scholarly journals Integrated Ammonia Sensor Using a Telecom Photonic Integrated Circuit and a Hollow Core Fiber

Photonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Andreas Hänsel ◽  
Abubakar Isa Adamu ◽  
Christos Markos ◽  
Anders Feilberg ◽  
Ole Bang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Tunable Laser ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Hollow Core ◽  
Ammonia Sensor ◽  
Photonic Integrated Circuit ◽  
Core Fiber

We present a fully integrated optical ammonia sensor, based on a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) with a tunable laser source and a hollow-core fiber (HCF) as gas interaction cell. The PIC also contains a photodetector that can be used to record the absorption signal with the same device. The sensor targets an ammonia absorption line at 1522.45 nm, which can be reached with indium phosphide-based telecom compatible PICs. A 1.65-m long HCF is connected on both ends to a single-mode fiber (SMF) with a mechanical splice that allows filling and purging of the fiber within a few minutes. We show the detection of a 5% ammonia gas concentration, as a proof of principle of our sensor and we show the potential to even detect much lower concentrations. This work paves the way towards a low-cost, integrated and portable gas sensor with potential applications in environmental gas sensing.

scholarly journals Splicing and Coupling Losses in Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Glass Fibers

2010 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Carvalho ◽  
F. Magalhães ◽  
O. Frazão ◽  
J.L. Santos ◽  
F.M. Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Crystal Glass ◽  
Hollow Core ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Core Fiber

Hollow-core photonic crystal glass fibers have a high potential for gas sensing applications, since large light-gas interaction lengths can be effectively attained. Nevertheless, in order to enhance effective diffusion of gas into the hollow-core fiber, multi-coupling gaps are often needed, which raise coupling loss issues that must be evaluated prior to the development of practical systems. In this paper, a study on the coupling losses dependence on lateral and axial gap misalignment for single-mode fiber and two different types of hollow-core photonic crystal glass fibers is carried out. In addition, an experimental technique on splicing these glass fibers is also described and some results are presented showing that low splice losses can be obtained with high reproducibility.

Programmable Integrated Photonics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Capmany ◽  
Daniel Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
External Control ◽  
Integrated Photonics ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Photonic Integrated Circuit ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Application Fields

Programmable Integrated Photonics (PIP) is a new paradigm that aims at designing common integrated optical hardware configurations, which by suitable programming can implement a variety of functionalities that, in turn, can be exploited as basic operations in many application fields. Programmability enables by means of external control signals both chip reconfiguration for multifunction operation as well as chip stabilization against non-ideal operation due to fluctuations in environmental conditions and fabrication errors. Programming also allows activating parts of the chip, which are not essential for the implementation of a given functionality but can be of help in reducing noise levels through the diversion of undesired reflections. After some years where the Application Specific Photonic Integrated Circuit (ASPIC) paradigm has completely dominated the field of integrated optics, there is an increasing interest in PIP justified by the surge of a number of emerging applications that are and will be calling for true flexibility, reconfigurability as well as low-cost, compact and low-power consuming devices. This book aims to provide a comprehensive introduction to this emergent field covering aspects that range from the basic aspects of technologies and building photonic component blocks to the design alternatives and principles of complex programmable photonics circuits, their limiting factors, techniques for characterization and performance monitoring/control and their salient applications both in the classical as well as in the quantum information fields. The book concentrates and focuses mainly on the distinctive features of programmable photonics as compared to more traditional ASPIC approaches.

Gallium Arsenide Photonic Integrated Circuit Platform for Tunable Laser Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Paul Verrinder ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Joseph Fridlander ◽  
Fengqiao Sang ◽  
Victoria Rosborough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallium Arsenide ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Tunable Laser ◽  
Laser Applications ◽  
Photonic Integrated Circuit

scholarly journals Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fiber-Based Dual Gas Sensor for Detection of Methane and Carbon Dioxide in the Near- and Mid-Infrared Regions

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Jaworski ◽  
Paweł Kozioł ◽  
Karol Krzempek ◽  
Dakun Wu ◽  
Fei Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Hollow Core ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Core Fiber ◽  
Sensor Configuration ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

In this work, we present for the first time a laser-based dual gas sensor utilizing a silica-based Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fiber (ARHCF) operating in the Near- and Mid-Infrared spectral region. A 1-m-long fiber with an 84-µm diameter air-core was implemented as a low-volume absorption cell in a sensor configuration utilizing the simple and well-known Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy (WMS) method. The fiber was filled with a mixture of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), and a simultaneous detection of both gases was demonstrated targeting their transitions at 3.334 µm and 1.574 µm, respectively. Due to excellent guidance properties of the fiber and low background noise, the proposed sensor reached a detection limit down to 24 parts-per-billion by volume for CH4 and 144 parts-per-million by volume for CO2. The obtained results confirm the suitability of ARHCF for efficient use in gas sensing applications for over a broad spectral range. Thanks to the demonstrated low loss, such fibers with lengths of over one meter can be used for increasing the laser-gas molecules interaction path, substituting bulk optics-based multipass cells, while delivering required flexibility, compactness, reliability and enhancement in the sensor’s sensitivity.

scholarly journals Low-loss single-mode hollow-core fiber with anisotropic anti-resonant elements

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 8429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Selim Habib ◽  
Ole Bang ◽  
Morten Bache
Keyword(s):  
Single Mode ◽  
Hollow Core ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Core Fiber

Silicon photonic integrated circuit for on-chip spectroscopic gas sensing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Xiong ◽  
Yves Martin ◽  
Eric J. Zhang ◽  
Jason S. Orcutt ◽  
Martin Glodde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Photonic Integrated Circuit ◽  
Silicon Photonic ◽  
On Chip

Laser Linewidth Measurements Using Self-Heterodyne Detection with Total-Reflected Delay Line

2012 ◽  
Vol 571 ◽  
pp. 467-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
Nan Xu ◽  
Jian Wei Li ◽  
Zhi Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Delay Line ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Tunable Laser ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Heterodyne Detection ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Laser Communication ◽  
Narrow Linewidth ◽  
Fiber Delay Line

As an important parameter in the laser communication system, the narrow linewidth of tunable laser source (TLS) must be measured accurately. Therefore, the linewidth of a TLS was measured with the delayed self-heterodyne detection method in the present work. The total-reflected delay line was used in the measurement system for make full use of 25km single-mode fiber delay line. The measured linewidth of the 1550 TLS is of 127 kHz, in agreement with the nominal value.

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