scholarly journals Responses of Grain Yield and Yield Related Parameters to Post-Heading Low-Temperature Stress in Japonica Rice

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1425
Author(s):  
Iftikhar Ali ◽  
Liang Tang ◽  
Junjie Dai ◽  
Min Kang ◽  
Aqib Mahmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Productivity ◽  
Grain Filling Duration

There is unprecedented increase in low-temperature stress (LTS) during post-heading stages in rice as a consequence of the recent climate changes. Quantifying the effect of LTS on yields is key to unraveling the impact of climatic changes on crop production, and therefore developing corresponding mitigation strategies. The present research was conducted to analyze and quantify the effect of post-heading LTS on rice yields as well as yield and grain filling related parameters. A two-year experiment was conducted during rice growing season of 2018 and 2019 using two Japonica cultivars (Huaidao 5 and Nanjing 46) with different low-temperature sensitivities, at four daily minimum/maximum temperature regimes of 21/27 °C (T1), 17/23 °C (T2), 13/19 °C (T3) and 9/15 °C (T4). These temperature treatments were performed for 3 (D1), 6 (D2) or 9 days (D3), at both flowering and grain filling stages. We found LTS for 3 days had no significant effect on grain yield, even when the daily mean temperature was as low as 12 °C. However, LTS of between 6 and 9 days at flowering but not at filling stage significantly reduced grain yield of both cultivars. Comparatively, Huaidao 5 was more cold tolerant than Nanjing 46. LTS at flowering and grain filling stages significantly reduced both maximum and mean grain filling rates. Moreover, LTS prolonged the grain filling duration of both cultivars. Additionally, there was a strong correlation between yield loss and spikelet fertility, spikelet weight at maturity, grain filling duration as well as mean and maximum grain filling rates under post-heading LTS (p < 0.001). Moreover, the effect of post-heading LTS on rice yield can be well quantified by integrating the canopy temperature (CT) based accumulated cold degree days (ACDDCT) with the response surface model. The findings of this research are useful in modeling rice productivity under LTS and for predicting rice productivity under future climates.

Physiological, proteomic and transcriptional responses of wheat to combination of drought or waterlogging with late spring low temperature

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangnan Li ◽  
Jian Cai ◽  
Fulai Liu ◽  
Tingbo Dai ◽  
Weixing Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Waterlogging Stress ◽  
C Metabolism

Spring low temperature events affect winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during late vegetative or reproductive development, exposing plants to a subzero low temperature stress when winter hardening is lost. The increased climatic variability results in wheat being exposed to more frequent adverse impacts of combined low temperature and water stress, including drought and waterlogging. The responses of potted wheat plants cultivated in climatic chambers to these environmental perturbations were investigated at physiological, proteomic and transcriptional levels. At the physiological level, the depressed carbon (C) assimilation induced by the combined stresses was due mainly to stomatal closure and damage of photosynthetic electron transport. Biochemically, the adaptive effects of early moderate drought or waterlogging stress were associated with the activation of antioxidant enzyme system in chloroplasts and mitochondria of leaf under low temperature. Further proteomic analysis revealed that the oxidative stress defence, C metabolism and photosynthesis related proteins were modulated by the combined low temperature and water stress. Collectively, the results indicate that impairment of photosynthesis and C metabolism was responsible for the grain yield loss in winter wheat under low temperature in combination with severe drought or waterlogging stress. In addition, prior mild drought or waterlogging contributed to the homeostasis of oxidative metabolism and relatively better photosynthesis, and hence to less grain yield loss under later spring low temperature stress.

scholarly journals Assessment of cold stress tolerance in maize through quantitative trait locus, genome-wide association study and transcriptome analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 12525
Author(s):  
Syed F.A. GILLANI ◽  
Adnan RASHEED ◽  
Gai YUHONG ◽  
Wei JIAN ◽  
Wang Y. XIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Ps Ii ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Trait Locus

Genome-wide association study (GWAS) has become a widely accepted strategy for decoding genotype phenotype associations in many species thanks to advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. Maize is an ideal crop for GWAS and significant progress has been made in the last decade. This review summarizes current GWAS efforts in maize functional genomics research and discusses future prospects in the omics era. The general goal of GWAS is to link genotypic variations to corresponding differences in phenotype using the most appropriate statistical model in a given population. The current review also presents perspectives for optimizing GWAS design and analysis. GWAS analysis of data from RNA, protein, and metabolite-based omics studies is discussed, along with new models and new population designs that will identify causes of phenotypic variation that have been hidden to date. The detailed that low temperature in maize seedlings altogether restricts germination and seedlings' development and destabilizes the cancer prevention agent safeguard component. Cold pressure adversely influences root morphology, photosystem II (PS II) effectiveness, chlorophyll substance, and leaf region. A short scene of low temperature stress (for example, under 10 °C for 7 days) during the V6–V9 maize development stages can fundamentally defer the anthesis commencement. Among the morphological reactions by focused on maize plants, low temperature stress causes strange tuft development in maize, along these lines influencing the fertilization and grain filling measures. Hence, problematic temperatures can cause a genuine yield decrease if happening at basic conceptive stages, as plants allocate over half of their photosynthesis to foster grains during this stage until physiological development. Low temperature stress fundamentally diminishes the plant stature and absolute yield biomass of maize. Leaf improvement turns out to be delayed in chilly focused on plants because of a drawn-out cell cycle and diminished pace of mitosis.  The joint and continuous efforts of the whole community will enhance our understanding of maize quantitative traits and boost crop molecular breeding designs.

scholarly journals Near-Isogenic Lines of Japonica Rice Revealed New QTLs for Cold Tolerance at Booting Stage

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenghai Sun ◽  
Juan Du ◽  
Xiaoying Pu ◽  
Muhammad Kazim Ali ◽  
Xiaomeng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Mixed Linear Model ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Booting Stage ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Cold Tolerant

Low temperature stress severely hampers rice productivity, and hence elaborating chilling-mediated physiochemical alterations and unravelling cold tolerance pathways will facilitate cold resilient rice breeding. Various cold tolerant Near-isogenic lines (NILs) selected at the booting stage through backcrossing of a japonica landrace Lijing2 (cold tolerant) with cold sensitive Towada (a japonica cultivar). The cold tolerance attributes of NILs was validated over two years by evaluating the spikelet fertility followed by correlation of nineteen morphological traits with the rate of seed setting (RSS). Results revealed BG, FG, 1-2IL, RSLL, and UIL were significantly correlated with RSS and had nearer marker interval distance with cold tolerance in QTL analysis. Two QTLs, qCTB-7-a and qCTB-7-b, were found for RSS based on a mixed linear model. Alleles of two QTLs were contributed by Lijing2 and genetic distances between the peaks were 0.00 and 0.06cM, which explained 5.70% and 8.36% variation, respectively, One QTL for 1-2IL, RSLL, and ILBS, while two QTLs for FG, BG, and UIL were also identified. These findings can be exploited to engineer low temperature stress tolerant rice in times of climate change.

Delayed transplanting reduced grain yield due to low temperature stress at anthesis in machine-transplanted late-season rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 843-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Huang ◽  
Shengliang Fang ◽  
Shuanglü Shan ◽  
Yingbin Zou
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Late Season

AbstractThe development of mechanised large-scale farming has led to changes in rice production systems. Increases in time of farming operations often occur under large-scale farming conditions, which can lead to delayed transplanting (DTP). In this study, field experiments were conducted in the late rice-growing season in 2016 and 2017 to compare the growth stages, growing-season temperature and yield attributes between normal transplanting with 15- to 20-day-old seedlings and DTP with 30-day-old seedlings of two rice cultivars. DTP resulted in 6- and 12-day delays in heading stage for both cultivars in 2016 and 2017, respectively. As a consequence, low temperature stress occurred at anthesis under DTP in both years, which led to significantly reduced spikelet filling and grain yield under DTP for both cultivars. These results confirm that DTP can reduce spikelet filling and grain yield due to low temperature stress at anthesis in machine-transplanted late-season rice. This finding highlights that greater efforts should be made to develop high-yielding short-duration rice cultivars to meet the development of mechanised large-scale rice farming.

Effects of low-temperature stress on histone modification in ZF4 cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Penglei JIANG ◽  
Yingdi SHI ◽  
Yanwen HOU ◽  
Bingshe HAN ◽  
Junfang ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Histone Modification ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Low Temperature Stress

Effects of low temperature stress on photosynthesis in potato leaves

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-zhi QIN ◽  
Jue CHEN ◽  
Zhen XING ◽  
Chang-zheng HE ◽  
Xing-yao XIONG
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Low Temperature Stress
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