Variation in Aquaporin and Physiological Responses Among Pinus contorta Families Under Different Moisture Conditions

Shanjida Khan; Barb R. Thomas; Raul De la Mata; Morgan J. Randall; Wenqing Zhang; Janusz J. Zwiazek

doi:10.3390/plants8010013

Variation in Aquaporin and Physiological Responses Among Pinus contorta Families Under Different Moisture Conditions

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants8010013 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 13 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shanjida Khan ◽

Barb R. Thomas ◽

Raul De la Mata ◽

Morgan J. Randall ◽

Wenqing Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Pinus Contorta ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Transcript Abundance ◽

Adaptive Strategy ◽

Essential Information ◽

Precipitation Regimes ◽

Moisture Conditions ◽

Root:Shoot Ratios

A population of eight open pollinated families of Pinus contorta was selected from sites varying in precipitation regimes and elevation to examine the possible role of aquaporins in adaptation to different moisture conditions. Five Pinus contorta aquaporins encoding PiconPIP2;1, PiconPIP2;2, PiconPIP2;3, PiconPIP1;2, and PiconTIP1;1 were cloned and detailed structural analyses were conducted to provide essential information that can explain their biological and molecular function. All five PiconAQPs contained hydrophilic aromatic/arginine selective filters to facilitate the transport of water. Transcript abundance patterns of PiconAQPs varied significantly across the P. contorta families under varying soil moisture conditions. The transcript abundance of five PiconPIPs remained unchanged under control and water-stress conditions in two families that originated from the sites with lower precipitation levels. These two families also displayed a different adaptive strategy of photosynthesis to cope with drought stress, which was manifested by reduced sensitivity in photosynthesis (maintaining the same rate) while exhibiting a reduction in stomatal conductance. In general, root:shoot ratios were not affected by drought stress, but some variation was observed between families. The results showed variability in drought coping mechanisms, including the expression of aquaporin genes and plant biomass allocation among eight families of Pinus contorta.

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Response of Barley Plants to Drought Might Be Associated with the Recruiting of Soil-Borne Endophytes

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8091414 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 1414

Author(s):

Luhua Yang ◽

Peter Schröder ◽

Gisle Vestergaard ◽

Michael Schloter ◽

Viviane Radl

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Soil Microbes ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Plant Performance ◽

Soil Microbiome ◽

Bacterial Endophytes ◽

Natural Conditions

Mechanisms used by plants to respond to water limitation have been extensively studied. However, even though the inoculation of beneficial microbes has been shown to improve plant performance under drought stress, the inherent role of soil microbes on plant response has been less considered. In the present work, we assessed the importance of the soil microbiome for the growth of barley plants under drought stress. Plant growth was not significantly affected by the disturbance of the soil microbiome under regular watering. However, after drought stress, we observed a significant reduction in plant biomass, particularly of the root system. Plants grown in the soil with disturbed microbiome were significantly more affected by drought and did not recover two weeks after re-watering. These effects were accompanied by changes in the composition of endophytic fungal and bacterial communities. Under natural conditions, soil-derived plant endophytes were major colonizers of plant roots, such as Glycomyces and Fusarium, whereas, for plants grown in the soil with disturbed microbiome seed-born bacterial endophytes, e.g., Pantoea, Erwinia, and unclassified Pseudomonaceae and fungal genera normally associated with pathogenesis, such as Gibberella and Gaeumannomyces were observed. Therefore, the role of the composition of the indigenous soil microbiota should be considered in future approaches to develop management strategies to make plants more resistant towards abiotic stress, such as drought.

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Carbon storage and allocation pattern in plant biomass under drought stress and nitrogen supply in Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Populus deltoides

Pakistan Journal of Botany ◽

10.30848/pjb2019-5(14) ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Saira Kanwal ◽

Sofia Baig ◽

Imran Hashmi

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Carbon Storage ◽

Populus Deltoides ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽

Nitrogen Supply ◽

Allocation Pattern

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Role of DREB1A gene in Triticum aestivum L. seeds treated with different elicitors to delay drought stress

Research on Crops ◽

10.31830/2348-7542.2018.0001.46 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Triticum Aestivum L

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Nano Zero Valent Iron (nZVI) as an Amendment for Phytostabilization of Highly Multi-PTE Contaminated Soil

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14102559 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 2559

Author(s):

Maja Radziemska ◽

Zygmunt M. Gusiatin ◽

Jiri Holatko ◽

Tereza Hammerschmiedt ◽

Andrzej Głuchowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Biomass ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Zero Valent Iron ◽

Festuca Rubra ◽

Control Series ◽

Flame Atomic Absorption ◽

Zn Content ◽

Nano Zero Valent Iron ◽

Average Plant

In recent years, a lot of attention has been given to searching for new additives which will effectively facilitate the process of immobilizing contaminants in the soil. This work considers the role of the enhanced nano zero valent iron (nZVI) strategy in the phytostabilization of soil contaminated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs). The experiment was carried out on soil that was highly contaminated with PTEs derived from areas in which metal waste had been stored for many years. The plants used comprised a mixture of grasses—Lolium perenne L. and Festuca rubra L. To determine the effect of the nZVI on the content of PTEs in soil and plants, the samples were analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The addition of nZVI significantly increased average plant biomass (38%), the contents of Cu (above 2-fold), Ni (44%), Cd (29%), Pb (68%), Zn (44%), and Cr (above 2-fold) in the roots as well as the soil pH. The addition of nZVI, on the other hand, was most effective in reducing the Zn content of soil when compared to the control series. Based on the investigations conducted, the application of nZVI to soil highly contaminated with PTEs is potentially beneficial for the restoration of polluted lands.

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The role of biochar in alleviating soil drought stress in urban roadside greenery

Geoderma ◽

10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115223 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 404 ◽

pp. 115223

Author(s):

You Jin Kim ◽

Junge Hyun ◽

Sin Yee Yoo ◽

Gayoung Yoo

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Soil Drought

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Physiological and biochemical responses of soybean plants inoculated with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Bradyrhizobium under drought stress

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-021-02949-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohamed S. Sheteiwy ◽

Dina Fathi Ismail Ali ◽

You-Cai Xiong ◽

Marian Brestic ◽

Milan Skalicky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Secondary Metabolism ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Relative Expression ◽

Reverse Trend ◽

Soybean Plants

Abstract Background The present study aims to study the effects of biofertilizers potential of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Bradyrhizobium japonicum (B. japonicum) strains on yield and growth of drought stressed soybean (Giza 111) plants at early pod stage (50 days from sowing, R3) and seed development stage (90 days from sowing, R5). Results Highest plant biomass, leaf chlorophyll content, nodulation, and grain yield were observed in the unstressed plants as compared with water stressed-plants at R3 and R5 stages. At soil rhizosphere level, AMF and B. japonicum treatments improved bacterial counts and the activities of the enzymes (dehydrogenase and phosphatase) under well-watered and drought stress conditions. Irrespective of the drought effects, AMF and B. japonicum treatments improved the growth and yield of soybean under both drought (restrained irrigation) and adequately-watered conditions as compared with untreated plants. The current study revealed that AMF and B. japonicum improved catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) in the seeds, and a reverse trend was observed in case of malonaldehyde (MDA) and proline under drought stress. The relative expression of the CAT and POD genes was up-regulated by the application of biofertilizers treatments under drought stress condition. Interestingly a reverse trend was observed in the case of the relative expression of the genes involved in the proline metabolism such as P5CS, P5CR, PDH, and P5CDH under the same conditions. The present study suggests that biofertilizers diminished the inhibitory effect of drought stress on cell development and resulted in a shorter time for DNA accumulation and the cycle of cell division. There were notable changes in the activities of enzymes involved in the secondary metabolism and expression levels of GmSPS1, GmSuSy, and GmC-INV in the plants treated with biofertilizers and exposed to the drought stress at both R3 and R5 stages. These changes in the activities of secondary metabolism and their transcriptional levels caused by biofertilizers may contribute to increasing soybean tolerance to drought stress. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that application of biofertilizers to soybean plants is a promising approach to alleviate drought stress effects on growth performance of soybean plants. The integrated application of biofertilizers may help to obtain improved resilience of the agro ecosystems to adverse impacts of climate change and help to improve soil fertility and plant growth under drought stress.

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Lights and Shadows in the Genetics of Syndromic and Non-Syndromic Hearing Loss in the Italian Population

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes11111237 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 1237

Author(s):

Anna Morgan ◽

Stefania Lenarduzzi ◽

Beatrice Spedicati ◽

Elisabetta Cattaruzzi ◽

Flora Maria Murru ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Disease Genes ◽

Italian Population ◽

Essential Information ◽

Whole Exome ◽

Relevant Role ◽

Multiplex Ligation Probe Amplification ◽

Syndromic Hearing Loss

Hearing loss (HL), both syndromic (SHL) and non-syndromic (NSHL), is the most common sensory disorder, affecting ~460 million people worldwide. More than 50% of the congenital/childhood cases are attributable to genetic causes, highlighting the importance of genetic testing in this class of disorders. Here we applied a multi-step strategy for the molecular diagnosis of HL in 125 patients, which included: (1) an accurate clinical evaluation, (2) the analysis of GJB2, GJB6, and MT-RNR1 genes, (3) the evaluation STRC-CATSPER2 and OTOA deletions via Multiplex Ligation Probe Amplification (MLPA), (4) Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) in patients negative to steps 2 and 3. Our approach led to the characterization of 50% of the NSHL cases, confirming both the relevant role of the GJB2 (20% of cases) and STRC deletions (6% of cases), and the high genetic heterogeneity of NSHL. Moreover, due to the genetic findings, 4% of apparent NSHL patients have been re-diagnosed as SHL. Finally, WES characterized 86% of SHL patients, supporting the role of already know disease-genes. Overall, our approach proved to be efficient in identifying the molecular cause of HL, providing essential information for the patients’ future management.

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Spermine: Its Emerging Role in Regulating Drought Stress Responses in Plants

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10020261 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 261

Author(s):

Md. Mahadi Hasan ◽

Milan Skalicky ◽

Mohammad Shah Jahan ◽

Md. Nazmul Hossain ◽

Zunaira Anwar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Severe Drought ◽

New Information ◽

Effects Of Drought

In recent years, research on spermine (Spm) has turned up a lot of new information about this essential polyamine, especially as it is able to counteract damage from abiotic stresses. Spm has been shown to protect plants from a variety of environmental insults, but whether it can prevent the adverse effects of drought has not yet been reported. Drought stress increases endogenous Spm in plants and exogenous application of Spm improves the plants’ ability to tolerate drought stress. Spm’s role in enhancing antioxidant defense mechanisms, glyoxalase systems, methylglyoxal (MG) detoxification, and creating tolerance for drought-induced oxidative stress is well documented in plants. However, the influences of enzyme activity and osmoregulation on Spm biosynthesis and metabolism are variable. Spm interacts with other molecules like nitric oxide (NO) and phytohormones such as abscisic acid, salicylic acid, brassinosteroids, and ethylene, to coordinate the reactions necessary for developing drought tolerance. This review focuses on the role of Spm in plants under severe drought stress. We have proposed models to explain how Spm interacts with existing defense mechanisms in plants to improve drought tolerance.

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