scholarly journals Biocompatibility and Antimicrobial Activity of Reynoutria elliptica Extract for Dental Application

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 670
Author(s):  
Song-Yi Yang ◽  
Min-Kyung Kang
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Disk Diffusion Test ◽  
Denture Stomatitis ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide

This study was conducted to determine whether nature-derived Reynoutria elliptica extracts exhibit biocompatibility and antimicrobial effects against oral pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Fine particles of Reynoutria elliptica extract were used to probe for biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity toward these pathogens, and results were evaluated with an MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay, spectrophotometric growth inhibitory assay, the total number of colony-forming units (CFU), an agar disk diffusion test, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, UV/VIS spectroscopy was used to determine the levels of flavonoid and polyphenol in experimental solutions. Several experimental groups showed cell viability higher than 70%, and the antimicrobial activity toward both S. mutans and C. albicans was significantly higher than was that seen for the control group. In CFU and agar disk diffusion tests with C. albicans, increases in the concentration of Reynoutria elliptica extract led to significantly increased antimicrobial effects. Additionally, SEM results showed that Reynoutria elliptica extract changed the morphology and density of S. mutans and C. albicans. The results of this research can be applied to the use of Reynoutria elliptica extracts for the development of oral products that are biologically friendly and can control oral diseases such as dental caries and candida-associated denture stomatitis.

scholarly journals In vitro antimicrobial screening of Lycoperdon lividium and determination of the ethanol extract composition by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerem Canli ◽  
Ergin Murat Altuner ◽  
Ilgaz Akata ◽  
Yavuz Turkmen ◽  
Ugur Uzek
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Video Clip ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Test ◽  
Wide Range

<p class="Abstract">The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of <em>Lycoperdon lividium</em> against 17 bacterial and 1 fungal strains and analyse the composition of ethanol extracts by GC/MS. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of <em>L. lividium</em> extracts having 15 mg/mL concentration was assessed against a wide range of strains by disk diffusion method. The ethanol extract of <em>L. lividium</em> had antimicrobial activity against several microorganism tested, but it was active especially against <em>S. carnosus</em>. The results obtained herein indicate that <em>L. lividium</em> contains several active metabolites.</p><p class="Abstract">Video clip</p><p><a href="https://youtube.com/v/ymWOQBeNN84">Disk diffusion test</a>: 7 min 11 sec</p>

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Effects against Oral Pathogens and Cytotoxicity of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Extract

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song-Yi Yang ◽  
Yu-Ri Choi ◽  
Myung-Jin Lee ◽  
Min-Kyung Kang
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Uralensis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Oral Pathogens ◽  
Dental Applications

We aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans and its biocompatibility for dental applications. The antimicrobial activity of the G. uralensis extracts at concentrations of 50, 100, 150, and 200 µg/mL was assessed using agar disk diffusion tests, counting the total number of colony-forming units (CFUs), spectrophotometric growth inhibitory assays, and microbial morphology observations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM; Merin, Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). We measured the polyphenol and flavonoid contents of G. uralensis extracts using ultraviolet–visible spectrometry and the cytotoxicity of these extracts using an MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. We identified that G. uralensis extracts had significant antimicrobial effects against S. mutans and C. albicans. The optical density of the experimental groups significantly decreased compared with that of the control group. SEM images revealed that the G. uralensis extract affected the morphology and density of S. mutans and C. albicans. The extract concentration of flavonoids, but not polyphenols, increased with increasing concentrations of the G. uralensis extract. Furthermore, cell viabilities were more than 70% for G. uralensis extracts with concentrations of 50 and 100 μg/mL. Naturally derived G. uralensis is biocompatible and exhibits an excellent antimicrobial effect against oral pathogens such as S. mutans and C. albicans. Thus, G. uralensis extracts can be used for the development of oral products that treat and prevent oral diseases.

Green Synthesis of Thiazole Derivatives using Multi-Component Reaction of Aldehydes, Isothiocyanate and Alkyl Bromides: Investigation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity.

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naghmeh Faal Hamedani ◽  
Leila Azad ◽  
Shahin Shafiee ◽  
Annataj Noushin
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Ferric Ion ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Diffusion Test ◽  
Thiazole Derivatives ◽  
Disk Diffusion Test ◽  
Radical Trapping ◽  
Alkyl Bromides ◽  
Biological Potential

Aims & Objective: In this work, multicomponent reaction of aldehydes, benzoylisothiocyanate and alkyl bromides in the presence of ammonium acetate, sodium cyanide and catalytic amount of KF/Clinoptilolite nanoparticles (KF/CP NPs) in water at 100oC was investigated. Materials and Methods: In these reactions, thiazole derivatives produce in good to excellent yields and short time. Also, antioxidant activity was studied for the some newly synthesized compounds using the DPPH radical trapping and reducing of ferric ion experiments and comparing results with synthetic antioxidants (TBHQ and BHT). Results: As a result, compounds 4b show excellent DPPH radical trapping and reducing strength of ferric ion. These compounds have biological potential because of thiazole core. For this reason, the antimicrobial activity of some synthesized compounds was studied by employing the disk diffusion test on Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. Conclusion: The results of disk diffusion test showed that these compounds prevented the bacterial growth.

scholarly journals Evaluation of flexural strength and antibacterial effect of orthodontic acrylic resins containing Galla chinensis extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Shabnam Ajami ◽  
Raha Habibagahi ◽  
Reza Khashei ◽  
Malihe Soroorian
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Disk Diffusion Test ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate different concentrations of Galla chinensis extract (GCE) added to poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), which is widely used for fabrication of removable orthodontic appliances, regarding the effectiveness of this herbal extract on antimicrobial effect and flexural strength of PMMA. Methods: Acrylic resin samples containing 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.6% GCE were prepared. Flexural strength was investigated via three-point flexural strength test for the 15 acrylic resin blocks of each concentration. Disk diffusion test was used to evaluate antibacterial effects of incorporating the same concentrations of GCE into acrylic resin. All these three groups were compared with the control group, with no added GCE, regarding flexural strength and antibacterial properties. Results: Comparison of flexural strength between the three study groups and the control group showed significant differences between the groups (P=0.018). However, there was no significant difference between the groups containing GCE. There were significant differences in antimicrobial activity between the four groups (P=0.026). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it is suggested that incorporation of GCE into PMMA would be beneficial for antimicrobial activity and flexural strength of PMMA, but further studies on other physical properties and antimicrobial effects on other bacterial strain would be beneficial prior to clinical investigations.

Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of organic extra virgin olive oil from Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samane Hatami ◽  
Ali Mohamadi Sani ◽  
Masoud Yavarmanesh
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Disk Diffusion Test ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of original extra virgin olive oil in Iran on some food borne pathogens. Design/methodology/approach Microbial analysis tests including disk diffusion and detections of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were used. Also the chemical composition analysis of the oil was determined by GC-MS. Results of disk diffusion test confirmed antimicrobial activity for the oil in which S.aureus and E. coli were more resistant than L. innocua. Findings The MIC and MBC of organic extra virgin olive oil on the studied pathogens were in the range of 12.5-25 and 100 per cent v/v, respectively. The GC-MS analysis showed Z-9-Octadecenal (32.75 per cent), Oleic acid (15.78 per cent), Squalene (11.856 per cent), Phenol (8.392 per cent), Palmitic acid (1.884 per cent) as the main compounds (>0.7 per cent) in organic extra virgin olive oil, which have functional role in the biological activities. Originality/value This is the first study on organic extra virgin olive oil from Iran. According to the results, extra virgin olive oil has antimicrobial activity on foodborne pathogens.

Urinary Tract Infections in Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: Etiology, Resistance to Antibacterial Chemicals and Virulence Features

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 566-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Magdalena Mitache ◽  
Carmen Curutiu ◽  
Elena Rusu ◽  
Ramona Bahna ◽  
Mara Ditu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Disk Diffusion Test ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
Diabetes Patients

One of the most frequent chronic complications occurred in diabetes patients are the urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study aimed to investigate the incidence of UTIs in a cohort of 93 (47 males: 46 females) diabetic patients, the prevalence of different microbial species involved and their virulence and antibiotic resistance profiles. The identification of the uropathogenic strains in the positive urine samples was performed using conventional methods and API tests. After identification, the antibiotic susceptibility profiles were established by the standardized disk diffusion method and double disk diffusion test was performed for the confirmation of ESBL and inducible AmpC b �lactamase phenotypes. The isolated strains were tested for the production of different cell associated and soluble virulence factors, i.e.: bacterial adherence to cellular substrata (HeLa cells), hemolysins (hemolysis spot, CAMP-like), amylase, caseinase, aesculin hydrolysis, DNA-ase, lipase and lecithinase. In the analyzed group, the total prevalence of UTIs was of 46%, a higher incidence being observed in the female patients (64%). Similar to other studies, the etiology of UTI in the investigated diabetes patients was dominated by E. coli, followed by Klebsiella sp. strains. The isolated strains preserved good susceptibility rates to quinolones and aminoglycosides and revealed important virulence features, related to their capacity to colonize the cellular substratum and to produce soluble virulence factors involved in persistence, colonization and progression of the infectious process. The high percentage of beta-lactam resistant strains (including carbapenem-resistant ones) requires careful surveillance of the dynamics of susceptibility profiles for limiting the emergence of these strains in community.

scholarly journals Evaluation of oral conditions in patients with neurodegenerative diseases treated in geriatric centers

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Bruna Marjorie Dias FROTA ◽  
Sarah Nascimento HOLANDA ◽  
Fabrício Bitú SOUSA ◽  
Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes ALVES
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Oral Pathology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Denture Stomatitis ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Oral Conditions ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the general clinical conditions and oral alterations, and also evaluate the prosthesis, in subjects diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or Parkinson's disease (PD), attended at two geriatric centers in the city of Fortaleza - Ceará. Methods: 70 patients were analyzed (between 57 to 91 years) with AD and PD, through evaluation of neurological medical records and oral clinical examination. Variables as sex, age, race, comorbidities, oral manifestations and prosthetic conditions were observed. A total of 20 elderly patients without neurological disease consisted the control group (CG). Fisher's exact test and Kruskal-Wallis were used as statistical analysis. Results: In both groups, blood hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity. As for the oral examination in the group with AD, it was observed that 54.2% had periodontal disease, 34.2% caries. Similar results were found in PD patients (31.4%; 22.8% - respectively). However, no difference was observed between the groups, as the systemic and oral manifestations in both geriatric centers (p> 0.05). Was identified more than half of the subjects (57.7%) using dentures, and 86.5% of these had become maladaptive, with some kind of defect. There was statistical difference in the presence of associated oral pathology, denture stomatitis, between dementia and control group (p = 0.0213). Conclusion: Elderly patients with AD and PD have poor oral health, as well as those without neurodegenerative diseases. However, have more defects and disorders associated with the use of removable dentures.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Piper retrofractum Fruit Extracts against Microbial Pathogens Causing Infections in Human and Animals

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Wattana Panphut ◽  
Tanakwan Budsabun ◽  
Pakkakul Sangsuriya
Keyword(s):  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Disk Diffusion Test ◽  
Animal Pathogens ◽  
Piper Retrofractum

Long pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl) is a Thai medicinal herb which has been used as one of the common ingredients in variety of Thai foods. Here, we investigated antimicrobial activities of crude bioactive metabolites extracted from fruits of P. retrofractum against 10 pathogenic organisms (bacteria and yeast) causing opportunistic infections in human or animals including Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC2921, Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Klebsiella pneumonia TISTR1843, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC741, Salmonella typhi (clinical isolate), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (XN98 and 5HP), and Candida albicans ATCC90020. The results of disk diffusion test showed that the extract from methanol solvent exhibited greater antibacterial activity than other solvents with inhibition zones ranging from 0.5 to 8.0 mm, respectively. Subsequently, minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) determined by the colorimetric assay confirmed that methanol extracts showed consistent results with disk diffusion method. In summary, in vitro assays suggest that methanol is the best solvent for extraction of bioactive metabolites from P. retrofractum fruits. This crude extract can inhibit the majority of human and animal pathogens. This opens up a potential use of pepper fruits in prevention of food-contaminating microorganisms.

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