scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Sugar Transporter (ST) Gene Family in Longan (Dimocarpus longan L.)

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Fang ◽  
Yuan Peng ◽  
Ya Rao ◽  
Shenghao Li ◽  
Lihui Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Sugar Transporter ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Sugar Transporters ◽  
Dimocarpus Longan

Carbohydrates are nutrients and important signal molecules in higher plants. Sugar transporters (ST) play important role not only in long-distance transport of sugar, but also in sugar accumulations in sink cells. Longan (Dimocarpus longan L.) is one of the most important commercial tropical/subtropical evergreen fruit species in Southeast Asia. In this study, a total of 52 longan sugar transporter (DlST) genes were identified and they were divided into eight clades according to phylogenetic analysis. Out of these 52 DlST genes, many plant hormones (e.g., MeJA and gibberellin), abiotic (e.g., cold and drought), and biotic stress responsive element exist in their promoter region. Gene structure analysis exhibited that each of the clades have closely associated gene architectural features based on similar number or length of exons. The numbers of DlSTs, which exhibited alternative splicing (AS) events, in flower bud is more than that in other tissues. Expression profile analysis revealed that ten DlST members may regulate longan flowerbud differentiation. In silico expression profiles in nine longan organs indicated that some DlST genes were tissue specificity and further qRT-PCR analysis suggested that the transcript level of seven DlSTs (DlINT3, DlpGlcT1, DlpGlcT2, DlPLT4, DlSTP1, DlVGT1 and DlVGT2) was consistent with sugar accumulation in fruit, indicating that they might be involved in sugar accumulations during longan fruit development. Our findings will contribute to a better understanding of sugar transporters in woody plant.

Phloem long-distance transport of CmNACP mRNA: implications for supracellular regulation in plants

Development ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 126 (20) ◽  
pp. 4405-4419 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ruiz-Medrano ◽  
B. Xoconostle-Cazares ◽  
W.J. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Phloem Transport ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Meristem Development

Direct support for the concept that RNA molecules circulate throughout the plant, via the phloem, is provided through the characterisation of mRNA from phloem sap of mature pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) leaves and stems. One of these mRNAs, CmNACP, is a member of the NAC domain gene family, some of whose members have been shown to be involved in apical meristem development. In situ RT-PCR analysis revealed the presence of CmNACP RNA in the companion cell-sieve element complex of leaf, stem and root phloem. Longitudinal and transverse sections showed continuity of transcript distribution between meristems and sieve elements of the protophloem, suggesting CmNACP mRNA transport over long distances and accumulation in vegetative, root and floral meristems. In situ hybridization studies conducted on CmNACP confirmed the results obtained using in situ RT-PCR. Phloem transport of CmNACP mRNA was proved directly by heterograft studies between pumpkin and cucumber plants, in which CmNACP transcripts were shown to accumulate in cucumber scion phloem and apical tissues. Similar experiments were conducted with 7 additional phloem-related transcripts. Collectively, these studies established the existence of a system for the delivery of specific mRNA transcripts from the body of the plant to the shoot apex. These findings provide insight into the presence of a novel mechanism likely used by higher plants to integrate developmental and physiological processes on a whole-plant basis.

Regulation and function of extracellular invertase from higher plants in relation to assimilate partitioning, stress responses and sugar signalling

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Roitsch ◽  
Rainer Ehneß ◽  
Marc Goetz ◽  
Bettina Hause ◽  
Markus Hofmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Assimilate Transport ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Assimilate Partitioning ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Phloem Unloading ◽  
Intracellular Location ◽  
Carbohydrate Partitioning ◽  
Extracellular Invertase

This paper originates from a presentation at the International Conference on Assimilate Transport and Partitioning, Newcastle, NSW, August 1999 Carbohydrates are synthesised in photosynthetically active source tissues and exported, in most species in the form of sucrose, to photosynthetically less active or inactive sink tissues. Sucrose hydrolysis at the site of utilisation contributes to phloem unloading. This phenomenon links sink metabolism with phloem transport to, and partitioning between, sinks. Invertases catalyse the irreversible hydrolysis of sucrose and thus are expected to contribute to carbohydrate partitioning. Different invertase isoenzymes may be distinguished based on their intracellular location, their isoelectric points and pH optima. Extracellular, cell-wall-bound invertase is uniquely positioned to supply carbohydrates to sink tissues via an apoplasmic pathway, and links the transport sugar sucrose to hexose transporters. A number of studies demonstrate an essential function of this invertase isoenzyme for phloem unloading, carbohydrate partitioning and growth of sink tissues. Extracellular invertases were shown to be specifically expressed under conditions that require a high carbohydrate supply to sink tissues. Further, their expression is upregulated by a number of stimuli that affect source–sink relations. Substrate and reaction products of invertases are not only nutri-ents, but also signal molecules. Like hormones and in combination with hormones and other stimuli, they can regu-late many aspects of plant development from gene expression to long-distance nutrient allocation. Based on studies in Chenopodium rubrum, tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), the regulation of extracellular invertase and its function in assimilate partitioning, defence reactions and sugar signal transduction pathways are discussed.

The regulation of assimilate allocation and transport

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanjo Hellmann ◽  
Laurence Barker ◽  
Dietmar Funck ◽  
Wolf B. Frommer
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Sugar Transport ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Sugar Transporters ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
N Metabolism ◽  
C And N ◽  
And Storage

In higher plants, sugars possess multiplefunctions: transport and storage of carbon and energy as well as signalmolecules. A variety of sugar transporters have been cloned that showdifferential expression between source and sink tissues. Expression of thesetransporters is highly regulated, according to the local metabolic status andthe demands of long distance transport. Very little knowledge is available onmechanisms underlying the regulation of sugar transporter expression inplants. Studies in E. coli, yeast and mammals haveunravelled complex regulatory pathways with crosstalk between sugar transportand metabolism. Recent studies in plants provide increasing evidence for theexistence of similar regulatory mechanisms. In many cases, connections havebeen found between C-and N-metabolism, implicating a tight network of signaltransduction and metabolism. Some aspects of this network are presented inthis review, emphasising sugar transport and sugar signaltransduction.

scholarly journals The Sugar Transporter family in wheat (Triticum aestivum. L): genome-wide identification, classification, and expression profiling during stress in seedlings

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11371
Author(s):  
Hongzhan Liu ◽  
Chaoqiong Li ◽  
Lin Qiao ◽  
Lizong Hu ◽  
Xueqin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Sugar Transporter ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Transporter Family ◽  
Genome Wide

The sugar transporter protein (STP) plays a crucial role in regulating plant growth and stress tolerance. We performed genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the STP gene family to investigate the STPSs’ potential roles in the growth of wheat seedlings under stress. Here, a total of 81 TaSTP genes containing the Sugar_tr conserved motif were identified within the wheat genome. Bioinformatic studies including phylogenetic tree, chromosome position, and tandem repeat were performed to analyze the identified genes. The 81 TaSTP genes can be classified into five main groups according to their structural and phylogenetic features, with several subgroups, which were located separately on chromosomes A, B, and D. Moreover, six gene clusters were formed with more than three genes each. The results of three comparative syntenic maps of wheat associated with three representative species suggested that STP genes have strong relationships in monocots. qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that most TaSTP genes displayed different expression profiles after seedlings were subjected to six days of different stress (10% PEG6000, 150 mM NaCl, and their combination, respectively), suggesting that these genes may be involved in regulating plant growth and stress tolerance. In conclusion, 81 TaSTP genes were identified and their expressions changed under stress, indicating TaSTP’s potential roles in wheat growth monosaccharide distribution is regulated.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of MYB genes in Dimocarpus longan Lour.

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Xueming Dong ◽  
Qiuying Zhang ◽  
Xuefei Yu ◽  
Wenlan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree Analysis ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Tissue Specific Expression ◽  
Dimocarpus Longan ◽  
Group B

The MYB gene family is one of the most widespread plant transcription factor (TF) families, and MYB TFs play key roles in plant development, hormone signal transduction, disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance and secondary metabolism. Recently, many MYBs have been characterized in various plants. However, little is known about the MYBs involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis in Dimocarpus longan Lour. (D. longan). Based on transcriptome data profiling (Accession number: SRP155595), 35 MYBs from D. longan (DlMYBs) were identified. On the basis of their physicochemical properties, phylogenetic relationships, conserved motifs, and tissue-specific expression profiles these Dimocarpus longan MYBs (DlMYBs) were analyzed. Fifteen motifs in DlMYBs using MEME were found and a phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the DlMYBs identified here were divided into three groups. Group A contained the greatest number (25) of DlMYBs, followed by group B (6) and group C (4). Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis demonstrated that, of the 35 MYBs studied DlMYB-12 and DlMYB-22 showed large differences in tissue-specific expression, with both MYBs showing very high expression in leaf tissue. These results lay the foundation for further studies of the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in D. longan and further highlight the importance of MYB TFs in plants.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Analysis of Relations between Pressure Changes along Xylem Vessels and Propagation of Variation Potential in Higher Plants

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 372
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Sukhova ◽  
Elena Akinchits ◽  
Sergey V. Gudkov ◽  
Roman Y. Pishchalnikov ◽  
Vladimir Vodeneev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Initial Point ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Terminal Point ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Variation Potential ◽  
Damaged Zone ◽  
Pressure Dynamics ◽  
The Impact

Variation potential (VP) is an important long-distance electrical signal in higher plants that is induced by local damages, influences numerous physiological processes, and participates in plant adaptation to stressors. The transmission of increased hydraulic pressure through xylem vessels is the probable mechanism of VP propagation in plants; however, the rates of the pressure transmission and VP propagation can strongly vary. We analyzed this problem on the basis of a simple mathematical model of the pressure distribution along a xylem vessel, which was approximated by a tube with a pressure gradient. It is assumed that the VP is initiated if the integral over pressure is more than a threshold one, taking into account that the pressure is transiently increased in the initial point of the tube and is kept constant in the terminal point. It was shown that this simple model can well describe the parameters of VP propagation in higher plants, including the increase in time before VP initiation and the decrease in the rate of VP propagation with an increase in the distance from the zone of damage. Considering three types of the pressure dynamics, our model predicts that the velocity of VP propagation can be stimulated by an increase in the length of a plant shoot and also depends on pressure dynamics in the damaged zone. Our results theoretically support the hypothesis about the impact of pressure variations in xylem vessels on VP propagation.

scholarly journals Single-Molecule Long-Read Sequencing of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) and Differential Gene Expression Related with Biosynthesis of Unsaturated Fatty Acids

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 655
Author(s):  
Hongmei Du ◽  
Shah Zaman ◽  
Shuiqingqing Hu ◽  
Shengquan Che
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
Leaves And Roots

This study aimed to obtain the full-length transcriptome of purslane (Portulaca oleracea); assorted plant samples were used for single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing. Based on SMRT, functional annotation of transcripts, transcript factors (TFs) analysis, simple sequence repeat analysis and long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) prediction were accomplished. Total 15.33-GB reads were produced; with 9,350,222 subreads and the average length of subreads, 1640 bp was counted. With 99.99% accuracy, after clustering, 132,536 transcripts and 78,559 genes were detected. All unique SMART transcripts were annotated in seven functional databases. 4180 TFs (including transcript regulators) and 7289 LncRNAs were predicted. The results of RNA-seq were confirmed with qRT–PCR analysis. Illumina sequencing of leaves and roots of two purslane genotypes was carried out. Amounts of differential expression genes and related KEGG pathways were found. The expression profiles of related genes in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids pathway in leaves and roots of two genotypes of purslane were analyzed. Differential expression of genes in this pathway built the foundation of ω-3 fatty acid accumulation in different organs and genotypes of purslane. The aforementioned results provide sequence information and may be a valuable resource for whole-genome sequencing of purslane in the future.

scholarly journals Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of B3 superfamily during ethylene-induced flowering in pineapple (Ananas comosus L.)

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Cheng Ruan ◽  
Zhe Chen ◽  
Fu Chu Hu ◽  
Wei Fan ◽  
Xiang He Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Chromosomal Localization ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Localization Analysis ◽  
Ethephon Treatment ◽  
Differentiation Period

Abstract Background The B3 superfamily (B3s) represents a class of large plant-specific transcription factors, which play diverse roles in plant growth and development process including flowering induction. However, identification and functional surveys of B3 superfamily have not been reported in ethylene-induced pineapple flowering (Ananas comosus). Results 57 B3 genes containing B3 domain were identified and phylogenetically classified into five subfamilies. Chromosomal localization analysis revealed that 54 of 57 AcB3s were located on 21 Linkage Groups (LG). Collinearity analysis demonstrated that the segmental duplication was the main event in the evolution of B3 gene superfamily, and most of them were under purifying selection. The analysis of cis-element composition suggested that most of these genes may have function in response to abscisic acid, ethylene, MeJA, light, and abiotic stress. qRT-PCR analysis of 40 AcB3s containing ethylene responsive elements exhibited that the expression levels of 35 genes were up-regulated within 1 d after ethephon treatment and some were highly expressed in flower bud differentiation period in stem apex, such as Aco012003, Aco019552 and Aco014401. Conclusion This study provides a basic information of AcB3s and clues for involvement of some AcB3s in ethylene-induced flowering in pineapple.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Analysis of the NAC Transcription Factor Gene Family Reveals Differential Expression Patterns and Cold-Stress Responses in the Woody Plant Prunus mume

Genes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaokang Zhuo ◽  
Tangchun Zheng ◽  
Zhiyong Zhang ◽  
Yichi Zhang ◽  
Liangbao Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Freezing Stress ◽  
Prunus Mume ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Freezing Resistance

NAC transcription factors (TFs) participate in multiple biological processes, including biotic and abiotic stress responses, signal transduction and development. Cold stress can adversely impact plant growth and development, thereby limiting agricultural productivity. Prunus mume, an excellent horticultural crop, is widely cultivated in Asian countries. Its flower can tolerate freezing-stress in the early spring. To investigate the putative NAC genes responsible for cold-stress, we identified and analyzed 113 high-confidence PmNAC genes and characterized them by bioinformatics tools and expression profiles. These PmNACs were clustered into 14 sub-families and distributed on eight chromosomes and scaffolds, with the highest number located on chromosome 3. Duplicated events resulted in a large gene family; 15 and 8 pairs of PmNACs were the result of tandem and segmental duplicates, respectively. Moreover, three membrane-bound proteins (PmNAC59/66/73) and three miRNA-targeted genes (PmNAC40/41/83) were identified. Most PmNAC genes presented tissue-specific and time-specific expression patterns. Sixteen PmNACs (PmNAC11/19/20/23/41/48/58/74/75/76/78/79/85/86/103/111) exhibited down-regulation during flower bud opening and are, therefore, putative candidates for dormancy and cold-tolerance. Seventeen genes (PmNAC11/12/17/21/29/42/30/48/59/66/73/75/85/86/93/99/111) were highly expressed in stem during winter and are putative candidates for freezing resistance. The cold-stress response pattern of 15 putative PmNACs was observed under 4 °C at different treatment times. The expression of 10 genes (PmNAC11/20/23/40/42/48/57/60/66/86) was upregulated, while 5 genes (PmNAC59/61/82/85/107) were significantly inhibited. The putative candidates, thus identified, have the potential for breeding the cold-tolerant horticultural plants. This study increases our understanding of functions of the NAC gene family in cold tolerance, thereby potentially intensifying the molecular breeding programs of woody plants.

scholarly journals Aberrant Long Noncoding RNAs Expression Profiles Affect Cisplatin Resistance in Lung Adenocarcinoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Hu ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Junjun Wang ◽  
Jingye Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
A549 Cell ◽  
Cisplatin Resistance ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Sensitive Cell ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to be involved in the mechanism of cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma (LAD). However, the roles of lncRNAs in cisplatin resistance in LAD are not well understood. Methods. We used a high-throughput microarray to compare the lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in cisplatin resistance cell A549/DDP and cisplatin sensitive cell A549. Several candidate cisplatin resistance-associated lncRNAs were verified by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Results. We found that 1,543 lncRNAs and 1,713 mRNAs were differentially expressed in A549/DDP cell and A549 cell, hinting that many lncRNAs were irregular from cisplatin resistance in LAD. We also obtain the fact that 12 lncRNAs were aberrantly expressed in A549/DDP cell compared with A549 cell by quantitative PCR. Among these, UCA1 was the aberrantly expressed lncRNA and can significantly reduce the IC50 of cisplatin in A549/DDP cell after knockdown, while it can increase the IC50 of cisplatin after UCA1 was overexpressed in NCI-H1299. Conclusions. We obtained patterns of irregular lncRNAs and they may play a key role in cisplatin resistance of LAD.

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