scholarly journals Tomato Phenotypic Diversity Determined by Combined Approaches of Conventional and High-Throughput Tomato Analyzer Phenotyping

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amol N. Nankar ◽  
Ivanka Tringovska ◽  
Stanislava Grozeva ◽  
Daniela Ganeva ◽  
Dimitrina Kostova
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Correlation Networks ◽  
Vegetative Traits ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shape And Size ◽  
Tomato Analyzer

Morphological variation in vegetative and fruit traits is a key determinant in unraveling phenotypic diversity. This study was designed to assess phenotypic diversity in tomatoes and examine intra- and intervarietal groups’ variability using 28 conventional descriptors (CDs) and 47 Tomato Analyzer (TA) descriptors related to plant and fruit morphometry. Comprehensive phenotyping of 150 accessions representing 21 countries discerned noticeable variability for CD vegetative traits and TA quantified fruit features, such as shape, size, and color. Hierarchical cluster analysis divided the accessions into 10 distinct classes based on fruit shape and size. Multivariate analysis was used to assess divergence in variable traits among populations. Eight principal components with an eigenvalue >1 were identified by factor analysis, which contributed 87.5% variation to the total cumulative variance with the first two components contributing 32.0% and 18.1% variance, respectively. The relationship between vegetative and fruit descriptors was explained by respective CD and TA correlation networks. There was a strong positive correlation between fruit shape and size whereas negative correlations were between fruit shape index, internal eccentricity, and proximal end shape. The combined approach of CD and TA phenotyping allowed us to unravel the phenotypic diversity of vegetative and reproductive trait variation evaluated at pre- and post-harvest stages.

scholarly journals Dynamic Changes of Fruit Shape Traits and Its Correlation to the Morphology of Other Organs in Cucumber

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1111
Author(s):  
Mingming Cui ◽  
Yue Yang ◽  
Zhihui Cheng ◽  
Huanwen Meng
Keyword(s):  
Female Flower ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
True Leaf ◽  
Cucumber Fruit ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Shape And Size

Fruit shape and size are important assessment parameters to evaluate and classify accessions in cucumber breeding. Clarifying the relations of the shape and size of commodity fruits or mature fruits to that of other organs, like seed, leaf, flower and so on, is significant for multitype breeding of cucumber fruit. It can help breeders to predict the shape and size of a cucumber fruit in the early selection and shorten the breeding cycle. In this study, the dynamic morphological observation of fruit length (FL), fruit diameter (FD) and the fruit shape index (FSI) of developing cucumber fruits in different types and the correlation of fruit shape indexes between fruit and other organs were investigated. The results showed that 28 cucumber accessions with different shape and size were classified into four types, namely long fruits, medium long fruits, medium fruits and short fruits. The comparative analysis of FL and FD among different types and different development stages of cucumber fruits showed that the development of FL and FD were both consistent with the model “S” curve, slow–fast–slow, and there existed strong positive correlation between their growth. During fruit development, the shape index was highly positively correlated among ovary, commodity fruit and mature fruit. Besides, both the length and width of cotyledon, true leaf and female flower petal were positively correlated to the FL of commodity fruit. The length and width of seed, length of ovary carpopodium and pedicel length were also positively correlated to the FD of commodity fruit. For seed, cotyledon and true leaf, no correlation was found between their shape index and their FSI.

scholarly journals The fruit metric trait characterization of scarlet eggplant using the high-throughput tomato analyzer software

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
Olawale Adeniji ◽  
Modinat Adekoya ◽  
Peter Jonah ◽  
Innocent Iseghohi ◽  
Charity Aremu
Keyword(s):  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Trait Variation ◽  
Yield Improvement ◽  
Fruit Size And Shape ◽  
Metric Traits ◽  
Shape And Size ◽  
Tomato Analyzer

Scarlet eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum [L.]) is an indigenous, underutilized fruit vegetable in Africa. Preference for fruit shape and size is high among growers and consumers. Fruit metric traits are important for yield improvement. Fruit metric descriptors are important contributors to variation, phenotypic and genotypic variation, and heritability. However, the measurement of these traits is cumbersome and subjective. Forty-three accessions were evaluated in 2016 and 2017. At maturity, 5 fruits were randomly harvested from each accession, digitalized and processed using the Tomato Analyzer software. Sixteen fruit metric traits were automatically generated and submitted for analysis of variance and multivariate analysis. The accessions differed over fruit size and shape due to genetic make-up. Fruit metric trait variation among S. aethiopicum groups was less influenced by the environment. The cv. Gilo group has oblong fruits, the cv. Shum group fruits are circular and ovoid; the cv. Kumba group fruits are less circular, lobed and flattened. AE/113 (C3), FUO 1 (C1) and FUO 5 (C2) Gilo groups are promising for fruit size. There were phenotypic plasticity and overlapping for fruit metric traits between the Gilo and Shum groups due to a common genome. The Tomato Analyzer software was able to discriminate accessions based on fruit phenomic traits, and the information could be used to establish commonalities between groups.

scholarly journals Development of technological solutions for canning small-fruited tomatoes

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012095
Author(s):  
A A Potapova ◽  
S A Rodikov
Keyword(s):  
Shape Index ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Similar Type ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Index Ratio ◽  
Shape And Size

Abstract Small-fruited varieties of tomatoes have high taste and are significantly superior to large-fruited ones. The variety for the production of canned whole-fruit tomatoes primarily influences the shape and size of the fruit, shape index, ratio of the fruit parts, peel, pulp and seeds, peel condition, as well as the content of solids, carotenoids and their composition, which significantly affects the quality and color of the finished product. In this regard, the consumer and technological properties of 7 varieties of small-fruited tomatoes were studied. Based on the results obtained, a well-grounded conclusion was made that new varieties of small-fruited tomatoes are not inferior in terms of the studied indicators to large-fruited ones and can be recommended for expanding the range of a similar type of domestic canned production.

scholarly journals Correlation Analysis of High-Throughput Fruit Phenomics and Biochemical Profiles in Native Peppers (Capsicum spp.) from the Primary Center of Diversification

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Jorge González-López ◽  
Simón Rodríguez-Moar ◽  
Cristina Silvar
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Capsicum Spp ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Biochemical Profiles ◽  
Genus Capsicum ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tomato Analyzer

The main goal of this work was to investigate the relationship between the fruit morphology and biochemical composition of peppers (Capsicum spp.). For that purpose, one hundred native varieties from the Andean region, where the genus Capsicum has its origin, were analysed for different phytochemical compounds. In addition, pepper fruits were assessed with the highly precise phenomics tool Tomato Analyzer. The collection showed a broad variability which was more evident within the C. annuum group. On average, C. frutescens accessions displayed the highest levels of solid soluble content, pH, polyphenols and antioxidant activity. The Tomato Analyzer descriptors under the categories of size, shape index, and latitudinal section, mostly contributed to the variance among Capsicum groups. C. annuum hold the larger fruits, whereas C. frutescens comprised fruits of smaller sizes. The correlation analysis revealed that biochemical traits were negatively correlated with the fruit parameters related to size, suggesting that huger fruits contain lower amounts of chemical metabolites. The multivariate approximations demonstrated that Andean peppers assorted according to morphometric and colorimetric characteristics, but independently of their species or geographical origin. Groups of valuable native varieties carrying promising traits were identified.

scholarly journals Avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de soja por meio de imagens

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Wendt ◽  
Francisco Guilhien Gomes Junior ◽  
Maria de Fátima Zorato ◽  
Gláucia Cristina Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Imaging System ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Tomato Analyzer

A utilização de sementes com alto potencial fisiológico é de grande importância para agricultores, pois está, diretamente, relacionada à alta produtividade. Este estudo objetivou avaliar o desempenho de sementes de soja (cultivar CD 2737 RR) produzidas a partir de lotes com alta e baixa germinação, bem como a eficiência da análise computadorizada, pelos programas Seed Vigor Imaging System (SVIS®) e Tomato Analyzer, para identificar alterações no formato das sementes colhidas e associá-las com a germinação. As variáveis analisadas foram: altura de planta, número de vagens por planta, número de sementes por planta, grau de umidade, massa de mil sementes e produtividade. Na avaliação do vigor, utilizando-se o programa SVIS®, foram determinados o comprimento das plântulas e os índices de crescimento, uniformidade e vigor. A avaliação da morfologia das sementes pelo programa Tomato Analyzer foi realizada a partir de imagens radiográficas das sementes. Concluiu-se que a maior produtividade e o maior potencial fisiológico de sementes foram obtidos de lotes com alta germinação, em comparação com lotes de baixa germinação, em condições de casa-de-vegetação. O SVIS® mostrou-se eficiente para identificar diferenças de vigor entre os lotes e o Tomato Analyzer, por meio dos parâmetros Fruit Shape Index External 2 e Circular, para identificar, com rapidez e precisão, sementes com formato irregular, associado à baixa germinação.

scholarly journals Rheological evaluation of industrial tomato in raw and processed condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Tóth ◽  
A. Tóthné Bogárdi ◽  
T. Rubóczki ◽  
M. Takácsné Hájos
Keyword(s):  
Shape Index ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Tomato Puree ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Given

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is the second most important vegetable with one of the biggest producing areas worldwide, and an increasing tendency in Hungary as well. To fulfil the growing demands of the industry the producers must use the most suitable genotypes for the given conditions. In the experiment six genotypes (‘Heinz 1015 F1‘,‘Heinz 9478 F1‘,‘Kecskeméti 407‘,‘NUN254 F1‘,‘Prestomech F1‘ and ‘Rustico F1‘) were evaluated for different quality parameters: fruit shape index (length/diameter), firmness (g cm-2), force needed to tear the skin (kg-1) and consistency of tomato puree (g*sec). According to the results, the ‘Heinz 1015 F1‘ and ‘Heinz 9478 F1‘ were the most suitable genotypes for industrial processing in the mean of fruit quality. Strong positive correlation between consistency of juice and fruit shape index (r=0.891) and firmness of berry (r=0.882) was confirmed. The results have proved the necessity of these quality parameter measurements, which are important for the evaluation of raw material.

scholarly journals Tomato Fruit Shape Analysis Using Morphometric and Morphology Attributes Implemented in Tomato Analyzer Software Program

2009 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Jose Gonzalo ◽  
Marin Talbot Brewer ◽  
Claire Anderson ◽  
David Sullivan ◽  
Simon Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shape Analysis ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Morphology ◽  
Principle Components Analysis ◽  
Software Program ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Tomato Analyzer

Reliable analysis of plant traits depends on the accuracy of scoring the phenotype. We report here on the efficacy of two methods in the detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling fruit morphology in three segregating tomato (Solanum spp.) F2 populations using the software program, Tomato Analyzer. The first method uses fruit morphology attributes such as fruit shape index, blockiness, pear shape, indentation area, and angles of the fruit along the boundary. The second method uses morphometric points to quantify shape. The morphometric data were subjected to principle components analysis (PCA). QTL that control the fruit morphology attributes and the morphometric PCA were identified that revealed that the methods were comparable in that they resulted in nearly identical loci. Novel attributes were added to Tomato Analyzer that improved versatility of the program in measuring additional morphological features of fruit. We demonstrated that these novel attributes permitted identification of QTL controlling the traits.

Fuzzy model for grape sugar content and fruit shape index with irrigation quota as parameter

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-351
Author(s):  
Tao LI ◽  
Jian-Feng ZHANG ◽  
Jiang-Hui ZHANG ◽  
Quan-Jiu WANG ◽  
Sheng-Jiang ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fuzzy Model ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Fruit Shape

scholarly journals Effect of genotype, age of hens and K/k allele on eggshell quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 242-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Ledvinka ◽  
L. Zita ◽  
M. Hubený ◽  
E. Tůmová ◽  
M. Tyller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Feed Mixture ◽  
Eggshell Quality ◽  
Feather Growth ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Relationship

We assessed the influence of the particular genotype, age of layers, feather growth-rate gene, and their mutual interactions on selected indicators of eggshell quality in six groups of hens of the laying type Dominant. The following genotypes were examined in the experiment: Barred Plymouth Rock, Dominant BPR 951 (K) strain, slow-feathering; Barred Plymouth Rock, Dominant BPR 901 (k) strain, fast-feathering; Blue Plymouth Rock, Dominant BLPR 954 (K) strain, slow-feathering; Blue Plymouth Rock, Dominant BLPR 894 (k) strain, fast-feathering; crossbreds of the above strains in the F<sub>1</sub> generation Dominant D 107 blue (K), slow-feathering and Dominant D 107 blue (k), fast-feathering. The layers were fed a feed mixture NP1 (16.64 % CP) from the 20<sup>th</sup> week of age and a feed mixture NP2 (15.02% CP) from the 42<sup>nd</sup> week. Husbandry conditions met the regular requirements of laying hens. Egg production and live weight of hens were monitored for the duration of the experiment (12 months). Eggshell quality was examined at the layers' age of 27, 35 and 56 weeks. The average hen-day egg production for the duration of the experiment (12 months) was not significantly influenced by the particular genotype or the feather growth-rate gene. The varying representation of the feather growth-rate gene significantly (P &le; 0.001) influenced the live weight; similarly, the relationship between the genotype and the representation of K/k alleles was significant. The average egg weight was influenced statistically significantly (P &le; 0.001) by the age of hens, their genotype (P &le; 0.05), feather growth-rate gene (P &le; 0.001), and the relationship between the age and genotype (P &le; 0.001). The age of hens, genotype, and the interaction of these two factors affected the egg shape index, as did the incidence of the feather growth-rate gene within the population (with a statistical significance of P &le; 0.001). The age, genotype and the feather growth-rate gene incidence within the population also significantly affected the eggshell quality indicators. In the eggshell to egg ratio, eggshell thickness and strength, an interaction was determined between the age of hens and their particular genotype. The eggshell colour was also significantly (P &le; 0.001) affected by hens' age, genotype (P &le; 0.001), as well as by the feather growth-rate gene (P &le; 0.001). No significant interaction between the age and the genotype was found for this indicator.

scholarly journals Spatial Variation of the Relationship between PM2.5Concentrations and Meteorological Parameters in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Lin ◽  
Jingying Fu ◽  
Dong Jiang ◽  
Jianhua Wang ◽  
Qiao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Humid Region ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Warm Temperate

Epidemiological studies around the world have reported that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is closely associated with human health. The distribution of PM2.5concentrations is influenced by multiple geographic and socioeconomic factors. Using a remote-sensing-derived PM2.5dataset, this paper explores the relationship between PM2.5concentrations and meteorological parameters and their spatial variance in China for the period 2001–2010. The spatial variations of the relationships between the annual average PM2.5, the annual average precipitation (AAP), and the annual average temperature (AAT) were evaluated using the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model. The results indicated that PM2.5had a strong and stable correlation with meteorological parameters. In particular, PM2.5had a negative correlation with precipitation and a positive correlation with temperature. In addition, the relationship between the variables changed over space, and the strong negative correlation between PM2.5and the AAP mainly appeared in the warm temperate semihumid region and northern subtropical humid region in 2001 and 2010, with some localized differences. The strong positive correlation between the PM2.5and the AAT mainly occurred in the mid-temperate semiarid region, the humid, semihumid, and semiarid warm temperate regions, and the northern subtropical humid region in 2001 and 2010.

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