scholarly journals Effect of Zearalenone and Hormone Regulators on Microspore Embryogenesis in Anther Culture of Wheat

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Weigt ◽  
Janetta Niemann ◽  
Idzi Siatkowski ◽  
Joanna Zyprych-Walczak ◽  
Przemysław Olejnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Microspore Embryogenesis ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Green Plants ◽  
Albino Plants ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this work was to assess the impact of zearalenone (ZEN) and selected hormone regulators on the effectiveness of microspore embryogenesis in anther culture of wheat. The plant material comprised F1 hybrids of winter and spring wheat. Six combinations of media inducing microspore proliferation and formation of embryogenic structures were investigated: two combinations of growth regulators (D - 2,4-D + dicamba, K - 2,4-D + kinetin), each with three ZEN concentrations (0 mL/L, 0.1 mL/L, 0.2 mL/L). A significant increase in microspore embryogenesis effectiveness on media with the addition of ZEN was observed both at the stages of its induction and the formation of green plants in some genotypes. In case of both combinations of growth regulators, an increased concentration of ZEN resulted in more effective induction of microspore embryogenesis. The most effective induction medium was the D medium supplemented with 0.2 mL/L ZEN. As a result of the use of zearalenone together with two combinations of growth regulators, all genotypes tested produced androgenic structures, which indicates the breakdown of genotypic recalcitrant in the analysed hybrids. In addition, green plants were obtained from 18 out of 19 tested hybrids. The addition of ZEN to the medium did not affect the number of regenerated albino plants nor the number of spontaneous genome doublings proportion.

The impact of Cu treatment on phenolic and polyamine levels in plant material regenerated from embryos obtained in anther culture of carrot

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Górecka ◽  
Milena Cvikrová ◽  
Urszula Kowalska ◽  
Josef Eder ◽  
Katarzyna Szafrańska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Impact of Ionic Liquids on Induction of Wheat Microspore Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 839
Author(s):  
Dorota Weigt ◽  
Idzi Siatkowski ◽  
Magdalena Magaj ◽  
Agnieszka Tomkowiak ◽  
Jerzy Nawracała
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Microspore Embryogenesis ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
The Impact

Ionic liquids are novel compounds with unique chemical and physical properties. They can be received based on synthetic auxins like 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or dicamba, which are commonly used hormones in microspore embryogenesis. Nevertheless, ionic liquids have not been adapted in plant in vitro culture thus far. Therefore, we studied the impact of ionic liquids on the ability to undergo microspore embryogenesis in anther cultures of wheat. Two embryogenic and two recalcitrant genotypes were used for this study. Ten combinations of ionic liquids and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid were added to the induction medium. In most cases, they stimulated induction of microspore embryogenesis and green plant regeneration more than a control medium supplemented with only 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Two treatments were the most favorable, resulting in over two times greater efficiency of microspore embryogenesis induction in comparison to the control. The effect of breaking down the genotype recalcitrance (manifested by green plant formation) was observed under the influence of 5 ionic liquids treatments. Summing up, ionic liquids had a positive impact on microspore embryogenesis induction and green plant regeneration, increasing the efficiency of these phenomena in both embryogenic and recalcitrant genotypes. Herbicidal ionic liquids can be successfully used in in vitro cultures.

scholarly journals Genotypic features of morphogenetic reactions of varieties and hybrids F1 of winter soft wheat during various stages of androgenesis in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Zambriborshch ◽  
O. L. Shestopal ◽  
M. S. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Green Plants ◽  
Ability To Regenerate ◽  
Androgenesis In Vitro ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat

Aim. Testing the haploproduction ability of 47 varieties and 143 F1 hybrids of winter bread wheat. Methods. In vitro culture of isolated anthers of wheat. The percentage of callus and regeneration of green plants for each genotype calculated as a percentage of the planted anthers. Results. The differences in the frequency of сallus induction and the ability to regenerate plants in the process of androgenesiss in vitro of winter soft wheat were detected. The range of variation haploproduction activiti was broad. The sign of "the formation of сallus" for varieties was in limited from 0 to 21.2 % and for hybrids – from 0 to 38.8 %; on the sign of "regeneration of green plants" for varieties – from 0 to 9.4 %, and for hybrids from 0 to 9.1 %. The positive effect of 1BL/1RS translocation on signs of haploproduction in anther culture Triticum aestivum L. Conclusions. Genotype-specific of microspores morphogenetic reactions of soft winter wheat in the process of androgenesis in vitro were revealed. It has been found that F1 hybrids have a higher potential production potential in anther culture than varieties. During the period from 2011 to 2017, the 580 lines of winter wheat were transferred to the breeding departments. Keywords: soft winter wheat, anther culture in vitro, callus, regeneration.

Responsiveness to anther culture in cultivars and F1 crosses of spring wheat

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Masojc ◽  
O. M. Lukow ◽  
R. I. H. McKenzie ◽  
N. K. Howes
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Donor Plant ◽  
Albino Plants ◽  
Ability To Regenerate ◽  
Embryoid Formation ◽  
N6 Medium ◽  
Regenerated Plant

Anther culturability of 43 cultivars and 6 F1 crosses representing different quality classes of spring wheat was studied using a glucose-containing, modified N6 medium (HNG). Generally high pollen embryoid formation (up to 111 embryoids per 100 anthers) was associated with lower green plant regeneration (up to 9.1 green plantlets per 100 embryoids) frequencies and a high proportion (63% on average) of albino plants. Anther response was found to be strongly affected by the genotype of the donor plants. Seven of the screened cultivars yielded more than one green regenerated plant per 100 anthers. The most responsive cultivars were Veery #2 (6.2), ST 6 (4.0), and Leader (3.6). No ability to regenerate green plantlets was shown by 10 of the genotypes. Anther responsiveness of F1 progenies as compared with the parental cultivars were different in each cross. Differences found between reciprocal crosses suggest that the cytoplasm of a donor plant may affect anther response. Haploid plants constituted 45% of the anther derived regenerants, while the remaining part was divided into 29% of spontaneous diploids and 26% of plants with abnormal chromosome numbers. Key words: Triticum aestivum, anther culture, doubled haploids, wheat

scholarly journals Androgenous ability of heterozygous wheat genotypes and cytological characteristics of green regenerants

Genetika ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Branka Ljevnaic ◽  
Ankica Kondic-Sipka ◽  
Borislav Kobiljski ◽  
Srbislav Dencic
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Cytological Analysis ◽  
Green Plants ◽  
Albino Plants ◽  
Cytological Characteristics

Androgenous and regeneration abilities of 8 heterozygous wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes were analyzed in anther culture. Cytological characteristics of green regenerants were also analyzed. Significant differences were found among the genotypes in their androgenous and regeneration abilities. The average androgenous capacity of all genotypes was 4.4% ranging from 0.7% (Prima/Hueguen) to 11.0% (NS173-98/NS164-98). The average callus yield was 8.7%. The genotype Banks/F53-70 produced the highest number of green plants (33 green plants), while the genotype Banks/Pobeda showed no green plant regeneration ability. The frequency of albino plants ranged between 0% (Banks/Rodna) and 5.3% (Anastasija/Radika). A total of 61 green and 61 albino plants were regenerated. The results of cytological analysis showed that, from the total number of regenerated green plants, 40.9% were haploids and 59.1% were spontaneous double haploids.

scholarly journals Time of In Vitro Anther Culture May Moderate Action of Copper and Silver Ions that Affect the Relationship between DNA Methylation Change and the Yield of Barley Green Regenerants

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1064
Author(s):  
Piotr T. Bednarek ◽  
Renata Orłowska
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Green Plants ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Short Time

Plant anther culture allows for the regeneration of uniform and homozygous double haploids. However, off-type regenerants may appear as a result of so-called tissue culture-induced variation (TCIV). In addition, the presence of Cu2+ and Ag+ ions in the culture medium might influence the number of green plants. The regenerants were obtained via anther cultures of barley under varying Cu2+ and Ag+ ion concentrations in the induction medium during distinct time conditions. DArTseqMet markers were evaluated based on regenerants and donor plants and delivering data on DNA demethylation (DM) and de novo methylation (DNM) and changes in methylation (Delta). The number of green regenerated plants per 100 anthers (GPs) was evaluated. The Cu2+ and Ag+ ion concentrations moderated relationships between Delta and the number of green plants conditional on time of tissue cultures. Depending on the ions, moderated moderation is valid within the different time of anther culture. When the highest concentration of copper is analyzed, plant regeneration is possible under short ‘Time’ (21 days) of anther culture wherein Delta is negative or under elongated Time when Delta is positive. Under 21 days of culture, the highest concentration of silver ions and when Delta is negative, some regenerants could be evaluated. However, under high Ag+ concentration when Time of culture is long and Delta positive, the highest number of green plants could be obtained.

Prospects of spring wheat cultivation in the conditions of arid Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Valery Genadievich Popov ◽  
Andrey Vladimirovich Panfilov ◽  
Yuriy Vyacheslavovich Bondarenko ◽  
Konstantin Mikhailovich Doronin ◽  
Evgeny Nikolaevih Martynov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Clear Differentiation ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the experience of the impact of the system of forest belts and mineral fertilizers on the yield of spring wheat, including on irrigated lands. Vegetation irrigation is designed to maintain the humidity of the active soil layer from germination to maturation at the lower level of the optimum-70-75%, and in the phases of tubulation-earing - flowering - 75-80% NV. However, due to the large differences in zones and microzones of soil and climate conditions and due to the weather conditions of individual years, wheat irrigation regimes require a clear differentiation. In the Volga region in the dry autumn rainfalls give the norm of 800-1000 m3/ha, and in saline soils – 1000-1300 and 3-4 vegetation irrigation at tillering, phases of booting, earing and grain formation the norm 600-650 m3/ha. the impact of the system of forest belts, mineral fertilizers on the yield of spring wheat is closely tied to the formation of microclimate at different distances from forest edges.

EVALUATION OF HYBRID SPRING WHEAT POPULATIONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
O. V. Gladysheva ◽  
Т. А. Barkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Selection Of

This article presents the results of a study of hybrid spring wheat populations. Revealed different patterns of inheritance of important traits in F1 hybrids, which is caused by hereditary features of the original forms and circumstances. Analysis of hybrid populations showed that the dominant role in the formation of 1000 grains mass belongs to productivity and weight of grain with an ear, correlation coefficient r = 0.90 and amounted to r = 0.73, respectively. Found that the hybrid population in F4-5, created on the basis of grades Moscow 35, Esther, Agatha, Rome, Saratovskaya 29 (Russia), Ostinka (Ukraine) are a valuable material for selection of highly productive genotypes for future use breeding process. 

PRODUCTIVITY OF SPRING WHEAT DEPENDING ON GROWING CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
The Upper Volga Region

Spring wheat is the main grain crop. Stable production of high-quality wheat grain is the key to the country's food independence. Therefore, the study of the elements of growing spring wheat technology, aimed at increasing the productivity of crops, is important. The study of the interaction of plants and microorganisms depending on the level of mineral nutrition in crop planning is currently ofparticular relevance. The use of biological products, growth regulators improves the mineral nutrition of plants, increases productivity and its quality, and also provides savings in mineral fertilizers. In the upper Volga region, the main spring crops are wheat, barley and oats. To further increase them in the region, it is necessary to study the characteristics of the formation of yields and determine the most productive crops depending on the level of nutrition, biological products and growth regulators. The scientific article presents the results of the study of these drugs on the productivity of spring wheat. In field experiments, it was planned to get 30, 40 and 50 tons of grain per hectare. Fertilizers for the planned harvest were made taking into account the agrochemical properties of the soil. From biological products used Flavobacterin, which has a protective effect against diseases and improves product quality, from growth regulators used agrochemicals HUMATE + 7 (10 % liquid concentrate), which is characterized by high biological activity. The yield level was determined taking into account the average long-term moisture supply and qualitative assessment of arable land. The indicators of photosynthetic activity of crops, crop and its structure, quality characteristics of grain and economic efficiency of growing spring wheat in the upper Volga region are presented. As a result of researches the optimum level of mineral nutrition for wheat, the efficacy of agrochemical diazotroph and programming yields of spring wheat, determined the photosynthetic activity of crops and grain yield, calculated economic efficiency of the studied techniques and established the qualitative characteristics of the crop. The program for obtaining the planned wheat yields in the years of the experiments was completed by 68-91 %. Close to the planned the program was implemented using a biological product and growth regulator-74-91 %.

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