scholarly journals Influence of Regulated Deficit Irrigation and Environmental Conditions on Reproductive Response of Sweet Cherry Trees

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Blanco ◽  
Pedro José Blaya-Ros ◽  
Roque Torres-Sánchez ◽  
Rafael Domingo
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Reproductive Response ◽  
Floral Differentiation ◽  
Cherry Trees

The reproductive response of fifteen year old sweet cherry trees (Prunus avium L.) combination ‘Prime Giant’/SL64 under Mediterranean climate to deficit irrigation was studied in a commercial orchard in south-eastern Spain for four seasons. Three irrigation treatments were assayed: (i) control treatment, irrigated without restrictions at 110% of seasonal crop evapotranspiration; (ii) sustained deficit irrigation treatment, irrigated at 85% ETc during pre-harvest and post-harvest periods, and at 100% ETc during floral differentiation, and (iii) regulated deficit irrigation treatment, irrigated at 100% ETc during pre-harvest and floral differentiation and at 55% ETc during post-harvest. The duration and intensity of the phenological phases of sweet cherry trees, including cold accumulation, flowering, fruit set or fruit and vegetative growth, were assessed to ascertain whether the different irrigation strategies imposed affect the trees’ reproductive response (fruit yield, fruit size, leaf area, fruit physiological disturbances, and starch and soluble carbohydrates stock) in the same season or have a negative effect in the next season. Deficit irrigation did not advance, enhance or penalize flowering, fruit set or fruit growth. Neither did it diminish carbohydrate concentration in roots or cause an increase in the number of double fruits, which was more linked to high temperatures after harvest. However, deficit irrigation decreased vegetative growth and consequently the leaf area/fruit ratio, which, when it fell below 180 cm2 fruit−1, affected cherry size.

scholarly journals Vegetative and reproductive response of ‘Prime Giant’ sweet cherry trees to regulated deficit irrigation

2019 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
pp. 478-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Blanco ◽  
Roque Torres-Sánchez ◽  
Pedro José Blaya-Ros ◽  
Alejandro Pérez-Pastor ◽  
Rafael Domingo
Keyword(s):  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Reproductive Response ◽  
Cherry Trees

RESPONSE OF YOUNG GRAFTED SWEET CHERRY TREES TO SOIL TYPE, REGULATED DEFICIT IRRIGATION AND N-APPLICATION

2009 ◽  
pp. 427-434
Author(s):  
M. Gospodinova ◽  
D. Dochev ◽  
V. Djouvinov ◽  
Z. Zlatev ◽  
I. Kirkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Type ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
N Application ◽  
Cherry Trees

scholarly journals Potential of UAS-Based Remote Sensing for Estimating Tree Water Status and Yield in Sweet Cherry Trees

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2359
Author(s):  
Víctor Blanco ◽  
Pedro José Blaya-Ros ◽  
Cristina Castillo ◽  
Fulgencio Soto-Vallés ◽  
Roque Torres-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Stem Water Potential ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Cherry Trees

The present work aims to assess the usefulness of five vegetation indices (VI) derived from multispectral UAS imagery to capture the effects of deficit irrigation on the canopy structure of sweet cherry trees (Prunus avium L.) in southeastern Spain. Three irrigation treatments were assayed, a control treatment and two regulated deficit irrigation treatments. Four airborne flights were carried out during two consecutive seasons; to compare the results of the remote sensing VI, the conventional and continuous water status indicators commonly used to manage sweet cherry tree irrigation were measured, including midday stem water potential (Ψs) and maximum daily shrinkage (MDS). Simple regression between individual VIs and Ψs or MDS found stronger relationships in postharvest than in preharvest. Thus, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), resulted in the strongest relationship with Ψs (r2 = 0.67) and MDS (r2 = 0.45), followed by the normalized difference red edge (NDRE). The sensitivity analysis identified the optimal soil adjusted vegetation index (OSAVI) as the VI with the highest coefficient of variation in postharvest and the difference vegetation index (DVI) in preharvest. A new index is proposed, the transformed red range vegetation index (TRRVI), which was the only VI able to statistically identify a slight water deficit applied in preharvest. The combination of the VIs studied was used in two machine learning models, decision tree and artificial neural networks, to estimate the extra labor needed for harvesting and the sweet cherry yield.

Response of orchard 'Washington Navel' orange, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, to saline irrigation water. II. Flowering, fruit set and fruit growth

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Howie ◽  
J Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Leaf Abscission ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Washington Navel ◽  
Floral Differentiation

Flowering, fruit set and fruit growth of 'Washington Navel' orange fruit was monitored on 24-year-old Citrus sinensis trees on Sweet orange rootstocks that had been irrigated with either 5 or 20 mol m-3 NaCl for 5 years preceding measurements.Trees irrigated with high salinity water had reduced flowering intensities and lower rates of fruit set. This resulted in final fruit numbers for trees irrigated with 20 mol m-3 being 38% those of trees irrigated with 5 mol m-3 NaCl. Final fruit numbers were quantitatively related to canopy leaf area for both salinity treatments.Despite little difference between trees in terms of leaf area/fruit number ratio, slower rates of fruit growth were initially observed on high salinity trees. This effect was not apparent during the latter stages of fruit development. Consequently, fruit on trees irrigated with 20 mol m-3 NaCl grew to the same size as fruit on trees irrigated with 5 mol m-3 NaCl, but achieved this size at a later date. Measurements of Brix/acid ratios showed that fruit on high salinity trees reached maturity standards 25 days after fruit on low salinity trees.Unimpaired growth of fruit on high salinity trees during summer and autumn occurred, despite appreciable leaf abscission, suggesting that reserve carbohydrate was utilized for growth during this period. Twigs on high salinity trees had much reduced starch content at the time of floral differentiation in winter. Twig starch content and extent of floral differentiation varied in a similar way when examined as a function of leaf abscission. This suggests that reduced flowering and fruit set in salinized citrus trees is due to low levels of reserve starch, most of which has been utilized to support fruit growth in the absence of carbohydrate production during summer and autumn.

Fruit set and quality responses to artificial spur extinction in planar cordon sweet cherry trees

2020 ◽  
pp. 507-516
Author(s):  
J. Stanley ◽  
C. Scofield ◽  
M. Schurmann ◽  
R. Marshall ◽  
M. Wohlers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Cherry Trees

scholarly journals Long-term Effects of Restricted Root Volume and Regulated Deficit Irrigation on Peach: I. Growth and Mineral Nutrition

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Boland ◽  
P.H. Jerie ◽  
P.D. Mitchell ◽  
I. Goodwin ◽  
D.J. Connor
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Soil Volume

Individual and interactive effects of restricted root volume (RRV) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on vegetative growth and mineral nutrition of peach trees [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch (Peach Group) `Golden Queen'] were studied over 3 years (1992-95). Trees were grown in lysimeters of five different volumes (0.025, 0.06, 0.15, 0.4, and 1.0 m3) with either full or deficit (RDI) irrigation. Increasing soil volume increased vegetative growth as measured by trunk cross-sectional area (TCA) (linear and quadratic, P < 0.011) and tree weight (linear, P < 0.001) with the final TCA ranging from 29.0 to 51.0 cm2 and tree weight ranging from 7.2 to 12.1 kg for the smallest to largest volumes. Root density measured at the completion of the experiment decreased with increasing soil volume (linear and quadratic, P < 0.001) with root length density declining from 24.0 to 2.0 cm·cm-3. RDI reduced vegetative growth by up to 70% as measured by weight of summer prunings. Root restriction was effective in controlling vegetative vigor and is a viable alternative for control of vegetative growth. Mineral nutrition did not limit tree growth.

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