scholarly journals Fusarium nirenbergiae (Fusarium oxysporum Species Complex) Causing the Wilting of Passion Fruit in Italy

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2011
Author(s):  
Dalia Aiello ◽  
Alberto Fiorenza ◽  
Giuseppa Rosaria Leonardi ◽  
Alessandro Vitale ◽  
Giancarlo Polizzi
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Purple Passion Fruit ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum Species Complex

Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims.) is an ever-increasing interest crop in Italy because it is mainly cultivated for its edible fruit and, secondly, as an ornamental evergreen climber. During the summer of 2020, two-year-old plants of purple passion fruit in one of the most important expanding production areas of Sicily (southern Italy) showed symptoms of yellowing, wilting, and vascular discoloration. Fusarium-like fungal colonies were consistently yielded from symptomatic crown and stem tissues. Five representative isolates were characterized by a morphological and molecular analysis based on a multilocus phylogeny using RNA polymerase’s second largest subunit (RPB2) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1α) genes, as Fusarium nirenbergiae (Fusarium oxysporum species complex). Pathogenicity tests conducted on healthy 1-year-old passion fruit cuttings revealed symptoms similar to those observed in the field. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Fusarium wilt on passion fruit caused by Fusarium nirenbergiae. This report focuses on the phytopathological implications of this fungal pathogen, which may represent a future significant threat for the expanding passion fruit production in Italy and Europe.

scholarly journals Detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae from Infected Strawberry Plants

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 1006-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Burkhardt ◽  
Peter M. Henry ◽  
Steven T. Koike ◽  
Thomas R. Gordon ◽  
Frank Martin
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Multiple Field ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum Species Complex

Isolates of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex have been characterized as plant pathogens that commonly cause vascular wilt, stunting, and yellowing of the leaves in a variety of hosts. F. oxysporum species complex isolates have been grouped into formae speciales based on their ability to cause disease on a specific host. F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae is the causal agent of Fusarium wilt of strawberry and has become a threat to production as fumigation practices have changed in California. F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae is polyphyletic and limited genetic markers are available for its detection. In this study, next-generation sequencing and comparative genomics were used to identify a unique genetic locus that can detect all of the somatic compatibility groups of F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae identified in California. This locus was used to develop a TaqMan quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay and an isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay that have very high sensitivity and specificity for more than 180 different isolates of the pathogen tested. RPA assay results from multiple field samples were validated with pathogenicity tests of recovered isolates.

scholarly journals Neofusicoccum batangarum Causing Dieback of Mango (Mangifera indica) in Florida

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 853
Author(s):  
Alina S. Puig ◽  
Mike C. Winterstein
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Causal Organism ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Negative Controls

Mango (Mangifera indica) is an economically significant crop, and is affected by dieback in nearly all commercial production areas. Due to the wide range of organisms previously associated with these disease symptoms in Florida, isolations and pathogenicity tests were carried out to determine the causal organism. The pathogen was identified as Neofusicoccum batangarum based on genetic sequences from three loci (internal transcribed spacer of the rDNA (ITS), β-tubulin (BT), and translation elongation factor 1-α (EF)), recommended for members of the Botryosphaeriaceae family. Possible infection routes were determined by inoculating wounded and unwounded stems with N. batangarum. Trees wounded prior to pathogen inoculation developed larger lesions (5.85 cm ± 1.51) than unwounded trees (0.51 cm ± 0.48), p < 0.0003. In addition, lesions only developed at a small number of inoculation sites in the absence of wounds (14.3%), compared to 93% when stems were wounded. No necrosis was observed in the negative controls. This study provides molecular data on N. batangarum, and evidence of its role causing mango dieback in Florida.

scholarly journals Genetic and Pathogenic Variability of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae Isolated from Onion and Welsh Onion in Japan

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunori Sasaki ◽  
Katsuya Nakahara ◽  
Shuhei Tanaka ◽  
Masayoshi Shigyo ◽  
Shin-ichi Ito
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Welsh Onion ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Fusarium Basal Rot ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Pathogenic Variability ◽  
Translation Elongation Factor 1Α

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae causes Fusarium basal rot in onion (common onion) and Fusarium wilt in Welsh onion. Although these diseases have been detected in various areas in Japan, knowledge about the genetic and pathogenic variability of F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae is very limited. In this study, F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae was isolated from onion and Welsh onion grown in 12 locations in Japan, and a total of 55 F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae isolates (27 from onion and 28 from Welsh onion) were characterized based on their rDNA intergenic spacer (IGS) and translation elongation factor-1α (EF-1α) nucleotide sequences, vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs), and the presence of the SIX (secreted in xylem) homologs. Phylogenetic analysis of IGS sequences showed that these isolates were grouped into eight clades (A to H), and 20 onion isolates belonging to clade H were monophyletic and assigned to the same VCG. All the IGS-clade H isolates possessed homologs of SIX3, SIX5, and SIX7. The SIX3 homolog was located on a 4 Mb-sized chromosome in the IGS-clade H isolates. Pathogenicity tests using onion seedlings showed that all the isolates with high virulence were in the IGS-clade H. These results suggest that F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae isolates belonging to the IGS-clade H are genetically and pathogenically different from those belonging to the other IGS clades.

Colonization of Wild Blackberry Plants in California by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. mori

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. PDIS-06-20-1297
Author(s):  
Ana M. Pastrana ◽  
Dean C. Watson ◽  
Thomas R. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Translation Elongation Factor ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Rubus Armeniacus ◽  
Rubus Species ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. mori, the causal agent of Fusarium wilt of blackberry, was first reported in California and Mexico in 2016. A limited survey of the population revealed this pathogen to be one of the most diverse formae speciales of F. oxysporum. We explored the possibility that strains of F. oxysporum pathogenic to commercial blackberry could also be recovered from wild blackberry (Rubus spp.) in California. For this purpose, wild Rubus species in blackberry nurseries, fruit production fields, and nearby areas were collected between 2017 and 2019. Thirty-four isolates of F. oxysporum were recovered from asymptomatic Rubus armeniacus and Rubus ursinus plants. Based on sequence of the translation elongation factor 1-α, somatic compatibility, and pathogenicity to blackberry, 16 isolates were confirmed as F. oxysporum f. sp. mori. These isolates were associated with three somatic compatibility groups, one of which was first identified in this study. Recovery of the pathogen confirmed that wild blackberry plants can act as a reservoir of inoculum of F. oxysporum f. sp. mori and that it can move from wild blackberry plants to commercial cultivars or vice versa.

scholarly journals Differences in Pathogenicity, Genetic Variability and Cultivar Responses among Isolates of Fusarium oxysporum from Strawberry in Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Paynter ◽  
Elizabeth Czislowski ◽  
Mark E. Herrington ◽  
Elizabeth A.B. Aitken
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Translation Elongation Factor ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Cultivar Responses ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

Variation in the virulence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae (Fof) strains is important when evaluating the resistance of plants to this fungus. Twenty-five isolates of F. oxysporum harvested from strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa) plants growing in Australia were characterized using pathogenicity tests, vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs), and genetic analysis of translation elongation factor 1 alpha (EF-1α). The level of disease varied depending on isolate used, indicating heterogeneous populations of Fof. Two distinct VCGs were identified and corresponded to two of the 10 lineages identified by partial EF-1α. Using a subset of Fof isolates, resistance in eight cultivars ranged from highly resistant to highly susceptible, with some cultivar × isolate interaction. ‘Strawberry Festival’, ‘QHI Sugarbaby’, and ‘DPI Rubygem’ had high levels of resistance across all isolates. Isolates from Western Australia (WA) were genetically distinct from those from Queensland (QLD) and were more virulent to ‘Camarosa’, a major cultivar grown in WA.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae Species Associated with Symptomatic Citrus Plants in Europe

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 492
Author(s):  
Jadson Diogo Pereira Bezerra ◽  
Pedro Wilhelm Crous ◽  
Dalia Aiello ◽  
Maria Lodovica Gullino ◽  
Giancarlo Polizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Citrus Production ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
First Time ◽  
Botryosphaeriaceae Species

This study represents the first survey studying the occurrence, genetic diversity, and pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with symptomatic citrus species in citrus-production areas in five European countries. Based on morphological features and phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1) and β-tubulin (TUB2) genes, nine species were identified as belonging to the genera Diplodia, Dothiorella, Lasiodiplodia, and Neofusicoccum. Isolates of Neofusicoccum parvum and Diplodia pseudoseriata were the most frequently detected, while Dothiorella viticola had the widest distribution, occurring in four of the five countries sampled. Representative isolates of the nine Botryosphaeriaceae species used in the pathogenicity tests caused similar symptoms to those observed in nature. Isolates assayed were all re-isolated, thereby fulfilling Koch’s postulates. Isolates of Diplodia pseudoseriata and Diplodia olivarum are recorded for the first time on citrus and all species found in our study, except N. parvum, are reported for the first time on citrus in Europe.

scholarly journals Current Classification and Diversity of Fusarium Species Complex, the Causal Pathogen of Fusarium Wilt Disease of Banana in Malaysia

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1955
Author(s):  
Anysia Hedy Ujat ◽  
Ganesan Vadamalai ◽  
Yukako Hattori ◽  
Chiharu Nakashima ◽  
Clement Kiing Fook Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum Species Complex

The re-emergence of the Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium odoratissimum (F. odoratissimum) causes global banana production loss. Thirty-eight isolates of Fusarium species (Fusarium spp.) were examined for morphological characteristics on different media, showing the typical Fusarium spp. The phylogenetic trees of Fusarium isolates were generated using the sequences of histone gene (H3) and translation elongation factor gene (TEF-1α). Specific primers were used to confirm the presence of F. odoratissimum. The phylogenetic trees showed the rich diversity of the genus Fusarium related to Fusarium wilt, which consists of F. odoratissimum, Fusarium grosmichelii, Fusarium sacchari, and an unknown species of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex. By using Foc-TR4 specific primers, 27 isolates were confirmed as F. odoratissimum. A pathogenicity test was conducted for 30 days on five different local cultivars including, Musa acuminata (AAA, AA) and Musa paradisiaca (AAB, ABB). Although foliar symptoms showed different severity of those disease progression, vascular symptoms of the inoculated plantlet showed that infection was uniformly severe. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Fusarium oxysporum species complex related to Fusarium wilt of banana in Malaysia is rich in diversity, and F. odoratissimum has pathogenicity to local banana cultivars in Malaysia regardless of the genotype of the banana plants.

Alternaria telliensis sp. nov., a new species isolated from Solanaceae in Algeria

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 440 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
NABAHAT BESSADAT ◽  
BRUNO HAMON ◽  
NELLY BATAILLE-SIMONEAU ◽  
KIHAL MABROUK ◽  
PHILIPPE SIMONEAU
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Biodiversity Survey ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Alternaria Species ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
North Western ◽  
A New Species

During a biodiversity survey of Alternaria associated with leaf spot and blight of Solanaceae, a large collection of strains was obtained from samples collected in north-western regions of Algeria in 2013–2018 growing seasons. Amongst these strains, three isolates recovered from tomato and potato had morphological traits different from that usually observed for Alternaria species previously reported on Solanaceae. Based on analysis of a sequence dataset corresponding to portions of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) and RNA polymerase second largest subunit (rpb2) genes along with morphological observations, isolates were identified as a new species in the section Japonicae. This novel species, described here as Alternaria telliensis, is phylogenetically and morphologically distinct from A. japonica and A. nepalensis in this section. Pathogenicity tests were performed and isolates were found to be weakly pathogenic to tomato and potato (Solanaceae) while highly aggressive on radish, cabbage and turnip (Brassicaceae) plants.

scholarly journals Dactylonectria and Ilyonectria Species Causing Black Foot Disease of Andean Blackberry (Rubus Glaucus Benth) in Ecuador

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Sánchez ◽  
Paola Iturralde ◽  
Alma Koch ◽  
Cristina Tello ◽  
Dennis Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Histone 3 ◽  
Dactylonectria Torresensis ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Foot Disease ◽  
Black Foot ◽  
Black Foot Disease

Andean blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth) plants from the provinces of Tungurahua and Bolivar (Ecuador) started showing symptoms of black foot disease since 2010. Wilted plants were sampled in both provinces from 2014 to 2017, and fungal isolates were obtained from tissues surrounding necrotic lesions in the cortex of the roots and crown. Based on morphological characteristics and DNA sequencing of histone 3 and the translation elongation factor 1α gene, isolates were identified as one of seven species, Ilyonectria vredehoekensis, Ilyonectria robusta, Ilyonectria venezuelensis, Ilyonectria europaea, Dactylonectria torresensis, or Dactylonectria novozelandica. Pathogenicity tests with isolates from each species, excluding I. europaea and D. novozelandica whose isolates were lost due to contamination, confirmed that the four species tested can produce black foot disease symptoms in Andean blackberry. This is the first report of Dactylonectria and Ilyonectria species causing black foot disease of Andean blackberry.

scholarly journals Identification and pathogenicity of microorganisms affecting purple passion fruit in Colombia

Revista CERES ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-257
Author(s):  
Joaquín Guillermo Ramírez Gil ◽  
Pablo Julián Tamayo ◽  
Juan Gonzalo Morales
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Phytophthora Drechsleri ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Purple Passion Fruit ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Purple passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. edulis Sims, known in Colombia as “gulupa”) is an increasingly important crop in Colombia, as seen by an increase in the area under cultivation. This recent prominence coincides with a low number of existing technologies related to the cultivation of the fruit, resulting in a lack of knowledge about its associated pathogens and the absence of rapid and precise diagnostic tests. The objective of this study was to determine the pathogenicity of distinct microorganisms isolated from purple passion fruit samples, some of which had not been previously reported in Colombia. The sampling was performed in seven plots located in two regions of the Colombian Antioquia. With the use of field symptomatology, the isolation of microorganisms, morphological characteristics, molecular analysis, and pathogenicity tests, the pathogen species Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato, and Phytophthora drechsleri were identified for the first time in Colombia. These pathogens cause lesions in fruits, with an incidence of 10.9, 7.6, and 2.8%, respectively. This is also the first report on a global level of Phytophthora drechsleri causing a disease in this plant species.

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