scholarly journals Taxonomic Composition of Iris Subser. Chrysographes (Iridaceae) Inferred from Chloroplast DNA and Morphological Analyses

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2232
Author(s):  
Eugeny V. Boltenkov ◽  
Elena V. Artyukova ◽  
Anna Trias-Blasi
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Central China ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Herbaceous Perennials ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Distribution Ranges

The species of Iris subser. Chrysographes are herbaceous perennials found mainly in southwestern and central China and also in the Eastern Himalayas. To date, six species have been recognized in this group. In the framework of its taxonomic revision, we have carried out molecular and morphological studies. For this, we have sequenced four chloroplast DNA regions (trnS–trnG, trnL–trnF, rps4–trnSGGA, and psbA–trnH) for 25 samples across the major distribution ranges of the six species. Our phylogenetic analyses evidence that I. subser. Chrysographes is indeed a monophyletic group, which is sister to I. subser. Sibiricae. Within I. subser. Chrysographes, we have recovered four divergent lineages further supported by diagnosable morphological traits and geographical distributions. In this context, our data confirm the recognition of I. clarkei, I. delavayi, and I. wilsonii in their traditional concepts. Furthermore, both molecular and morphological data support the close affinities and similar distribution ranges of I. bulleyana, I. chrysographes, and I. forrestii, which suggests including I. chrysographes and I. forrestii as color forms in I. bulleyana. A revised taxonomic treatment for the group, including the notes on the species distributions and habitats, and also an identification key to the species are provided.

scholarly journals Disentangling relationships among eastern Mediterranean Cymbalaria including description of a novel species from the southern Peloponnese (Greece)

2021 ◽  
Vol 307 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pau Carnicero ◽  
Núria Garcia-Jacas ◽  
Llorenç Sáez ◽  
Theophanis Constantinidis ◽  
Mercè Galbany-Casals
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Aegean Islands ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

AbstractThe eastern Mediterranean basin hosts a remarkably high plant diversity. Historical connections between currently isolated areas across the Aegean region and long-distance dispersal events have been invoked to explain current distribution patterns of species. According to most recent treatments, at least two Cymbalaria species occur in this area, Cymbalaria microcalyx and C. longipes. The former comprises several intraspecific taxa, treated at different ranks by different authors based on morphological data, evidencing the need of a taxonomic revision. Additionally, some populations of C. microcalyx show exclusive morphological characters that do not match any described taxon. Here, we aim to shed light on the systematics of eastern Mediterranean Cymbalaria and to propose a classification informed by various sources of evidence. We performed molecular phylogenetic analyses using ITS, 3’ETS, ndhF and rpl32-trnL sequences and estimated the ploidy level of some taxa performing relative genome size measures. Molecular data combined with morphology support the division of traditionally delimited C. microcalyx into C. acutiloba, C. microcalyx and C. minor, corresponding to well-delimited nrDNA lineages. Furthermore, we propose to combine C. microcalyx subsp. paradoxa at the species level. A group of specimens previously thought to belong to Cymbalaria microcalyx constitute a well-defined phylogenetic and morphological entity and are described here as a new species, Cymbalaria spetae. Cymbalaria longipes is non-monophyletic, but characterized by being glabrous and diploid, unlike other eastern species. The nrDNA data suggest at least two dispersals from the mainland to the Aegean Islands, potentially facilitated by marine regressions.

Is Ronnbergia (Bromeliaceae, Bromelioideae) a geographically disjunct genus? Evidence from morphology and chloroplast DNA sequence data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 219 (3) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Aguirre-Santoro ◽  
Julio Betancur ◽  
Gregory K. Brown ◽  
Timothy M. Evans ◽  
Fabiano Salgueiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Disjunct Genus

A phylogenetic study testing the monophyly of the geographically disjunct genus Ronnbergia (Bromeliaceae, Bromelioideae) is presented. The phylogenetic analyses were based on taxon sampling that included all but one species of Ronnbergia, and representative lineages across the subfamily Bromelioideae. Three chloroplast DNA sequence markers (matK, psbA-trnH, and trnL-trnF) and morphological data were used for the phylogenetic reconstruction. Both the molecular and morphological datasets supported the polyphyly of Ronnbergia, either independently or in combination. These findings suggest that the geographic disjunction of this genus is most likely a product of taxonomic misinterpretation. The results also indicate that the species currently circumscribed in Ronnbergia are closely related to species in the genus Aechmea with similar geographic ranges. The datasets do not have enough resolution power to reconstruct a deep phylogenetic history that involves all the species of Ronnbergia. Nevertheless, this study provides clues for future approaches that should focus on a larger species sampling and the use of multi-locus DNA sequence data.

A cybertaxonomic revision of the new dung beetle tribe Parachoriini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) and its phylogenetic assessment using molecular and morphological data

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4329 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
SERGEI TARASOV
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Tribal Classification ◽  
New Tribe ◽  
The Stability ◽  
New Synonymy

Two Oriental dung beetle genera: Parachorius Harold, 1873 and Cassolus Sharp, 1875 have long had an ambiguous tribal position in Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), but have never been considered as closely related. A recently discovered species representing the morphological link between the two genera gave a hint to their possible close affiliation. To assess phylogenetic and taxonomic placement of these genera, I conducted phylogenetic analyses of global dung beetle samples using morphological (134 taxa, 232 characters) and molecular (551 terminals, 8 gene regions) data. Both morphological and molecular analyses strongly support the monophyly of Parachorius + Cassolus. This leads to the synonymy of Parachorius with Cassolus new synonymy, and resulted in the new generic concept for Parachorius. The isolated phylogenetic position of Parachorius and its morphological distinctiveness from all other known Scarabaeinae tribes suggest recognition of a new tribe, Parachoriini new tribe, to maintain the stability of tribal classification in dung beetles. Investigation of old and recent material of Parachorius revealed a large number of undescribed species and the need for a taxonomic revision of this genus. The revision of Parachorius, powered by the 3i cybertaxonomic tool, is presented in this study. The revised Parachorius is comprised of 19 species from the Oriental and southeastern Palaearctic Regions, of which seven are newly described (P. asymmetricus new species, P. bolavensis new species, P. longipenis new species, P. newthayerae new species, P. pseudojavanus new species, P. schuelkei new species, and P. solodovnikovi new species). Three species names in Parachorius are synonymized, namely, P. fungorum Kryzhanovsky & Medvedev, 1966 = P. krali Utsunomiya & Masumoto, 2001 new synonymy; P. thomsoni Harold, 1873 = P. lannathai Hanboonsong & Masumoto, 2001 new synonymy; and P. peninsularis (Arrow, 1907) = C. pongchaii Masumoto, 2001 new synonymy. Two species originally described in Cassolus (C. sumatranus and C. minutus) are transferred to the genus Panelus Lewis, 1895. The rank of the genus Macropanelus is lowered to a subgenus within Panelus (i.e. Panelus (Macropanelus) new status). 

scholarly journals A revision of the genus Menonvillea (Cremolobeae, Brassicaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Leonel Salariato ◽  
Fernando Omar Zuloaga ◽  
Ihsan Ali Al-Shehbaz
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Specific Rank

Following the most recent phylogenetic analyses of Menonvillea, an updated taxonomic revision of the genus based on molecular and morphological data is presented here. Menonvillea currently includes 24 species distributed in Argentina and Chile. Three new sections, sects. Cuneata, Menonvillea, and Scapigera, are proposed. One subspecies is raised to the specific rank, and the new combination M. marticorenae is proposed. Descriptions, keys to all taxa, updated geographical distributions, maps, and illustrations are provided. Lectotypes for M. filifolia, M. minima, M. purpurea, and M. flexuosa f. tomentosa are designated.

scholarly journals Revision and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Genus Phonoctonus Stål, 1853 (Heteroptera, Reduviidae, Harpactorinae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1100
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bugaj-Nawrocka ◽  
Dominik Chłond
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Afrotropical Region

This paper presents a taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analysis of nine known species of the genus Phonoctonus Stål, 1853, distributed exclusively in the Afrotropical region. The revision and phylogenetic analysis were performed using morphological data. A full redescription for all species is provided, taxonomical problems are clarified, and diagnostic characters are presented and illustrated. Based on the analysis, thirteen species are recognised as valid: Phonoctonus bifasciatus stat. nov., P. caesar, P. elegans, P. fairmairei stat. nov., P. fasciatus, P. grandis, P. immitis stat. rev., P. luridus, P. lutescens, P. nigrofasciatus stat. rev., P. picta stat. nov., P. picturatus stat. rev., and P. principalis. New synonymies are proposed: Phonoctonus nigrofasciatus= P. fasciatus var. poultoni syn. nov., P. picturatus = P. fasciatus var. discalis syn. nov., and P. principalis = P. validus syn. nov. An identification key to separate the species, drawings of dorsal habitus, and distribution maps of all valid species are presented. Performed morphological phylogenetic analyses indicate monophyly of the genus Phonoctonus.

scholarly journals An integrative taxonomic revision of slug-eating snakes (Squamata: Pareidae: Pareineae) reveals unprecedented diversity in Indochina

PeerJ ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. e12713
Author(s):  
Nikolay A. Poyarkov ◽  
Tan Van Nguyen ◽  
Parinya Pawangkhanant ◽  
Platon V. Yushchenko ◽  
Peter Brakels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Early Oligocene ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Colonization Hypothesis ◽  
High Level

Slug-eating snakes of the subfamily Pareinae are an insufficiently studied group of snakes specialized in feeding on terrestrial mollusks. Currently Pareinae encompass three genera with 34 species distributed across the Oriental biogeographic region. Despite the recent significant progress in understanding of Pareinae diversity, the subfamily remains taxonomically challenging. Here we present an updated phylogeny of the subfamily with a comprehensive taxon sampling including 30 currently recognized Pareinae species and several previously unknown candidate species and lineages. Phylogenetic analyses of mtDNA and nuDNA data supported the monophyly of the three genera Asthenodipsas, Aplopeltura, and Pareas. Within both Asthenodipsas and Pareas our analyses recovered deep differentiation with each genus being represented by two morphologically diagnosable clades, which we treat as subgenera. We further apply an integrative taxonomic approach, including analyses of molecular and morphological data, along with examination of available type materials, to address the longstanding taxonomic questions of the subgenus Pareas, and reveal the high level of hidden diversity of these snakes in Indochina. We restrict the distribution of P. carinatus to southern Southeast Asia, and recognize two subspecies within it, including one new subspecies proposed for the populations from Thailand and Myanmar. We further revalidate P. berdmorei, synonymize P. menglaensis with P. berdmorei, and recognize three subspecies within this taxon, including the new subspecies erected for the populations from Laos and Vietnam. Furthermore, we describe two new species of Pareas from Vietnam: one belonging to the P. carinatus group from southern Vietnam, and a new member of the P. nuchalis group from the central Vietnam. We provide new data on P. temporalis, and report on a significant range extension for P. nuchalis. Our phylogeny, along with molecular clock and ancestral area analyses, reveal a complex diversification pattern of Pareinae involving a high degree of sympatry of widespread and endemic species. Our analyses support the “upstream” colonization hypothesis and, thus, the Pareinae appears to have originated in Sundaland during the middle Eocene and then colonized mainland Asia in early Oligocene. Sundaland and Eastern Indochina appear to have played the key roles as the centers of Pareinae diversification. Our results reveal that both vicariance and dispersal are responsible for current distribution patterns of Pareinae, with tectonic movements, orogeny and paleoclimatic shifts being the probable drivers of diversification. Our study brings the total number of Pareidae species to 41 and further highlights the importance of comprehensive taxonomic revisions not only for the better understanding of biodiversity and its evolution, but also for the elaboration of adequate conservation actions.

Molecular and morphological phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision of the genus Orleanesia (Laeliinae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 392 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
GABRIEL F. GONÇALVES ◽  
ANNA VICTORIA S. R. MAUAD ◽  
GIULIANA TAQUES ◽  
ERIC C. SMIDT ◽  
FÁBIO DE BARROS
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Nuclear Its

In order to evaluate the monophyly of the genus Orleanesia (Orchidaceae) and to assess its position within Laeliinae, a phylogenetic analysis was performed using molecular (nuclear ITS and plastid matK DNA sequences) and morphological data. A taxonomic revision of Orleanesia was also performed, with a description of the genus and its species using fresh living plants and 115 exsiccates from 31 herbaria. All phylogenetic analyses were highly congruent, and thus the sequence data from all three data sets were combined. The resulting phylogeny corroborated the monophyly of Orleanesia, with two strongly supported clades, and confirmed Caularthron as its sister group. Character analysis was not very informative due to a high degree of homoplasy. Two lectotypifications and three new synonyms were proposed for the genus, thereby reducing the number of accepted species to six. Although none of the species of Orleanesia are considered endangered, it is clear that some populations are threatened with deforestation and habitat reduction.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic and morphological studies in Xylodon (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) with the addition of four new species

MycoKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 97-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janett Riebesehl ◽  
Eugene Yurchenko ◽  
Karen K. Nakasone ◽  
Ewald Langer
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Morphological Studies

Xylodon (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) is the largest segregate genus of Hyphodontia s.l. Based on molecular and morphological data, 77 species are accepted in Xylodon to date. Phylogenetic analyses of ITS and 28S sequences, including 38 new ITS and 20 28S sequences of Xylodon species, revealed four species new to science. The new taxa X.exilis, X.filicinus, X.follis and X.pseudolanatus from Taiwan, Nepal, Réunion, Belize, and USA are described and illustrated. In addition, species concepts for Odontiavesiculosa from New Zealand and Xylodonlanatus from U.S.A. are revised and the new name X.vesiculosus is proposed. Phylogenetic analyses of the ITS region placed X.spathulatus, X.bubalinus and X.chinensis in a strongly supported clade and demonstrated that they are conspecific. Palifer and Odontiopsis are synonymised under Xylodon based on morphological and sequence data. The following new combinations are proposed: X.erikssonii, X.gamundiae, X.hjortstamii, X.hyphodontinus, X.septocystidiatus and X.verecundus. Line drawings of X.cystidiatus, X.hyphodontinus, X.lanatus and X.vesiculosus, as well as photographs of X.raduloides basidiomata, are provided. A key to X.lanatus and similar species is presented.

scholarly journals Species recognition and phylogeny of Thelotrema species in Australia (Ostropales, Ascomycota)

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Thorsten Lumbsch ◽  
Armin Mangold ◽  
María P. Martín ◽  
John A. Elix
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Species Recognition ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Crustose Lichens

Species circumscriptions based on morphological data are difficult in crustose lichens with limited characters as they often show remarkable variability. An example is the genus Thelotrema s.str., a speciose genus of mostly tropical lichens. Morphological studies on Australian Thelotrema spp. were accompanied by a phylogenetic analysis of mt SSU rDNA sequence data of 19 species, including 25 newly obtained sequences. We performed maximum parsimony and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of 50 samples, representing 25 species. Our results indicate that more species need to be accepted in Thelotrema than previously thought. Subtle morphological differences were found to be associated with independent lineages in the phylogenetic trees. Furthermore, monophyly of Thelotrema s.str. is strongly supported. On the basis of the corroboration of morphological evidence by molecular data, the new species Thelotrema capetribulense Mangold, T. crespoae Mangold, Lumbsch & Elix, T. oleosum Mangold, and T. pseudosubtile Mangold are described. The new combinations Chapsa phlyctidioides (Müll.Arg.) Mangold and Thelotrema defossum (Müll.Arg.) Mangold are proposed.

scholarly journals Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel J. Tenorio ◽  
Samuel Abalde ◽  
José R. Pardos-Blas ◽  
Rafael Zardoya
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
West African ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Systematic Account ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Cone Snails

In the last few years, a sharp increase in the number of descriptions of new species of West African cone snails, particularly from the Cabo Verde Archipelago, has taken place. In previous studies, we used mitogenome sequences for reconstructing robust phylogenies, which comprised in total 120 individuals representing the majority of species (69.7%) described from this biogeographical region (except Angolan endemics) and grouped into seven genera within the family Conidae. Here, we add another 12 individuals representing endemic species that were missing in the previous studies. We use the phylogenies to identify monophyletic groups and a genetic divergence threshold (0.2% uncorrected p distance) to determine the number of valid species. As a result, the number of valid West African cone species could be drastically reduced to at least 40%, indicating that some recent poor-quality descriptions loosely based on phenotypic characters prone to convergence such as the shape and color patterns of the shell have contributed substantially to taxonomic inflation. Several previously accepted species with a reduced geographical distribution now become phenotypic forms of the remaining valid species, which increase their distribution ranges. In contrast, several cryptic species are now uncovered and described. For instance, Africonus insulae sp. nov. and Kalloconus canariensis sp. nov. are hereby introduced as new species. A detailed systematic account with illustrations and relevant information is presented. Lectotypes are designated for Conus trochulus and Conus irregularis, and neotypes for Conus crotchii and Conus diminutus. According to our results, it is strongly recommended that any future introduction of new taxa names for cone snails from West Africa should be supported by molecular and/or anatomical rather than exclusively shell morphological data. The taxonomic decisions here taken have direct implications for conservation and will eventually require re-evaluation of the Red List risk status of an important number of species.

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