cell.

A Model of a High-Temperature Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Scott ◽  
S. Pilditch ◽  
M. Mamlouk
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell

A steady-state, isothermal, one-dimensional model of a direct methanol proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), with a polybenzimidazole (PBI) membrane, was developed. The electrode kinetics were represented by the Butler–Volmer equation, mass transport was described by the multicomponent Stefan–Maxwell equations and Darcy's law, and the ionic and electronic resistances described by Ohm's law. The model incorporated the effects of temperature and pressure on the open circuit potential, the exchange current density, and diffusion coefficients, together with the effect of water transport across the membrane on the conductivity of the PBI membrane. The influence of methanol crossover on the cathode polarization is included in the model. The polarization curves predicted by the model were validated against experimental data for a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) operating in the temperature range of 125–175 °C. There was good agreement between experimental and model data for the effect of temperature and oxygen/air pressure on cell performance. The fuel cell performance was relatively poor, at only 16 mW cm−2 peak power density using low concentrations of methanol in the vapor phase.

scholarly journals Performance of Void-Free Electrospun SPEEK/Cloisite as a Function of Degree of Dispersion State on Nanocomposite Proton Exchange Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Application

Membranes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuha Awang ◽  
Juhana Jaafar ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi Ismail ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman ◽  
Mukhlis A. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Dimensional Change ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Degree Of Dispersion ◽  
Dispersion State ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell

One of the main problems in direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) application is methanol crossover. In order to solve the problem, an exfoliated void-free electrospun Sulfonated Poly(Ether Ether Ketone) (SPEEK)/cloisite nanocomposite membrane was developed. The membrane was prepared by immersing electrospun SPEEK/cloisite fiber mats onto incomplete solidified SPEEK polymer matrix. A well dispersed and reduction size of cloisite particles that ranges from 0.29–0.39 µm was observed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The effect of the morphology of the composite membrane in terms of degree of dispersion state of the Cloisite on the membrane performance was discussed. SP/e-spunCL15 with fully exfoliated structure exhibited the highest performance as compared to other tested membranes and Nafion® 115 with current density of 1042.2 mAcm−2 and power density of 1.18 mWcm−2. Improved morphological, dimensional change properties, and performance assigned to well-dispersed cloisite15A induced by the electrospinning technique make the membranes more efficient for direct methanol fuel cell applications.

Mass Transport Inside a Flowing Electrolyte Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Golriz ◽  
J. Gu ◽  
D. James
Keyword(s):  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Methanol Crossover ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell

In this work, analytical mass transfer models are developed for two different types of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs). One type is a conventional assembly with a proton exchange membrane (PEM) and the other utilizes a flowing electrolyte in addition to a PEM to reduce methanol crossover. These models are used to predict methanol crossover behaviour that is a major issue affecting the efficiencies of PEM-DMFCs. It is shown that using flowing electrolyte DMFCs can lead to a significant decrease in methanol crossover with a corresponding increase in electrical efficiency of the cell. Combined with the experiments carried out in a previous work, the simulation showed significant efficiency improvements when using a flowing electrolyte DMFC compared to a traditional PEM assembly.

Fabrication of a micro-direct methanol fuel cell using microfluidics

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chumphol Yunphuttha ◽  
Win Bunjongpru ◽  
Supanit Porntheeraphat ◽  
Atchana Wongchaisuwat ◽  
Charndet Hruanun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Platinum Catalyst ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell

AbstractA direct-methanol fuel cell containing three parts: microchannels, electrodes, and a proton exchange membrane (PEM), was investigated. Nafion resin (NR) and polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-polystyrene (PS) were used as PEMs. Preparation of PEMs, including compositing with other polymers and their solubility, was performed and their proton conductivity was measured by a four point probe. The results showed that the 5 % Nafion resin has lower conductivity than the 5 % PS solution. The micro-fuel cell contained two acrylic channels, PEM, and two platinum catalyst electrodes on a silicon wafer. The assembled micro-fuel cells used 2 M methanol at the flow rate of 1.5 mL min−1 in the anode channel and 5 × 10−3 M KMnO4 at the flow rate of 1.5 mL min−1 in the cathode channel. The micro-fuel cell with the electrode distance of 300 μm provided the power density of 59.16 μW cm−2 and the current density of 125.60 μA cm−2 at 0.47 V.

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