scholarly journals Current Knowledge about Providing Drug–Drug Interaction Services for Patients—A Scoping Review

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Tora Hammar ◽  
Sara Hamqvist ◽  
My Zetterholm ◽  
Päivi Jokela ◽  
Mexhid Ferati
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Medication Management ◽  
Clinical Decision Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Scoping Reviews

Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) pose a major problem to patient safety. eHealth solutions have the potential to address this problem and generally improve medication management by providing digital services for health care professionals and patients. Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) to alert physicians or pharmacists about DDIs are common, and there is an extensive body of research about CDSS for professionals. Information about DDIs is commonly requested by patients, but little is known about providing similar support to patients. The aim of this scoping review was to explore and describe current knowledge about providing digital DDI services for patients. Using a broad search strategy and an established framework for scoping reviews, 19 papers were included. The results show that although some patients want to check for DDIs themselves, there are differences between patients, in terms of demands and ability. There are numerous DDI services available, but the existence of large variations regarding service quality implies potential safety issues. The review includes suggestions about design features but also indicates a substantial knowledge gap highlighting the need for further research about how to best design and provide digital DDI to patients without risking patient safety or having other unintended consequences.

scholarly journals Sexual health and COVID-19: protocol for a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Navin Kumar ◽  
Kamila Janmohamed ◽  
Kate Nyhan ◽  
Laura Forastiere ◽  
Wei-Hong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Scoping Reviews

Abstract Background Global responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have exposed and exacerbated existing socioeconomic and health inequities that disproportionately affect the sexual health and well-being of many populations, including people of color, ethnic minority groups, women, and sexual and gender minority populations. Although there have been several reviews published on COVID-19 and health disparities across various populations, none has focused on sexual health. We plan to conduct a scoping review that seeks to fill several of the gaps in the current knowledge of sexual health in the COVID-19 era. Methods A scoping review focusing on sexual health and COVID-19 will be conducted. We will search (from January 2020 onwards) CINAHL, Africa-Wide Information, Web of Science Core Collection, Embase, Gender Studies Database, Gender Watch, Global Health, WHO Global Literature on Coronavirus Disease Database, WHO Global Index Medicus, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and Sociological Abstracts. Grey literature will be identified using Disaster Lit, Google Scholar, governmental websites, and clinical trials registries (e.g., ClinicalTrial.gov, World Health Organization, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number Registry). Study selection will conform to the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual 2015 Methodology for JBI Scoping Reviews. Only English language, original studies will be considered for inclusion. Two reviewers will independently screen all citations, full-text articles, and abstract data. A narrative summary of findings will be conducted. Data analysis will involve quantitative (e.g., frequencies) and qualitative (e.g., content and thematic analysis) methods. Discussion Original research is urgently needed to mitigate the risks of COVID-19 on sexual health. The planned scoping review will help to address this gap. Systematic review registrations Systematic Review Registration: Open Science Framework osf/io/PRX8E

Algorithmic Detection of Boolean Logic Errors in Clinical Decision Support Statements

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 182-189
Author(s):  
Adam Wright ◽  
Skye Aaron ◽  
Allison B. McCoy ◽  
Robert El-Kareh ◽  
Daniel Fort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Clinical Decision Support ◽  
Health Care Organizations ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Boolean Logic ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Automated Algorithm ◽  
Logic Minimization

Abstract Objective Clinical decision support (CDS) can contribute to quality and safety. Prior work has shown that errors in CDS systems are common and can lead to unintended consequences. Many CDS systems use Boolean logic, which can be difficult for CDS analysts to specify accurately. We set out to determine the prevalence of certain types of Boolean logic errors in CDS statements. Methods Nine health care organizations extracted Boolean logic statements from their Epic electronic health record (EHR). We developed an open-source software tool, which implemented the Espresso logic minimization algorithm, to identify three classes of logic errors. Results Participating organizations submitted 260,698 logic statements, of which 44,890 were minimized by Espresso. We found errors in 209 of them. Every participating organization had at least two errors, and all organizations reported that they would act on the feedback. Discussion An automated algorithm can readily detect specific categories of Boolean CDS logic errors. These errors represent a minority of CDS errors, but very likely require correction to avoid patient safety issues. This process found only a few errors at each site, but the problem appears to be widespread, affecting all participating organizations. Conclusion Both CDS implementers and EHR vendors should consider implementing similar algorithms as part of the CDS authoring process to reduce the number of errors in their CDS interventions.

The Development and Implementation of Patient Safety Information Systems (PSIS)

2011 ◽  
pp. 2054-2072
Author(s):  
Jeongeun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Quality Of Healthcare ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Current Status ◽  
General Description ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Future Goals

This chapter presents the overview of the current status and developmental stages of the PSIS technology and consensus around the patient safety issues as they emerge, grow, and mature globally. The first section gives the general description of the patient safety reporting system (PSRS), and then provides the brief summary of 23 patient safety information classifications and terminologies to date. In the next section, the development of the international classification of patient safety (ICPS) is overviewed, which evolved from the local to an international level by the joint initiatives of WHO. The essential elements of the PSIS and the clinical decision support system (CDSS) functionalities are explained to make the future goals of PSIS clearer. The patient safety indicator (PSI) is explained in a separate section, which provides the opportunity to assess the incidence of adverse events and in-hospital complications using administrative data found in the typical discharge record. The ultimate goals of PSIS and PSI are to improve the quality of healthcare and ensure patient safety.

scholarly journals Residents' Perspectives on Patient Safety in University and Community Teaching Hospitals

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah L. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Patient Safety ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Diagnostic Radiology ◽  
Transitions Of Care ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Communication Problems ◽  
Community Teaching

Abstract Background Patient safety is an important concept in resident education. To date, few studies have assessed resident perceptions of patient safety across different specialties. Objective The study explored residents' views on patient safety across the specialties of internal medicine, general surgery, and diagnostic radiology, focusing on common themes and differences. Methods In fall 2012, interviews of small groups of senior residents in internal medicine, general surgery, and diagnostic radiology were conducted at 3 academic medical centers and 3 community teaching hospitals in 3 major US metropolitan areas. In total, 33 residents were interviewed. Interviews used interactive discussion to explore multiple facets of patient safety. Results Residents identified lack of information, common errors, volume and acuity of patients, and inadequate supervision as major risks to patient safety. Specific threats to patient safety included communication problems, transitions of care, information technology interface issues, time constraints, and work flow. Residents disclosed that reporting safety issues was viewed as burdensome and carrying some degree of risk. There was variability as to whether residents would report safety threats they encountered. Conclusions Residents are aware of threats to patient safety and have a unique perspective compared with other health care professionals. Transitions of care and communication problems were the most common safety threats identified by the residents interviewed.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Rare Diseases: a scoping review of clinical decision support systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannik Schaaf ◽  
Martin Sedlmayr ◽  
Johanna Schaefer ◽  
Holger Storf
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Data Integration ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision Support ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision

Abstract Background Rare Diseases (RDs), which are defined as diseases affecting no more than 5 out of 10,000 people, are often severe, chronic and life-threatening. A main problem is the delay in diagnosing RDs. Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) for RDs are software systems to support clinicians in the diagnosis of patients with RDs. Due to their clinical importance, we conducted a scoping review to determine which CDSSs are available to support the diagnosis of RDs patients, whether the CDSSs are available to be used by clinicians and which functionalities and data are used to provide decision support. Methods We searched PubMed for CDSSs in RDs published between December 16, 2008 and December 16, 2018. Only English articles, original peer reviewed journals and conference papers describing a clinical prototype or a routine use of CDSSs were included. For data charting, we used the data items “Objective and background of the publication/project”, “System or project name”, “Functionality”, “Type of clinical data”, “Rare Diseases covered”, “Development status”, “System availability”, “Data entry and integration”, “Last software update” and “Clinical usage”. Results The search identified 636 articles. After title and abstracting screening, as well as assessing the eligibility criteria for full-text screening, 22 articles describing 19 different CDSSs were identified. Three types of CDSSs were classified: “Analysis or comparison of genetic and phenotypic data,” “machine learning” and “information retrieval”. Twelve of nineteen CDSSs use phenotypic and genetic data, followed by clinical data, literature databases and patient questionnaires. Fourteen of nineteen CDSSs are fully developed systems and therefore publicly available. Data can be entered or uploaded manually in six CDSSs, whereas for four CDSSs no information for data integration was available. Only seven CDSSs allow further ways of data integration. thirteen CDSS do not provide information about clinical usage. Conclusions Different CDSS for various purposes are available, yet clinicians have to determine which is best for their patient. To allow a more precise usage, future research has to focus on CDSSs RDs data integration, clinical usage and updating clinical knowledge. It remains interesting which of the CDSSs will be used and maintained in the future.

scholarly journals Simulations for Mechanical Ventilation in Children: Review and Future Prospects

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Flechelles ◽  
Annie Ho ◽  
Patrice Hernert ◽  
Guillaume Emeriaud ◽  
Nesrine Zaglam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Clinical Decision Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation Duration ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ventilator Performance ◽  
Ventilatory Management

Mechanical ventilation is a very effective therapy, but with many complications. Simulators are used in many fields, including medicine, to enhance safety issues. In the intensive care unit, they are used for teaching cardiorespiratory physiology and ventilation, for testing ventilator performance, for forecasting the effect of ventilatory support, and to determine optimal ventilatory management. They are also used in research and development of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) and explicit computerized protocols in closed loop. For all those reasons, cardiorespiratory simulators are one of the tools that help to decrease mechanical ventilation duration and complications. This paper describes the different types of simulators described in the literature for physiologic simulation and modeling of the respiratory system, including a new simulator (SimulResp), and proposes a validation process for these simulators.

scholarly journals Patient safety challenges in primary health care: a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlise Rigon Dalla Nora ◽  
Mariur Gomes Beghetto
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Patient Safety ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Improve Patient Safety ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Enhancing Resources

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the patient safety challenges described by health professionals in Primary Health Care. Methods: a scoping review was conducted on the LILACS, MEDLINE, IBECS, BDENF, and CINAHL databases, and on the Cochrane, SciELO, Pubmed, and Web of Science libraries in January 2019. Original articles on patient safety in the context of Primary Health Care by health professionals were included. Results: the review included 26 studies published between 2002 and 2019. Four categories resulted from the analysis: challenges of health professionals, administration challenges of health services, challenges with the patient and family, and the potential enhancing resources for patient safety. Conclusions: patient safety challenges for Primary Care professionals are multiple and complex. This study provides insight into resources to improve patient safety for health care professionals, patients, administrators, policy makers, educators, and researchers.

scholarly journals The use of music for children and adolescents living with rare diseases in the healthcare setting: a scoping review study protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Simona Karpaviciute ◽  
Alison Sweeney ◽  
Aimee O‘Neill ◽  
Sandra McNulty ◽  
Thilo Kroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scoping Reviews

Background: Interest in the application of music in the health, social care and community contexts is growing worldwide. There is an emerging body of literature about the positive effects of music on the well-being and social relationships of children and adult populations. Music has also been found to promote social interaction, communication skills, and social-emotional behaviours of children with medically complex care needs. Despite significant advancements in the area, to the authors’ knowledge, this is the first scoping review to investigate the evidence for using music therapy and music-based interventions for children living with rare diseases in the healthcare setting. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to conduct a scoping review of the literature to map out the existing studies about the use of music therapy and music-based interventions with children who have rare diseases in the healthcare setting. This review will also identify gaps in current knowledge and use of these interventions. Method: This study follows the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology for scoping reviews, utilising Arksey and O’Malley’s six-stage scoping review framework: 1) identifying the research question; 2) identifying relevant studies; 3) study selection; 4) charting the data; 5) collating, summarising and reporting results; and 6) consulting with relevant stakeholders step. A comprehensive search will be conducted in CINAHL Complete; MEDLINE Complete; Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection; and PubMed Central databases. A search strategy with selected inclusion and exclusion criteria will be used to reveal a wide range of evidence. This study will include quantitative, qualitative and mixed research methods studies published in English from 2010 to 2020.

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