scholarly journals Micropropagation and Production of Health Promoting Lignans in Linum usitatissimum

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 728
Author(s):  
Irfan Khan ◽  
Mubarak Ali Khan ◽  
Muhammad Amir Shehzad ◽  
Amir Ali ◽  
Sher Mohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Linum usitatissimum commonly known as flax or linseed is an important medicinal plant, produces medicinally potent lignans, used in the treatment of several human diseases. Lignans limited production in the natural plants does not meet the increasing market demand. This study was conducted to establish an easy and rapid method for the in vitro micropropagation and production of potent lignans and antioxidant secondary metabolites in linseed. The results indicated that hypocotyl explants under the effects of thidiazuron (TDZ: 0.5 mg/L) + kinetin (Kn: 0.5 mg/L) in the basal growth media, resulted in the optimal shoot organogenesis parameters (shoot induction frequency: 86.87%, number of shoots: 6.3 ± 0.36 and shoots length: 6.5 ± 0.54 cm), in 4 weeks. Further, TDZ supplementation in the culture media efficiently activated the antioxidant system in the in vitro raised shoots, wherein maximum production of total phenolic content, TPC (34.33 ± 0.20 mg of GAE/g DW); total flavonoid content, TFC (8.99 ± 0.02 mg of QE/g DW); DPPH free radical scavenging activity (92.7 ± 1.32%); phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, PAL (8.99 ± 0.02 U/g FW); and superoxide dismutase expression, SOD (3.62 ± 0.01 nM/min/mg FW) were observed in the shoot cultures raised in presence of TDZ: 0.5 mg/L + Kn: 0.5 mg/L. Nonetheless, considerable levels of pharmacologically active lignans such as secoisolariciresinol (SECO: 23.13–37.10 mg/g DW), secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG: 3.32–3.86 mg/g DW) and anhydrosecoisolariciresinol diglucoside (ANHSECO: 5.15–7.94 mg/g DW) were accumulated in the regenerated shoots. This protocol can be scaled up for the commercial production of linseed to meet the market demands for lignans.

scholarly journals Combining Medicinal Plant In Vitro Culture with Machine Learning Technologies for Maximizing the Production of Phenolic Compounds

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascual García-Pérez ◽  
Eva Lozano-Milo ◽  
Mariana Landín ◽  
Pedro Pablo Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Plant In Vitro Culture

We combined machine learning and plant in vitro culture methodologies as a novel approach for unraveling the phytochemical potential of unexploited medicinal plants. In order to induce phenolic compound biosynthesis, the in vitro culture of three different species of Bryophyllum under nutritional stress was established. To optimize phenolic extraction, four solvents with different MeOH proportions were used, and total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoid content (FC) and radical-scavenging activity (RSA) were determined. All results were subjected to data modeling with the application of artificial neural networks to provide insight into the significant factors that influence such multifactorial processes. Our findings suggest that aerial parts accumulate a higher proportion of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in comparison to roots. TPC was increased under ammonium concentrations below 15 mM, and their extraction was maximum when using solvents with intermediate methanol proportions (55–85%). The same behavior was reported for RSA, and, conversely, FC was independent of culture media composition, and their extraction was enhanced using solvents with high methanol proportions (>85%). These findings confer a wide perspective about the relationship between abiotic stress and secondary metabolism and could serve as the starting point for the optimization of bioactive compound production at a biotechnological scale.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF IMMATURE PALMYRA PALM (BORASSUS FLABELLIFER LINN.) FRUITS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Krisnamoorthy Renuka ◽  
Vellai Roshana Devi ◽  
Sorimuthu Pillai Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant properties of immature Palmyra palm fruits which have been traditionally used for the treatment of diabetes. The qualitative phytochemical screening and quantitative estimation of total phenolic and flavonoids contents in the ethanolic extract were performed to substantiate the antioxidant and medicinal claims.Methods: Immature palmyra palm fruits were collected, authenticated, dried and powdered in an electrical grinder. The powdered fruits were delipidated in petroleum ether and soxhilation using ethanol to extract the active ingredients. Qualitative phytochemical screening, total phenolic and flavonoid contents were carried out by established methods. The in vitro antioxidant potentials were performed by diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid, nitric oxide and superoxide anion scavenging assays.Results: The phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, phytosterols, triterpenoids and phenols in the immature palmyra palm fruits extract. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the fruits extract was found to be 104.00±0.02 μg gallic acid equivalents/100 mg of fruits extract and 98.45±0.03 μg quercetin equivalents/100 mg, respectively. The percentage inhibition of DPPH radicals range from 35 to 70% at a concentration ranges from 200-1000μg/ml. Similarly, the percentage of inhibition of ABTS radicals was found to be in the range of 40 to 75.5%. The nitric oxide scavenging activity of the fruits extract ranges from 45 to 76% whereas the superoxide radical scavenging activity ranges from 43 to 83%.Conclusion: The observed significant free radical scavenging activity along with increased total phenolic as well as flavonoid contents suggest that the immature fruits may be considered as a potential source for the identification of pharmacologically active phytochemicals capable of controlling oxidative stress.

Strong antihemolytic and antioxidant properties of aqueous extract from Algerian Hammada elegans (Bge.) Botsch (Chenopodiaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brahim Asseli ◽  
Reguia Mahfoudi ◽  
Amar Djeridane ◽  
Mohamed Yousfi
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Vitro Assay

Background: Research on medicinal plant antioxidants has emerged as a potential therapeutic to prevent free radical generated damage in the human body. Hammada elegans Botsch (popularly known as “Ajram”) is a xerophytic plant widely found in Laghouat region, but there are only a few reports about the biological or chemical properties of these species. Hence, the aim of this study is to investigate the antioxidant and the antihemolytic activities of hexanic, acetonic, methanolic and aqueous extracts of aerial parts of Algerian Hammada elegans Botsch by employing different in vitro assay systems. Methods: The total phenolic content, the flavonoid content and the condensed tannin amount were analyzed using Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminum chloride and vanillin assays, respectively. The in vitro antioxidant capacity of extracts was assessed by CUPRAC, iron chelating, ABTS•+and antihemolytic assays, and was expressed as EC50 values. Results: Among the analyzed extracts, the aqueous extract had the highest phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents. Also, this extract displayed the highest antioxidant capacities compared to the other extracts and standards. Its EC50 value for ABTS radical-scavenging activity was 0.265 ± 0.003 mg/L. Moreover, this extract showed high iron (II) chelating ability (EC50 = 0.958 ± 0.001 mg/L), and good antioxidant activity in the cupric ion reducing activity (CUPRAC) in a concentration dependent manner (EC50 were 0.709 ± 0.002 mg/L). Additionally, this extract had the best antihemolytic activity against AAPH-induced hemolysis (EC50=0.090 ± 0.004 mg/L). Conclusion: Our study revealed that the aqueous extract of Hammada elegans Botsch, is a potential source of antioxidants which possess a high protective effect of membrane against free radical.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Argania spinosa and Olea europaea Leaf Phenolic Compounds and their Antioxidant Activity

Botanica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-87
Author(s):  
Aziza Lfitat ◽  
Hind Zejli ◽  
Abdelkamel Bousselham ◽  
Yassine El Atki ◽  
Badiaa Lyoussi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Olive Leaves ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Total Flavonoids Content

AbstractWe conducted this study to determine and compare the content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the argan and olive leaves as well as their antioxidant capacity in aqueous, methanolic, and ethyl acetate extracted fractions. In vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated in comparison with synthetic antioxidants by assessing DPPH• radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, scavenging ability by inhibiting the β-carotene/linoleic acid emulsion oxidation, and by the ABTS radical scavenging activity assay. Total phenolic content in argan samples ranged from 221.69 ± 2.07 to 1.32 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g DW and in olive samples from 144.61 ± 0.82 to 1.21 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g DW. Total flavonoids content in argan samples varied from 267.37 ± 1.12 to 25.48 ± 0.02 mg QE/g DW, while in olives from 96.06 ± 0.78 to 10.63 ± 0.05 mg QE/g DW. In vitro antioxidant studies strongly confirmed the antioxidant potency of argan and olive leaves and their richness in secondary metabolites that are effective in free radicals scavenging and metal chelating capacities, indicating their antioxidant power.

scholarly journals Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Potential Exerted by Millet Grain Varieties

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Kwame Ofosu ◽  
Fazle Elahi ◽  
Eric Banan-Mwine Daliri ◽  
Ramachandran Chelliah ◽  
Hun Ju Ham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Advanced Glycation Endproducts ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Profile ◽  
Glycation Endproducts ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Ic50 Values

This study evaluated the potential antioxidant and antidiabetic properties in vitro of four millet grain varieties cultivated in South Korea. The free fractions were tested for their total antioxidant capacity using 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS+) and 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays, followed by α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) formation inhibition assays. The total phenolics, flavonoids, and condensed tannins in the free fractions ranged from 107.8 to 136.4 mg ferulic acid equivalent (FAE)/100 g, 101.3 to 115.8 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/100 g, and 17.65 to 59.54 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/100 g, respectively. Finger Italian millet had the highest total phenolic content (136.4 mg FAE/100 g) and flavonoid content (115.8 mg CE/100 g). Barnyard and finger Italian millet showed the highest DPPH (IC50 = 359.6 µg/mL and 436.25 µg/mL, respectively) and ABTS radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 362.40 µg/mL and 381.65 µg/mL, respectively). Similarly, finger Italian millet also exhibited significantly lower IC50 values for the percentage inhibition of α-glucosidase (18.07 µg/mL) and α-amylase (10.56 µg/mL) as compared with acarbose (IC50 = 59.34 µg/mL and 27.73 µg/mL, respectively) and AGEs formation (33.68 µg/mL) as compared with aminoguanidine (AG) (52.30 µg/mL). All eight phenolic compounds identified in finger Italian millet were flavonoids, with flavanols being the predominant subclass. Taken together, millet flavonoids play important roles in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes, and hence finger Italian millet has the potential to be developed as a functional food.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant Capacity and Antiproliferative Activity of Fruit Extract of Dry Figs (Ficus carica L.) on MDA MB-468 Cell Line

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anurag Maurya ◽  
Eepsita Priyadarshini ◽  
Paulraj Rajamani
Keyword(s):  
Antiproliferative Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Polar Solvents ◽  
Dietary Component

Abstract Fig (Ficus carica L.; Hindi: Anjeer) is one of the the earliest domesticated fruit. Present study investigates its antiproliferative activity against breast cancer (MDA MB-468) cells. Dry figs were mascerated in sixteen solvent-combinations of varying polartiy and extracts were assessed for antiproliferative activity in vitro. Extracts of moderatly polar solvents, particularly 80% aqueous-methanol extract showed maximum activity (IC50 = 17.9 mg IDF/ml). Antiproliferative efficacy of extracts was supported by respective total phenolic content (41-236 mg GAE/100g) and various antioxidant capacities; ABTS (14-354 µM TE/g), DPPH (18-460 µM TE/g), FRAP (28.7-66.5 µM FeSO4 equivalents/g), ORAC (7.9-32.8 µM TE/g), and superoxide radical scavenging activity. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that extracts of lower IC50 induce more cell death. Phenolic compounds (cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-β-glucoside, rutin, trans-cinnamic acid, ellagic acid and ferulic acid) were analysed by UPLC-PDA technique and their concentrations in extracts were found to be negatively correlated with respective IC50 values. The negative correlation suggests the involvement of phenolics in fig’s antiproliferative mechanism. Therefore, the study advocates fig as a dietary component having anticancer potential.

scholarly journals In vitro antioxidant, antiglycation, and MGO scavenging effects of Leonurus sibiricus water extract

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
Xiu Qing Chong ◽  
Kirtani AP Anamalay ◽  
Okechukwu Patrick Nwabueze ◽  
Hor Kuan Chan
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Bioactive Component ◽  
Glycation End Products

Recently, extensive research has been conducted to evaluate the inhibitory activity of different plant species on the advanced glycation end products (AGEs). L. sibiricus is a traditional herb that has been used for postpartum confinement meals in Sarawak, Malaysia and pharmacologically possess anti-hemorrhagic, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer. The aim of this research was to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-AGEs, and preliminary biochemical screening of bioactive component present in L. sibiricus in water extract. Free radical scavenging activity of L. sibiricus was evaluated via DPPH, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation, chelating capacity, and total phenolic content was evaluated comparing with gallic acid. Inhibition of formation AGEs by L. sibiricus was evaluated using BSA-MGO, BSA-glucose and MGO scavenging assays. Flavonoids, phenols, saponins, alkaloids, phytosterol, and diterpenoids were identified in L. sibiricus extract. It also seems to inhibit early and late formation of AGE and MGO scavenging ability. L. sibiricus was able to inhibit the formation of early and late formation of AGE through the scavenging of the formation of reactive dicarbonyl intermediates and reduce the formation of methylquinoxaline adducts through the scavenge of MGO. The inhibition of AGEs formation by L. sibiricus maybe due its antioxidant property and the presence phytochemical bioactive constituents which has been previously reported to possess antioxidant and anti-AGE activity. Future research is ongoing to identify the adducts formed because of MGO scavenging by L. sibiricus using HPLC.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF ORGANIC RED PIGMENT PRODCUTION BY MONASCUS PURPUREUS TISTR3651 USING PATHUMTHANI-1 RICE-BASED MEDIUM IN SUBMERGED AND SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
SURACHAI TECHAOEI ◽  
KHEMJIRA JARMKOM ◽  
THISAKORN DUMRONGPHUTTIDACHA ◽  
WARACHATE KHOBJAI
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Monascus Purpureus ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Red Pigment ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Monascus Pigments ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Objective: This research is to study the production of natural red pigment by Monascus purpureus TISTR3615 in the submerged and solid-statefermentation system using Pathumthani-1 rice as a carbon source.Methods: The antioxidant activity of the red pigment was evaluated in vitro 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ABTS radical scavenging assay,and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, including total phenolic compound.Results and Discussion: The maximum of red pigment production was 0.55±0.02/ml (OD 680 nm) after incubation at 30°C for 24 days. Theantioxidant activity based on inhibition DPPH (%), ABTS radical scavenging activity (%), and FRAP activity (mM Fe2+/g) was 97.80±1.51,68.64±0.46, and 0.32±0.021, respectively. The total phenolic content was 164.78±2.82 μg GAE/mg.Conclusion: It was estimated that Monascus pigments, leading to nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications, cosmetic industry, and foodindustry.

scholarly journals In-vitro Antioxidant Activity and Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis of Different Leaf Extracts of Hemionitis arifolia

2021 ◽  
pp. 281-291
Author(s):  
Rajendran Raja Priya ◽  
N. Bhadusha ◽  
Veramuthu Manivannan ◽  
Thanthoni Gunasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Reducing Power Assay

Objective: To evaluate the preliminary phytochemical content and antioxidant potential of the hydroalcoholic leaf extracts of Hemionitis arifolia. Methods: Total phenolic, flavonoid and alkaloid contents were evaluated using spectrophotometric methods. The free radical scavenging activity of the leaf hydroalcoholic extract were evaluated against DPPH+, ABTS+, Reducing power assay and nitric oxide assay were determined. Results: The hydroalcoholic concentrate of H. arifolia uncovered the most elevated polyphenol content when contrasted and the other phytoconstituents. Absolute phenol content of the hydroalcoholic separate was observed to be 31.78%, flavonoid content is 1.02% and Alkaloid content is 30.40% individually. The Solvent concentrates showed huge cell reinforcement movement, with hydroalcoholic extract. ABTS Assay, DPPH assay, Reducing power assay and Nitric oxide assay where the Inhibition concentration were 667.75µg/ml, 734.25 µg/ml, 791.58 µg/ml and 899.67 µg/ml. Conclusion: This study suggests that hydroalcoholic leaf extracts of H. arifolia could be a potential source of natural antioxidant and justifies its use in ethno-medicine.

scholarly journals Can macroalgae provide promising anti-tumoral compounds? A closer look at Cystoseira tamariscifolia as a source for antioxidant and anti-hepatocarcinoma compounds

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Vizetto-Duarte ◽  
Luísa Custódio ◽  
Gerardo Acosta ◽  
João H G Lago ◽  
Thiago R Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Brdu Incorporation ◽  
Total Phenolic

Marine organisms are a prolific source of drug leads in a variety of therapeutic areas. In the last few years, biomedical, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries have shown growing interest in novel compounds from marine organisms, including macroalgae. Cystoseira is a genus of Phaeophyceae (Fucales) macroalgae known to contain bioactive compounds. Organic extracts (hexane, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts) from three Cystoseira species (C. humilis, C. tamariscifolia and C. usneoides) were evaluated for their total phenolic content, radical scavenging activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals, and antiproliferative activity against a human hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2 cells). C. tamariscifolia had the highest TPC and RSA. The hexane extract of C. tamariscifolia (CTH) had the highest cytotoxic activity (IC50=2.31 µg/mL), and was further tested in four human tumor (cervical adenocarcinoma HeLa; gastric adenocarcinoma AGS; colorectal adenocarcinoma HCT-15; neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y), and two non-tumor (murine bone marrow stroma S17 and human umbilical vein endothelial HUVEC) cell lines in order to determine its selectivity. CTH strongly reduced viability of all tumor cell lines, especially of HepG2 cells. Cytotoxicity was particularly selective for the latter cells with a selectivity index = 12.6 as compared to non-tumor cells. Incubation with CTH led to a 2-fold decrease of HepG2 cell proliferation as shown by the BrdU incorporation assay. CTH-treated HepG2 cells presented also pro-apoptotic features, such as increased Annexin V/PI binding and dose-dependent morphological alterations in DAPI-stained cells. Moreover, it had a noticeable disaggregating effect on 3D multicellular tumor spheroids. Demethoxy cystoketal chromane, a derivative of the meroditerpenoid cystoketal, was identified as the active compound in CTH and was shown to display selective in vitro cytotoxicity towards HepG2 cells.

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